Database : MEDLINE Search on : Hemiplegia [Words] References found : 11250 [refine] Displaying: 1 .. 10   in format [Detailed]

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[PMID]: 23661884 [Au] Autor: Eze KC; Eze EU [Ad] Address: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria. [Ti] Title: Brain computed tomography of patients with HIV/AIDS before the advent of subsidized treatment program in Nigeria. [So] Source: Niger Med J;53(4):231-5, 2012 Oct. [Is] ISSN: 0300-1652 [Cp] Country of publication: Nigeria [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective is to study intracranial complications of HIV/AIDS using brain-computed tomography in patients who presented with neurological features before the advent of subsidized HIV/AIDS treatment program with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of patients' records retrieved from radiology and medical records departments of the hospital. The studied patients had HIV/AIDS and presented with neurological features and underwent CT scan. RESULTS: A total of 36 patients who tested positive for HIV and who presented with neurological features suspected to be complications of AIDS were examined with CT scan. They consisted of 24 male and 12 females. The male to female ratio was 2:1. The age of the patients ranged from 27 to 45 years. Seventeen patients (47.2%) were aged 30-34 years. Twenty-four patients (60%) were single while 12 (40%) were married. Twenty-seven patients (75%) were infected with HIV 1 and 2, five patients (13.9%) were infected only with HIV-1 while four were infected with only HIV-2. Presenting neurological complaints include left hemiplegia 13 (36.1%), right hemiplegia 6 (16.7%), coma 7 (19.4%), memory loss/dementia complex 5 (13.9%), convulsion with coma 2 (5.6%), left hemi-pariesis with memory loss 2 (5.6%), and staggering gait 1 (2.8%). The findings in CT scan include infarcts-like lesions 14 (38.9%), multiple ring-enhancing lesions 7 (19.4%), cerebral atrophy 5 (13.9%), multiple nodular lesions 4 (11.1%), acute intracerebral hemorrhage 3 (8.3%), cerebral hemiatrophy 2 (5.6%), and solitary ring-enhancing lesions 1 (2.8%). Eight patients with single or multiple ring enhancing lesions were treated with empirical treatment for toxoplasmosis but only three (37.5%) made full recovery. CONCLUSION: Brain CT scan showed extensive structural damages in patients with HIV/AIDS who were not treated with HAART. Out-of-pocket payment for investigations and treatment and absence of HAART could be partly responsible for high rate of advanced disease. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Cu] Class update date: 130513 [Lr] Last revision date: 130513 [Da] Date of entry for processing: 130510 [St] Status: PubMed-not-MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.4103/0300-1652.107601

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[PMID]: 23559649 [Au] Autor: Abbo M; Hussain K; Ali MB [Ad] Address: Department of Emergency Medicine, Rashid Hospital Trauma Center, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE. [Ti] Title: Blunt traumatic internal carotid artery dissection with delayed stroke in a young skydiver. [So] Source: BMJ Case Rep;2013, 2013. [Is] ISSN: 1757-790X [Cp] Country of publication: England [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: We describe a case of a 33-year-old skydiver who presented to the emergency department after a traumatic landing following a parachuting episode. He initially presented with right knee pain secondary to a tibial plateau fracture. There were no neurological symptoms or signs at the initial assessment. While he was still in the emergency department, he suddenly developed headache and left-sided hemiplegia. An urgent work-up showed right middle cerebral artery thrombosis with right internal carotid thrombosis and dissection. We have discussed some possible mechanism of injury in skydiving that may have predisposed to the occurrence of cervical dissection in our patient. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1304 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Process

