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[PMID]: 23671747
[Au] Autor:Le O
[Ad] Address:Ott Le, Diagnostic Imaging, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
[Ti] Title:Patterns of peritoneal spread of tumor in the abdomen and pelvis.
[So] Source:World J Radiol;5(3):106-12, 2013 Mar 28.
[Is] ISSN:1949-8470
[Cp] Country of publication:China
[La] Language:eng
[Ab] Abstract:The spread of tumor in the peritoneum can be understood, although it is a complex organ. A study of its embryology, anatomy and function is of clear benefit. It is formed from a network of folds, reflections, and potential spaces produced by the visceral and parietal peritoneum. These folds and reflections begin as a dorsal and ventral mesentery, supporting the primitive gut in early embryologic development. The dorsal mesentery connects the stomach and other organs to the posterior abdominal wall, while the ventral mesentery connects the stomach to the ventral abdominal wall. As the embryo develops, there is further organ growth, elongation, cavitation and rotation. The dorsal and ventral mesentery also develops along with the viscera, forming ligaments, mesenteries, omenta and potential spaces from the resulting reflections and folds. These ligaments, mesenteries, and omenta, support and nurture the organs of the peritoneum, providing a highway for arteries, veins, nerves and lymphatics. The potential spaces created from these folds and reflections of the visceral and parietal peritoneum are also important to realize. For example, the transverse mesocolon divides the peritoneal cavity into a supramesocolic and inframesocolic space in the abdomen and paravesicular spaces within the pelvis. The falciform ligament is well known in the supramesocolic space, dividing it further into a left and right compartment. Knowledge of the peritoneal vascular anatomy is beneficial in locating the spaces and ligaments about the peritoneum. For example, identifying the left gastric artery or vein will lead to the gastrohepatic ligament, which is part of the supramesocolic space. Besides serving a life sustaining role, the multiple compartments, ligaments, mesenteries and omenta within the peritoneum can also facilitate the spread of disease. Tumors can spread directly from one organ to another, seed metastatic deposits in the peritoneal cavity, and travel through the lymphatic or hematogenous route to invade other organs in the peritoneum.
[Pt] Publication type:JOURNAL ARTICLE
[Em] Entry month:1305
[St] Status:In-Data-Review
[do] DOI:10.4329/wjr.v5.i3.106

  2 / 17359 MEDLINE  
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[PMID]: 23671358
[Au] Autor:Zacharia SC; Sinha M; Matippa P; Krishnamoorthy V
[Ad] Address:Urological Nurse Specialist, NU Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
[Ti] Title:An audit of suprapubic catheter insertion performed by a urological nurse specialist.
[So] Source:Indian J Urol;29(1):16-8, 2013 Jan.
[Is] ISSN:0970-1591
[Cp] Country of publication:India
[La] Language:eng
[Ab] Abstract:AIMS: To introduce the concept that a urological Nurse Specialist can perform Suprapubic Catheter (SPC) insertions independently without significant complications, if systematic training is given. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Retrospective study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective audit of Suprapubic Catheter insertions performed by a Urological Nurse Specialist was conducted between April 2009 and April 2011. RESULTS: Of the total 53 patients, in 49 (92.45%) the procedure was successful. Out of the remaining four, two (3.77%) were done by a urologist. One patient's (1.89 %) SPC did not drain after placement and ultrasonography reported that the Foley balloon was lying within the abdominal wall. The other patient's SPC drained well for a month and failed to drain after the first scheduled change in a month. Since the ultrasonography showed the Foley balloon to be anterior to the distended bladder, an exploration was performed and this revealed that the SPC tract had gone through a fold of peritoneum before reaching the bladder. None had bowel injury. CONCLUSIONS: If systematic training is given, a urological Nurse Specialist can perform SPC insertions independently without significant complications.
[Pt] Publication type:JOURNAL ARTICLE
[Em] Entry month:1305
[St] Status:In-Data-Review
[do] DOI:10.4103/0970-1591.109977

