Database : MEDLINE Search on : memory [Words] References found : 208760 [refine] Displaying: 1 .. 10   in format [Detailed]

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[PMID]: 23649390 [Au] Autor: Yabuki Y; Nakagawasai O; Tadano T; Fukunaga K [Ad] Address: Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University. [Ti] Title: Imaging Monitoring Method of CaMKII Activity by Immunohistochemical Analysis in Schizophrenic Model Rats. [So] Source: Yakugaku Zasshi;133(5):501-6, 2013. [Is] ISSN: 1347-5231 [Cp] Country of publication: Japan [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract:   Schizophrenia is characterized by various behavioral abnormalities including cognitive dysfunction. Neonatal ventral hippocampus (NVH)-lesioned rats had been known as neurodevelopmental animal model similar to schizophrenia. Previous observations indicate that postpubertal NVH-lesioned rats exhibit impairments in prepulse inhibition (PPI), spontaneous locomotion, social interaction behavior and working memory. Here, we document the neurochemical basis of those defects in NVH-lesioned rats. Since Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), which is NMDA receptor downstream kinase, is essential for memory and learning acquisition, we developed a protocol to monitor the spatial changes in CaMKII autophosphorylation using immunohistochemical imaging of whole brain slices with anti-autophosphorylated CaMKII antibody in order to address mechanisms underlying impaired cognitive function in NVH-lesioned rats. Immunohistochemical analyses using anti-autophosphorylated CaMKII antibody revealed that CaMKII autophosphorylation was significantly reduced in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of NVH-lesioned rats compared with control animals. This immunohistochemical technique is useful to investigate temporal and special changes in CaMKII activity in rodent brain and to evaluate drugs to improve the cognitive impairment. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review

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[PMID]: 23648729 [Au] Autor: Liu BH; Cao DY; Huang YF; Li CF; Guo GC; Laine EM; Breuer HP; Piilo J [Ad] Address: Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, CAS, Hefei, 230026, China. [Ti] Title: Photonic realization of nonlocal memory effects and non-Markovian quantum probes. [So] Source: Sci Rep;3:1781, 2013 May 7. [Is] ISSN: 2045-2322 [Cp] Country of publication: England [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: The study of open quantum systems is important for fundamental issues of quantum physics as well as for technological applications such as quantum information processing. Recent developments in this field have increased our basic understanding on how non-Markovian effects influence the dynamics of an open quantum system, paving the way to exploit memory effects for various quantum control tasks. Most often, the environment of an open system is thought to act as a sink for the system information. However, here we demonstrate experimentally that a photonic open system can exploit the information initially held by its environment. Correlations in the environmental degrees of freedom induce nonlocal memory effects where the bipartite open system displays, counterintuitively, local Markovian and global non-Markovian character. Our results also provide novel methods to protect and distribute entanglement, and to experimentally quantify correlations in photonic environments. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review [do] DOI: 10.1038/srep01781

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[PMID]: 23274765 [Au] Autor: Zlomuzica A; Burghoff S; Schrader J; Dere E [Ad] Address: Institute of Experimental Psychology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, armin.zlomuzica@rub.de. [Ti] Title: Superior working memory and behavioural habituation but diminished psychomotor coordination in mice lacking the ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) gene. [So] Source: Purinergic Signal;9(2):175-82, 2013 Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1573-9546 [Cp] Country of publication: Netherlands [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: Adenosine is an important neuromodulator in the central nervous system involved in the regulation of wakefulness, sleep, learning and memory, fear and anxiety as well as motor functions. Extracellular adenosine is synthesized by the cell-surface ectoenzyme ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) from 5'-adenosine monophosphate. While CD73 is widely expressed throughout the mammalian brain, its specific role for behaviour is poorly understood. We examined spatial working memory, emotional responses, motor coordination and motor learning as well as behavioural habituation in mice with a targeted deletion of CD73. CD73 knockout (CD73-/-) mice exhibit enhanced spatial working memory in the Y-maze and enhanced long-term behavioural habituation in the open field. Furthermore, impaired psychomotor coordination on the accelerating rotarod was found in CD73-/- mice. No changes in motor learning and/or anxiety-like behaviour were evident in CD73-/- mice. Our data provide evidence for a role of CD73 in the regulation of learning and memory and psychomotor coordination. Our results might be important for the evaluation of adenosine neuromodulators as possible treatments to ameliorate cognitive and motor deficits associated with neurodegenerative diseases. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review [do] DOI: 10.1007/s11302-012-9344-1