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[PMID]: 23009589 [Au] Autor: Malesevic NM; Popovic Maneski LZ; Ilic V; Jorgovanovic N; Bijelic G; Keller T; Popovic DB [Ad] Address: Tecnalia Serbia Ltd., Belgrade, Serbia. nebojsa.malesevic@tecnalia.com [Ti] Title: A multi-pad electrode based functional electrical stimulation system for restoration of grasp. [So] Source: J Neuroeng Rehabil;9:66, 2012. [Is] ISSN: 1743-0003 [Cp] Country of publication: England [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: BACKGROUND: Functional electrical stimulation (FES) applied via transcutaneous electrodes is a common rehabilitation technique for assisting grasp in patients with central nervous system lesions. To improve the stimulation effectiveness of conventional FES, we introduce multi-pad electrodes and a new stimulation paradigm. METHODS: The new FES system comprises an electrode composed of small pads that can be activated individually. This electrode allows the targeting of motoneurons that activate synergistic muscles and produce a functional movement. The new stimulation paradigm allows asynchronous activation of motoneurons and provides controlled spatial distribution of the electrical charge that is delivered to the motoneurons. We developed an automated technique for the determination of the preferred electrode based on a cost function that considers the required movement of the fingers and the stabilization of the wrist joint. The data used within the cost function come from a sensorized garment that is easy to implement and does not require calibration. The design of the system also includes the possibility for fine-tuning and adaptation with a manually controllable interface. RESULTS: The device was tested on three stroke patients. The results show that the multi-pad electrodes provide the desired level of selectivity and can be used for generating a functional grasp. The results also show that the procedure, when performed on a specific user, results in the preferred electrode configuration characteristics for that patient. The findings from this study are of importance for the application of transcutaneous stimulation in the clinical and home environments. [Mh] MeSH terms primary: Electric Stimulation/instrumentation Hand Strength/physiology [Mh] MeSH terms secundary: Algorithms Electric Power Supplies Electric Stimulation/methods Electrodes Feedback, Physiological/physiology Female Fingers/physiology Hand/innervation Hand/physiology Hemiplegia/etiology Hemiplegia/rehabilitation Humans Male Middle Aged Motor Neurons/physiology Movement Muscle, Skeletal/physiology Prosthesis Design Recovery of Function Software Stroke/complications Stroke/rehabilitation Treatment Outcome Wireless Technology Wrist Joint/physiology [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: IM [Da] Date of entry for processing: 130118 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1186/1743-0003-9-66

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[PMID]: 23035951 [Au] Autor: Kang YJ; Park HK; Kim HJ; Lim T; Ku J; Cho S; Kim SI; Park ES [Ad] Address: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine Seoul, Seoul, Korea. [Ti] Title: Upper extremity rehabilitation of stroke: facilitation of corticospinal excitability using virtual mirror paradigm. [So] Source: J Neuroeng Rehabil;9:71, 2012. [Is] ISSN: 1743-0003 [Cp] Country of publication: England [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: BACKGROUND: Several experimental studies in stroke patients suggest that mirror therapy and various virtual reality programs facilitate motor rehabilitation. However, the underlying mechanisms for these therapeutic effects have not been previously described. OBJECTIVES: We attempted to delineate the changes in corticospinal excitability when individuals were asked to exercise their upper extremity using a real mirror and virtual mirror. Moreover, we attempted to delineate the role of visual modulation within the virtual environment that affected corticospinal excitability in healthy subjects and stroke patients. METHODS: A total of 18 healthy subjects and 18 hemiplegic patients were enrolled into the study. Motor evoked potential (MEP)s from transcranial magnetic stimulation were recorded in the flexor carpi radialis of the non-dominant or affected upper extremity using three different conditions: (A) relaxation; (B) real mirror; and (C) virtual mirror. Moreover, we compared the MEPs from the virtual mirror paradigm using continuous visual feedback or intermittent visual feedback. RESULTS: The rates of amplitude increment and latency decrement of MEPs in both groups were higher during the virtual mirror task than during the real mirror. In healthy subjects and stroke patients, the virtual mirror task with intermittent visual feedback significantly facilitated corticospinal excitability of MEPs compared with continuous visual feedback. CONCLUSION: Corticospinal excitability was facilitated to a greater extent in the virtual mirror paradigm than in the real mirror and in intermittent visual feedback than in the continuous visual feedback, in both groups. This provides neurophysiological evidence supporting the application of the virtual mirror paradigm using various visual modulation technologies to upper extremity rehabilitation in stroke patients. [Mh] MeSH terms primary: Pyramidal Tracts/physiopathology Stroke/rehabilitation Upper Extremity/physiopathology User-Computer Interface [Mh] MeSH terms secundary: Adult Aged Electromyography Evoked Potentials, Motor/physiology Feedback, Psychological/physiology Female Hemiplegia/etiology Hemiplegia/physiopathology Hemiplegia/rehabilitation Humans Male Middle Aged Muscle Relaxation/physiology Photic Stimulation Psychomotor Performance/physiology Stroke/complications Stroke/physiopathology Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: IM [Da] Date of entry for processing: 130114 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1186/1743-0003-9-71