  3 / 17359 MEDLINE  
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[PMID]: 22921726
[Au] Autor:Hinson SA; Silva EG; Pinto K
[Ad] Address:Department of Pathology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX. Electronic address: sahintexas@gmail.com.
[Ti] Title:Ovarian serous cystadenofibromas associated with a low-grade serous carcinoma of the peritoneum.
[So] Source:Ann Diagn Pathol;17(3):302-4, 2013 Jun.
[Is] ISSN:1532-8198
[Cp] Country of publication:United States
[La] Language:eng
[Ab] Abstract:Ovarian serous cystadenofibromas are benign neoplasms that sometimes have focal areas of borderline serous tumor and rarely have been associated with epithelial proliferations in the peritoneum, resembling implants. We are reporting 2 cases of ovarian serous cystadenofibromas with serous peritoneal lesions of higher grade than the ovarian tumor: 1 case had a serous carcinoma and another 1 a serous borderline tumor.
[Pt] Publication type:JOURNAL ARTICLE
[Em] Entry month:1305
[Js] Journal subset:IM
[St] Status:In-Data-Review

  4 / 17359 MEDLINE  
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[PMID]: 23478316
[Au] Autor:Yang Q; Ghose P; Ismail N
[Ad] Address:Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
[Ti] Title:Neutrophils Mediate Immunopathology and Negatively Regulate Protective Immune Responses during Fatal Bacterial Infection-Induced Toxic Shock.
[So] Source:Infect Immun;81(5):1751-63, 2013 May.
[Is] ISSN:1098-5522
[Cp] Country of publication:United States
[La] Language:eng
[Ab] Abstract:Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligate intracellular bacterium that infects primarily monocytes and macrophages and causes potentially fatal human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) that mimics toxic-shock-like syndrome in immunocompetent hosts. Early recruitment of neutrophils to the sites of infection is critical for the control of bacterial infection and inflammatory responses. We recently observed rapid and sustained neutrophil recruitment at a primary site of infection (peritoneum) following lethal murine ehrlichial infection compared to innocuous ehrlichial infection. We examined here the contribution of neutrophils to protective immunity or immunopathology during infection with monocytic Ehrlichia. Unexpectedly, depletion of neutrophils from lethally infected mice enhanced bacterial elimination, decreased immune-mediated pathology, and prolonged survival. Furthermore, compared to lethally infected sham controls, neutrophil depletion in infected mice resulted in amelioration of pathogenic responses, as evidenced by a decreased number of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-producing CD8(+) T cells, which is known to mediate immunopathology and toxic shock in a murine model of fatal ehrlichiosis. Although neutrophil depletion did not influence the number of CD4(+) Th1 cells and NKT cells producing gamma interferon (IFN-γ), it increased the ratio of IFN-γ- to IL-10-producing NKT cells as well as the ratio of IFN-γ to interleukin 10 (IL-10) transcripts in the liver. This may ameliorate the net suppressive effect of IL-10 on IFN-γ-mediated activation of infected macrophages and thus may account for the enhanced bacterial elimination. Finally, transcriptional analysis of gene expression in the liver indicated that neutrophils contribute to overproduction of cytokines and chemokines during fatal ehrlichiosis. In conclusion, these results revealed an unexpected role of neutrophils in supporting bacterial replication indirectly and promoting immunopathology during severe infection with an intracellular bacterium.
[Pt] Publication type:JOURNAL ARTICLE
[Em] Entry month:1304
[Js] Journal subset:IM
[St] Status:In-Data-Review
[do] DOI:10.1128/IAI.01409-12

  5 / 17359 MEDLINE  
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[PMID]: 23439310
[Au] Autor:Ernst W; Zimara N; Hanses F; Männel DN; Seelbach-Göbel B; Wege AK
[Ad] Address:Institute of Immunology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
[Ti] Title:Humanized mice, a new model to study the influence of drug treatment on neonatal sepsis.
[So] Source:Infect Immun;81(5):1520-31, 2013 May.
[Is] ISSN:1098-5522
[Cp] Country of publication:United States
[La] Language:eng
[Ab] Abstract:Bacterial infection with group B Streptococcus (GBS) represents a prominent threat to neonates and fetuses in the Western world, causing severe organ damage and even death. To improve current therapeutic strategies and to investigate new approaches, an appropriate in vivo model to study the immune response of a human immune system is needed. Therefore, we introduced humanized mice as a new model for GBS-induced sepsis. Humanized mice feature deficiencies similar to those found in neonates, such as lower immunoglobulin levels and myeloid cell dysfunction. Due to the husbandry in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) facilities, the human immune cells in these mice also exhibit a naive phenotype which mimics the conditions in fetuses/neonates. Following infection, cytokine release and leukocyte trafficking from the bone marrow to the lymphoid organ (spleen) and into the peritoneum (site of infection) as well as bacterial spreading and clearance were traceable in the humanized mice. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of betamethasone and indomethacin treatment using this novel sepsis model. Although both drugs are commonly used in perinatal care, little is known about their effects on the neonatal immune system. Treatment of infected humanized mice not only induced the reduction of human leukocytes in the spleen but also increased the bacterial load in all analyzed organs, including the brain, which did not show infiltration of live GBS in untreated controls. These studies demonstrate the utility of the humanized mice as a new model to study an immature human immune response during bacterial infection and allow the investigation of side effects induced by various treatments.
[Pt] Publication type:JOURNAL ARTICLE
[Em] Entry month:1304
[Js] Journal subset:IM
[St] Status:In-Data-Review
[do] DOI:10.1128/IAI.01235-12