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[PMID]: 22570263 [Au] Autor: Schuurs A; Green HJ [Ad] Address: Behavioural Basis of Health Program, Griffith Health Institute and School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. [Ti] Title: A feasibility study of group cognitive rehabilitation for cancer survivors: enhancing cognitive function and quality of life. [So] Source: Psychooncology;22(5):1043-9, 2013 May. [Is] ISSN: 1099-1611 [Cp] Country of publication: England [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to address the gap in evidence-based treatment available for cancer survivors who are experiencing cognitive dysfunction, through piloting a novel treatment intervention. The overall research question was whether a group cognitive rehabilitation intervention would be feasible for improving cognitive function and quality of life for people who have completed cancer treatment. METHODS: Three groups of adults were recruited as follows: an intervention group of 23 cancer survivors who completed a 4-week group cognitive rehabilitation treatment, a comparison group of nine cancer survivors, and a community sample of 23 adults who had never experienced cancer. Measures of objective and subjective cognitive function, quality of life, psychosocial distress, and illness perceptions were used. The research design was non-randomised. RESULTS: The results indicated that the intervention was effective in improving overall cognitive function, visuospatial/constructional performance, immediate memory, and delayed memory beyond practice effects alone. It was helpful in reducing participants' perceptions of cognitive impairment and psychosocial distress, as well as promoting social functioning and understanding of cognition. The improvements were maintained at 3 months after the intervention. Participants reported a high level of satisfaction with the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results provided evidence for the feasibility of a brief group-based cognitive rehabilitation intervention to treat cognitive problems experienced by cancer survivors. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review [do] DOI: 10.1002/pon.3102

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[PMID]: 23531474 [Au] Autor: Baldi E; Liuzzo A; Bucherelli C [Ad] Address: Dipartimento Scienze Fisiologiche, Università di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni 63, I-50134 Firenze, Italy. [Ti] Title: Fimbria-fornix and entorhinal cortex differential contribution to contextual and cued fear conditioning consolidation in rats. [So] Source: Physiol Behav;114-115:42-8, 2013 Apr 10. [Is] ISSN: 1873-507X [Cp] Country of publication: United States [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: The Fimbria-Fornix (FF) and Entorhinal Cortex (EC) are the primary interfaces between the hippocampus and, respectively, subcortical structures and cortical areas. Their mnemonic role has been repeatedly proposed. In order to investigate their role in fear conditioning, FF and EC were subjected to bilateral fully reversible tetrodotoxin (TTX) inactivation during consolidation in adult male Wistar rats that had undergone training for fear conditioning to an acoustic stimulus (CS) and context. TTX was stereotaxically injected into animals of different groups at increasing post-acquisition delays. Memory was assessed as conditioned freezing duration measured during retention testing, performed 72 and 96h after TTX administration in a counterbalanced manner. The results showed that FF inactivation, performed immediately after conditioning, did not disrupt consolidation of either contextual or auditory fear memory. On the contrary, EC inactivation performed at the same time was followed by both contextual and CS fear response retention impairment. EC inactivation performed 1.5h post-acquisition impaired only contextual fear response retention. EC inactivation performed 24h after acquisition training had no effect on the consolidation process. The present findings show a clearly different role of FF and EC in fear conditioning consolidation in the rat. The results are discussed in relation to their known connections with the hippocampus. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review

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[PMID]: 23650527 [Au] Autor: Mak GK; Antle MC; Dyck RH; Weiss S [Ad] Address: Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. [Ti] Title: Bi-parental care contributes to sexually dimorphic neural cell genesis in the adult Mammalian brain. [So] Source: PLoS One;8(5):e62701, 2013. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] Country of publication: United States [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: Early life events can modulate brain development to produce persistent physiological and behavioural phenotypes that are transmissible across generations. However, whether neural precursor cells are altered by early life events, to produce persistent and transmissible behavioural changes, is unknown. Here, we show that bi-parental care, in early life, increases neural cell genesis in the adult rodent brain in a sexually dimorphic manner. Bi-parentally raised male mice display enhanced adult dentate gyrus neurogenesis, which improves hippocampal neurogenesis-dependent learning and memory. Female mice display enhanced adult white matter oligodendrocyte production, which increases proficiency in bilateral motor coordination and preference for social investigation. Surprisingly, single parent-raised male and female offspring, whose fathers and mothers received bi-parental care, respectively, display a similar enhancement in adult neural cell genesis and phenotypic behaviour. Therefore, neural plasticity and behavioural effects due to bi-parental care persist throughout life and are transmitted to the next generation. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062701

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[PMID]: 23650525 [Au] Autor: Spronk M; Vogel EK; Jonkman LM [Ad] Address: Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. [Ti] Title: No Behavioral or ERP Evidence for a Developmental Lag in Visual Working Memory Capacity or Filtering in Adolescents and Adults with ADHD. [So] Source: PLoS One;8(5):e62673, 2013. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] Country of publication: United States [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients have both working memory (WM) and attention problems. Good attention skills are important for WM performance; individuals have higher WM capacity when being able to prevent storage of irrelevant information through efficient filtering. Since it is unknown how filtering ability is associated with WM performance in ADHD, this was investigated in the present study. A visuospatial working memory (VSWM) change detection task with distracting stimuli was administered to adolescents (12-16 years old) and adults (20-46 years old) with and without ADHD matched on education/IQ. Besides performance, contralateral delay activity (CDA) was measured; a neural correlate of the number of targets and distracters encoded and maintained in WM during the retention interval. Performance data showed similar WM-load, WM-distracter interference and developmental effects in ADHD and control groups. Adolescents' performance on the WM task deteriorated more than that of adults in the presence of distracters and with higher WM-load, irrespective of Diagnosis. The CDA data suggested that initially all groups encoded/maintained distracting information, but only adults were able to bounce this information from memory later in the retention interval, leading to better WM performance. The only effect of Diagnosis was a smaller CDA in adolescents and adults with ADHD than in age/IQ-matched controls when maintaining a low 1-item load, which was possibly related to an inability to keep attention focused at cued stimuli with low task demands. Overall, the development of filtering efficiency and VSWM storage capacity in adolescents with ADHD was not different from that in typically developing peers. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062673