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[PMID]: 23057500 [Au] Autor: Capó-Lugo CE; Mullens CH; Brown DA [Ad] Address: Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. carmen.capo@u.northwestern.edu [Ti] Title: Maximum walking speeds obtained using treadmill and overground robot system in persons with post-stroke hemiplegia. [So] Source: J Neuroeng Rehabil;9:80, 2012. [Is] ISSN: 1743-0003 [Cp] Country of publication: England [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies demonstrated that stroke survivors have a limited capacity to increase their walking speeds beyond their self-selected maximum walking speed (SMWS). The purpose of this study was to determine the capacity of stroke survivors to reach faster speeds than their SMWS while walking on a treadmill belt or while being pushed by a robotic system (i.e. "push mode"). METHODS: Eighteen chronic stroke survivors with hemiplegia were involved in the study. We calculated their self-selected comfortable walking speed (SCWS) and SMWS overground using a 5-meter walk test (5-MWT). Then, they were exposed to walking at increased speeds, on a treadmill and while in "push mode" in an overground robotic device, the KineAssist, until they were tested at a speed that they could not sustain without losing balance. We recorded the time and number of steps during each trial and calculated gait speed, average cadence and average step length. RESULTS: Maximum walking speed in the "push mode" was 13% higher than the maximum walking speed on the treadmill and both were higher ("push mode": 61%; treadmill: 40%) than the maximum walking speed overground. Subjects achieved these faster speeds by initially increasing both step length and cadence and, once individuals stopped increasing their step length, by only increasing cadence. CONCLUSIONS: With post-stroke hemiplegia, individuals are able to walk at faster speeds than their SMWS overground, when provided with a safe environment that provides external forces that requires them to attempt dynamic stability maintenance at higher gait speeds. Therefore, this study suggests the possibility that, given the appropriate conditions, people post-stroke can be trained at higher speeds than previously attempted. [Mh] MeSH terms primary: Hemiplegia/rehabilitation Robotics Stroke/rehabilitation Walking/physiology [Mh] MeSH terms secundary: Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Biomechanics Chronic Disease Data Interpretation, Statistical Female Gait/physiology Hemiplegia/etiology Humans Linear Models Male Middle Aged Pelvis/physiology Postural Balance/physiology Stroke/complications Survivors [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; RESEARCH SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, NON-P.H.S.; RESEARCH SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, P.H.S. [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: IM [Da] Date of entry for processing: 130109 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1186/1743-0003-9-80

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[PMID]: 22713395 [Au] Autor: Invernizzi P; Gandola M; Romano D; Zapparoli L; Bottini G; Paulesu E [Ad] Address: Psychology Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Ti] Title: What is mine? Behavioral and anatomical dissociations between somatoparaphrenia and anosognosia for hemiplegia. [So] Source: Behav Neurol;26(1-2):139-50, 2013. [Is] ISSN: 1875-8584 [Cp] Country of publication: Netherlands [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: We describe the clinical manifestations and the lesion patterns of five patients with somatoparaphrenia, the denial of ownership for a paralyzed limb, who showed the rare dissociation from anosognosia for hemiplegia. Similar cases have been only occasionally cited in the literature with scanty descriptions of their symptoms and no detailed anatomical assessment. All patients had extrapersonal and at least mild personal neglect. The lesions pattern was mainly subcortical, with a significant involvement of the right thalamus, the basal ganglia and the internal capsule. A formal comparison between the anatomical pattern previously associated with anosognosia in a study performed in 2005 by Berti and colleagues, and the lesion distribution of each patient clearly shows that our pure somatoparaphrenic patients had a sparing of most of the regions associated with anosognosia for hemiplegia. The behavioral dissociation between SP and anosognosia for hemiplegia, together with this new anatomical evidence, suggests that motor awareness is not sufficient to build up a sense of ownership and therefore these two cognitive abilities are at least in part functionally independent and qualitatively different. [Mh] MeSH terms primary: Awareness Body Image/psychology Brain/pathology Delusions/pathology Hemiplegia/pathology Neuroimaging/psychology [Mh] MeSH terms secundary: Aged Aged, 80 and over Delusions/complications Delusions/psychology Female Hemiplegia/complications Hemiplegia/psychology Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods Magnetic Resonance Imaging/psychology Male Middle Aged Neuroimaging/methods Neuropsychological Tests/statistics & numerical data [Pt] Publication type: CASE REPORTS; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: IM [Da] Date of entry for processing: 121128 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.3233/BEN-2012-110226