  6 / 17359 MEDLINE  
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[PMID]: 23555087
[Au] Autor:Peçanha LM; Fernandes PD; Simen TJ; de Oliveira DR; Finotelli PV; Pereira MV; Barboza FF; Almeida Tda S; Carvalhal S; Pierucci AP; Leitão GG; Rastrelli L; Piccinelli AL; Leitão SG
[Ad] Address:Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS Bloco I, 2° andar, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
[Ti] Title:Immunobiologic and antiinflammatory properties of a bark extract from Ampelozizyphus amazonicus Ducke.
[So] Source:Biomed Res Int;2013:451679, 2013.
[Is] ISSN:2314-6141
[Cp] Country of publication:United States
[La] Language:eng
[Ab] Abstract:Ampelozizyphus amazonicus is used in the treatment and prevention of malaria. The effect of an aqueous extract from this plant (SART) on the immune response was investigated by measuring immunoglobulin production induced by immunization with the antigen TNP-Ficoll in Plasmodium chabaudi-infected mice. SART treatment increased antigen-specific IgM and IgG levels in TNP-Ficoll-immunized mice. The B cell response during malarial infection was also modified by SART. There was an increase in total serum IgM and IgG and a decrease in the percentage of splenic plasma cells (CD138+ cells) in P. chabaudi-infected, SART-treated animals. SART (1, 3 or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) and the reference drug dexamethasone (5 mg/kg) were also tested in carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration to the subcutaneous air pouch (SAP). All SART doses significantly reduced leukocyte migration into the SAP. The protein concentration resulting from extravasation into the peritoneum was also significantly reduced. Our data indicate that SART possesses immunomodulatory properties, inducing an in vivo modification of the B lymphocyte response and anti-inflammatory properties, which are partly due to a reduction in cell migration and are most likely due to an inhibition of the production of inflammatory mediators. Preliminary HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of SART shows a complex saponin profile with deprotonated molecule [M-H](-) ions in the range of m/z 800-1000.
[Pt] Publication type:JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T
[Em] Entry month:1304
[Js] Journal subset:IM
[St] Status:In-Process
[do] DOI:10.1155/2013/451679

  7 / 17359 MEDLINE  
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[PMID]: 23399832
[Au] Autor:Coulson-Thomas VJ; Coulson-Thomas YM; Gesteira TF; Andrade de Paula CA; Carneiro CR; Ortiz V; Toma L; Kao WW; Nader HB
[Ad] Address:Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil. vcoulsonthomas@gmail.com
[Ti] Title:Lumican expression, localization and antitumor activity in prostate cancer.
[So] Source:Exp Cell Res;319(7):967-81, 2013 Apr 15.
[Is] ISSN:1090-2422
[Cp] Country of publication:United States
[La] Language:eng
[Ab] Abstract:The stromal reaction surrounding tumors leads to the formation of a tumor-specific microenvironment, which may play either a restrictive role or a supportive role in the growth and progression of the tumors. Lumican, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) of the extracellular matrix (ECM), regulates collagen fibrillogenesis. Recently, lumican has also been shown to regulate cell behavior during embryonic development, tissue repair and tumor progression. The role of lumican in cancer varies according to the type of tumor. In this study we analyze the role of lumican in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer both in vivo and in vitro. Overall lumican up-regulation was observed in the primary tumors analyzed through both real-time PCR and immunostaining. The increase in lumican expression was observed in the reactive stroma surrounding prostate primary tumors with fibrotic deposition surrounding the acinar glands. In vitro analysis demonstrated that lumican inhibited both the migration and invasion of metastatic prostate cancer cells isolated from lymph node, bone and brain. Moreover, prostate cancer cells seeded on lumican presented a decrease in the formation of cellular projections, lamellipodia detected by a decreased rearrangement in ZO-1, keratin 8/18, integrin ß1 and MT1-MMP, and invadopodia detected by disruption of α-smooth muscle actin, cortactin and N-WASP. Moreover, a significant increase in prostate cancer cell invasion was observed through the peritoneum of lumican knockout mice, further demonstrating the restrictive role lumican present in the ECM has on prostate cancer invasion. In conclusion, lumican present in the reactive stroma surrounding prostate primary tumors plays a restrictive role on cancer progression, and we therefore postulate that lumican could be a valuable marker in prostate cancer staging.
[Mh] MeSH terms primary: Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans/biosynthesis
Keratan Sulfate/biosynthesis
Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism
[Mh] MeSH terms secundary: Animals
Antigens, CD29/metabolism
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Movement
Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans/deficiency
Humans
Keratan Sulfate/deficiency
Male
Mice
Mice, Knockout
Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
Up-Regulation
[Pt] Publication type:JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, N.I.H., EXTRAMURAL; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T
[Nm] Name of substance:0 (Antigens, CD29); 0 (Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans); 0 (lumican); 9056-36-4 (Keratan Sulfate)
[Em] Entry month:1305
[Js] Journal subset:IM
[Da] Date of entry for processing:130318
[St] Status:MEDLINE

  8 / 17359 MEDLINE  
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[PMID]: 23484572
[Au] Autor:Bhullar JS; Subhas G; Gupta A; Jacobs MJ; Decker M; Silberberg B; Mittal VK
[Ad] Address:Department of Surgery, Providence Hospital and Medical Centers, Southfield, MI, USA. drjsbhullar@gmail.com
[Ti] Title:Transvesical NOTES: survival study in porcine model.
[So] Source:JSLS;16(4):606-11, 2012 Oct-Dec.
[Is] ISSN:1086-8089
[Cp] Country of publication:United States
[La] Language:eng
[Ab] Abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The optimal access route and method for natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) has not been established. A transvesical approach, with its low rate of peritoneal contamination, is an effective clean portal of entry, but a safe urinary bladder closure has been a challenge. We developed a new technique for a safe, pure transvesical NOTES approach. METHODS: Four female piglets were used in the study. With the pigs under anesthesia, a flexible cystoscope (15Fr) was used to make an endoscopic cystotomy; diagnostic peritoneoscopy of the abdominal quadrants was done with biopsies and hemostasis. At the end, a Vicryl loop was pushed to close the bladder incision while the incision edges were pulled inwards. The pigs were euthanized after 2 wk, and necropsies were performed. RESULTS: No bowel injury was noted in any of the 4 pigs. Satisfactory bladder closure was done in 2 pigs, while a partial closure was achieved in 1 case. In the postoperative period, the pigs showed no signs of pain or distress, voided normally, and had a good appetite. On necropsy, we noted healed cystotomy incisions, no intraabdominal adhesions, and no adhesions at the site. CONCLUSION: Our new technique for endoscopic cystotomy overcomes previously reported risks for bowel injuries. Using this route gives good spatial orientation and access to all quadrants, including the pelvis. Biopsies with good hemostasis can be easily achieved. Lack of intraperitoneal changes postoperatively indicate that this procedure may be safe for humans.
[Mh] MeSH terms primary: Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery/methods
Peritoneum/surgery
Urinary Bladder Diseases/surgery
Urinary Bladder/surgery
[Mh] MeSH terms secundary: Animals
Disease Models, Animal
Female
Laparoscopy
Swine
[Pt] Publication type:COMPARATIVE STUDY; JOURNAL ARTICLE
[Em] Entry month:1305
[Js] Journal subset:IM
[Da] Date of entry for processing:130314
[St] Status:MEDLINE
[do] DOI:10.4293/108680812X13462882737294