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[PMID]: 22587973 [Au] Autor: Fu QH; Pei J; Jia Q; Song Y; Gu YH; You XX [Ad] Address: Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. [Ti] Title: [Acupuncture treatment programs for post-stroke motor rehabilitation in community hospitals: study protocol of a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial]. [So] Source: Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao;10(5):516-24, 2012 May. [Is] ISSN: 1672-1977 [Cp] Country of publication: China [La] Language: chi [Ab] Abstract: BACKGROUND: Stroke is responsible for increasingly high rates of mortality and disability worldwide. Approximately two million people suffer from stroke for the first time in China each year. The high incidence (50%) of post-stroke disability brings a heavy burden to patients and their caregivers. Acupuncture has been widely used in the communities for post-stroke rehabilitation in China. The objective of this trial is to apply our acupuncture research achievement to treatment and evaluation of post-stroke hemiplegic patients in community. METHODS AND DESIGN: A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial will be performed in Longhua Hospital and a number of community health service centers in Shanghai. A total of 124 patients (estimated sample size) with post-stroke hemiplegia will be randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a control group. The patients undergoing randomization should be stratified according to National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at baseline. Within the acupuncture group, different acupuncture protocols are administered to patients with flaccid paralysis or spastic paralysis based on the Ashworth Scale. Patients in the acupuncture group will also be treated with comprehensive rehabilitation therapy. The control group will be treated with comprehensive rehabilitation therapy only. The primary outcome measures are the Simplified Fugl-Meyer Motor Scale, the Modified Barthel Index, and the Burden of Stroke Scale. Secondary outcome measures are the modified Rankin Scale, the modified Ashworth Scale and the Stroke Scale of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Outcome measures will be performed after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The patients will be followed up after 6 months. DISCUSSION: The results of this study are expected to demonstrate that our standardized acupuncture protocol for treating and evaluating post-stroke hemiplegic patients will improve motor function and lessen the burden of post-stroke patients within the communities. This will provide the evidence to support successful translation of acupuncture therapy for post-stroke hemiplegic patients in community hospital use. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with the registration number ChiCTR-TRC-11001347. [Mh] MeSH terms primary: Acupuncture Therapy/methods Hemiplegia/rehabilitation Hemiplegia/therapy [Mh] MeSH terms secundary: Aged Aged, 80 and over Female Humans Male Middle Aged Muscle Spasticity/rehabilitation Muscle Spasticity/therapy Stroke/rehabilitation Stroke/therapy Treatment Outcome [Pt] Publication type: ENGLISH ABSTRACT; JOURNAL ARTICLE; MULTICENTER STUDY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RESEARCH SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, NON-P.H.S. [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: IM [Da] Date of entry for processing: 120516 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 23578686 [Au] Autor: Boyd RN; Mitchell LE; James ST; Ziviani J; Sakzewski L; Smith A; Rose S; Cunnington R; Whittingham K; Ware RS; Comans TA; Scuffham PA [Ad] Address: School of Medicine, Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. [Ti] Title: Move it to improve it (Mitii): study protocol of a randomised controlled trial of a novel web-based multimodal training program for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. [So] Source: BMJ Open;3(4), 2013. [Is] ISSN: 2044-6055 [Cp] Country of publication: England [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Persons with cerebral palsy require a lifetime of costly and resource intensive interventions which are often limited by equity of access. With increasing burden being placed on health systems, new methods to deliver intensive rehabilitation therapies are needed. Move it to improve it (Mitii) is an internet-based multimodal programme comprising upper-limb and cognitive training with physical activity. It can be accessed in the client's home at their convenience. The proposed study aims to test the efficacy of Mitii in improving upper-limb function and motor planning. Additionally, this study hopes to further our understanding of the central neurovascular mechanisms underlying the proposed changes and determine the cost effectiveness of Mitii. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Children with congenital hemiplegia will be recruited to participate in this waitlist control, matched pairs, single-blind randomised trial. Children be matched at baseline and randomly allocated to receive 20 weeks of 30 min of daily Mitii training immediately, or waitlisted for 20 weeks before receiving the same Mitii training (potential total dose=70 h). Outcomes will be assessed at 20 weeks after the start of Mitii, and retention effects tested at 40 weeks. The primary outcomes will be the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS), the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) and unimanual upper-limb capacity using the Jebsen-Taylor Test of Hand Function (JTTHF). Advanced brain imaging will assess use-dependant neuroplasticity. Measures of body structure and functions, activity, participation and quality of life will be used to assess Mitii efficacy across all domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This project has received Ethics Approval from the Medical Ethics Committee of The University of Queensland (2011000608) and the Royal Children's Hospital Brisbane (HREC/11/QRCH/35). Findings will be disseminated widely through conference presentations, seminars and peer-reviewed scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12611001174976. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1304 [Cu] Class update date: 130507 [Lr] Last revision date: 130507 [Da] Date of entry for processing: 130412 [St] Status: PubMed-not-MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 23641205 [Au] Autor: Garcea FE; Dombovy M; Mahon BZ [Ad] Address: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester Rochester, NY, USA. [Ti] Title: Preserved tool knowledge in the context of impaired action knowledge: implications for models of semantic memory. [So] Source: Front Hum Neurosci;7:120, 2013. [Is] ISSN: 1662-5161 [Cp] Country of publication: Switzerland [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: A number of studies have observed that the motor system is activated when processing the semantics of manipulable objects. Such phenomena have been taken as evidence that simulation over motor representations is a necessary and intermediary step in the process of conceptual understanding. Cognitive neuropsychological evaluations of patients with impairments for action knowledge permit a direct test of the necessity of motor simulation in conceptual processing. Here, we report the performance of a 47-year-old male individual (Case AA) and six age-matched control participants on a number of tests probing action and object knowledge. Case AA had a large left-hemisphere frontal-parietal lesion and hemiplegia affecting his right arm and leg. Case AA presented with impairments for object-associated action production, and his conceptual knowledge of actions was severely impaired. In contrast, his knowledge of objects such as tools and other manipulable objects was largely preserved. The dissociation between action and object knowledge is difficult to reconcile with strong forms of the embodied cognition hypothesis. We suggest that these, and other similar findings, point to the need to develop tractable hypotheses about the dynamics of information exchange among sensory, motor and conceptual processes. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Cu] Class update date: 130506 [Lr] Last revision date: 130506 [Da] Date of entry for processing: 130503 [St] Status: PubMed-not-MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00120

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[PMID]: 23638425 [Au] Autor: Ozturk AT; Berk AT; Yaman A [Ad] Address: Department of Ophthalmology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. [Ti] Title: Ocular disorders in children with spastic subtype of cerebral palsy. [So] Source: Int J Ophthalmol;6(2):204-10, 2013. [Is] ISSN: 2222-3959 [Cp] Country of publication: China [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: AIM: To document common ocular abnormalities in children with spastic subtype of cerebral palsy (CP) and to find out whether any correlation exists between their occurance and etiologic factors. METHODS: Totally 194 patients with the diagnosis of spastic type CP were enrolled in this retrospective study. Detailed ophthalmic examinations were performed. Demographic data and neuroradiological findings were documented. Kruskal-Wallis, Mann Whitney U, Pearson Chi-square tests and Student's t tests were used in the statistical analysis. RESULTS: The mean age was 64.7±44.2 months on the first ophthalmic examination. Prevalences of diplegia (47.4%) and tetraplegia (36.1%) were found to be higher than the frequency of hemiplegia (16.5%) in our study population. Etiologic factor was asphyxia in 60.8% of the patients. Abnormal ocular findings were present in 78.9% of the patients. Statistically significant poor vision was detected in tetraplegia group among all the spastic ubtypes of CP (P=0.000). Anisometropia and significant refractive error were found in 14.4% and 70.1% of the patients, respectively. Thirty-six children (18.6%) had nystagmus and 107 children (55.2%) had strabismus. Lower gestational age and birth weight were statistically higher in patients with esotropia than exotropia (P=0.009 and P=0.024, respectively). Abnormal morphology of the optic disc was present in 152 eyes (39.2%). Severe periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) was found in 48 patients and statistically significant poor vision was detected in the presence of PVL (P=0.000). CONCLUSION: Spastic diplegic or tetraplegic CP patients with positive neuroradiological symptoms, younger gestational age and lower birth weight ought to have detailed ophthalmic examinations as early as possible to provide best visual rehabilitation. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Cu] Class update date: 130506 [Lr] Last revision date: 130506 [Da] Date of entry for processing: 130502 [St] Status: PubMed-not-MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2013.02.19

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