  9 / 17359 MEDLINE  
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[PMID]: 23484566
[Au] Autor:Carvalho GL; Loureiro MP; Bonin EA; Claus CP; Silva FW; Cury AM; Fernandes FA
[Ad] Address:University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil. gc@elogica.com.br
[Ti] Title:Minilaparoscopic technique for inguinal hernia repair combining transabdominal pre-peritoneal and totally extraperitoneal approaches.
[So] Source:JSLS;16(4):569-75, 2012 Oct-Dec.
[Is] ISSN:1086-8089
[Cp] Country of publication:United States
[La] Language:eng
[Ab] Abstract:INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic surgical repair of inguinal hernia is currently conducted using 2 techniques: the totally extraperitoneal (TEP) and the transabdominal (TAPP) hernia repair. The TEP procedure is technically advantageous, because of the use of no mesh fixation and the elimination of the peritoneal flap, leading to less postoperative pain and faster recovery. The drawback is that TEP is not performed as frequently, because of its complexity and longer learning curve. In this study, we propose a hybrid technique that could potentially become the gold standard of minimally invasive inguinal hernia surgery. This will be achieved by combining established advantages of TEP and TAPP associated with the precision and cosmetics of minilaparoscopy (MINI). Materials and Surgical Technique: Between January and July 2011, 22 patients were admitted for endoscopic inguinal hernia repair. The combined technique was initiated with TAPP inspection and direct visualization of a minilaparoscopic trocar dissection of the preperitoneum space. A10-mm trocar was then placed inside the previously dissected preperitoneal space, using the same umbilical TAPP skin incision. Minilaparoscopic retroperitoneal dissection was completed by TEP, and the surgical procedure was finalized with intraperitoneal review and correction of the preperitoneal work. DISCUSSION: The minilaparoscopic TEP-TAPP combined approach for inguinal hernia is feasible, safe, and allows a simple endoscopic repair. This is achieved by combining features and advantages of both TAPP and TEP techniques using precise and sophisticated MINI instruments. Minilaparoscopic preperitoneal dissection allows a faster and easier creation of the preperitoneal space for the TEP component of the procedure.
[Mh] MeSH terms primary: Hernia, Inguinal/surgery
Herniorrhaphy/methods
Laparoscopes
Laparoscopy/methods
Microsurgery/instrumentation
Peritoneum/surgery
[Mh] MeSH terms secundary: Equipment Design
Female
Humans
Male
Pain, Postoperative
Surgical Mesh
Treatment Outcome
Umbilicus/surgery
[Pt] Publication type:COMPARATIVE STUDY; JOURNAL ARTICLE
[Em] Entry month:1305
[Js] Journal subset:IM
[Da] Date of entry for processing:130314
[St] Status:MEDLINE
[do] DOI:10.4293/108680812X13462882737096

  10 / 17359 MEDLINE  
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[PMID]: 23484564
[Au] Autor:Carlson WH; Tully G; Rajguru A; Burnett DR; Rendon RA
[Ad] Address:Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
[Ti] Title:Cameraless peritoneal entry in abdominal laparoscopy.
[So] Source:JSLS;16(4):559-63, 2012 Oct-Dec.
[Is] ISSN:1086-8089
[Cp] Country of publication:United States
[La] Language:eng
[Ab] Abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Despite significant advances in laparoscopic instrumentation and techniques, injury to intraabdominal structures remains a potentially serious complication of peritoneal access. Consensus on the best method to obtain peritoneal access is lacking. A safe technique that does not rely on direct visualization of the abdominal layers could shorten the learning curve for surgeons and potentially be adopted by other physicians for a variety of nonsurgical indications for peritoneal entry. METHODS: A prospective series of 99 consecutive patients who underwent upper-abdominal laparoscopic surgery performed by a single surgeon between January 2009 and June 2010 was reviewed. The method used to obtain peritoneal access was the fluid-based peritoneal entry indication technique (C-PET) with the EndoTIP trocar. RESULTS: Successful abdominal entry using C-PET was achieved in 90 (90.9%) of the patients; no trocar-related injuries or other injuries associated with peritoneal access occurred. The mean time from incision to confirmed peritoneal access was 21.4 s (range, 12 to 65). Of the 9 cases in which C-PET did not successfully gain entry, 6 occurred during the first 20 surgeries and only 3 in the final 79. CONCLUSIONS: C-PET is simple, safe, timely, and effective for gaining peritoneal access during laparoscopic abdominal surgeries. In this series, C-PET produced no complications and proved effective across a wide variety of patients, including the obese and those who had had previous surgery. Furthermore, C-PET does not require visual recognition of anatomic layers and potentially could easily be taught to nonsurgeon physicians who perform peritoneal access.
[Mh] MeSH terms primary: Abdomen/surgery
Digestive System Diseases/surgery
Laparoscopes
Laparoscopy/methods
Peritoneum/surgery
[Mh] MeSH terms secundary: Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Equipment Design
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Prospective Studies
Young Adult
[Pt] Publication type:COMPARATIVE STUDY; JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T
[Em] Entry month:1305
[Js] Journal subset:IM
[Da] Date of entry for processing:130314
[St] Status:MEDLINE
[do] DOI:10.4293/108680812X13462882737014


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