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[PMID]: 23648881 [Au] Autor: Abou-Khalil BW [Ad] Address: Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, 2100 Pierce Avenue, Suite 335, Nashville, TN 372112, United States of America. Tel. +01 (615) 936 2591. Fax. +01 (615) 936 0223. [Ti] Title: Is the Wada test necessary prior to epilepsy surgery? [So] Source: Neurosciences (Riyadh);8(4):214-7, 2003 Oct. [Is] ISSN: 1319-6138 [Cp] Country of publication: Saudi Arabia [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: The Wada test was initially used to identify the hemisphere of language dominance prior to epilepsy surgery, but was subsequently applied to identify patients at risk of amnesia after temporal resection. The Wada test was later found useful in lateralizing the epileptogenic zone, predicting postoperative memory function, and predicting postoperative seizure control. The Wada test became more widely used, and in many centers became a standard component of the presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. Yet, several problems and disadvantages have surrounded the Wada test, including absence of standardized technique, overestimation of postoperative deficits, and risks and discomforts related to the invasive nature of the procedure. The Wada test may be omitted in patients who have excellent localization of the epileptogenic zone and who do not appear at risk for postoperative memory or language compromise. In addition, there is a promising alternative in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which has already demonstrated excellent agreement with the Wada test for language dominance. Progress is being made in memory fMRI as well. The Wada test identifies the capacity of one hemisphere to sustain memory, and language functions while the other hemisphere is inactivated, while fMRI identifies regions activated by language or memory tasks. Some of these activated regions may not be essential for the activating tasks. Before fMRI can fully replace the Wada test it has to specifically identify those activated regions that are essential for memory or language function, and also measure the memory reserves of the hemisphere contralateral to surgery. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [St] Status: In-Data-Review

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[PMID]: 23650237 [Au] Autor: Regal PJ [Ad] Address: Lake Haven, Australia. [Ti] Title: Neurologic manifestations of E coli infection-induced hemolytic-uremic syndrome in adults. [So] Source: Neurology;80(19):1818, 2013 May 7. [Is] ISSN: 1526-632X [Cp] Country of publication: United States [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: I commend Weissenborn et al.(1) for careful serial neurologic and neuropsychological examination of 42 severely ill adults. I question whether encephalopathy or delirium is the best description. The first of 2 cardinal features of delirium on the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)(2) is acute confusion with fluctuating course. All the observations support sudden onset. The low median age of 43 years makes prior brain disease such as Alzheimer disease and stroke unlikely in most subjects. Figure 2 demonstrates great fluctuation in neuropsychological dysfunction.(1) The second CAM cardinal feature is inattention. Twenty-one patients had impaired working memory. We can safely infer that almost all 21 had inattention; 10 patients with stupor or coma had inattention. Thus the first 2 cardinal features of delirium were fulfilled in an estimated 30 patients. CAM positivity requires disorganized thinking or altered level of consciousness. Ten had altered level of consciousness and many of the 24 patients whose Mini-Mental State Examination fell below 28 or the 5 who developed agitation would likely have disorganized thinking. I estimate 50% of these patients had CAM-positive delirium. In 584 key articles on delirium, this is the first report of delirium in adults with hemolytic uremic syndrome. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: AIM; IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review [do] DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000430450.15615.c3

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[PMID]: 23576622 [Au] Autor: Amato MP; Razzolini L; Goretti B; Stromillo ML; Rossi F; Giorgio A; Hakiki B; Giannini M; Pastò L; Portaccio E; De Stefano N [Ad] Address: From the Department of Neurology (M.P.A., L.R., B.G., B.H., M.G., L.P., E.P.), University of Florence; Don Gnocchi Foundation (L.R., B.H., E.P.), Florence; and Department of Neurological and Behavioural Sciences (M.L.S., F.R., A.G., N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy. [Ti] Title: Cognitive reserve and cortical atrophy in multiple sclerosis: A longitudinal study. [So] Source: Neurology;80(19):1728-33, 2013 May 7. [Is] ISSN: 1526-632X [Cp] Country of publication: United States [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the cognitive reserve (CR) hypothesis in the model of multiple sclerosis (MS) by assessing the interactions among CR, brain atrophy, and cognitive efficiency in patients with relapsing-remitting MS. METHODS: A Cognitive Reserve Index was calculated including education, premorbid leisure activities, and IQ. Brain atrophy was assessed through magnetic resonance quantitative parameters of normalized total brain volume and normalized cortical volume. Cognitive function was measured using Rao's Brief Repeatable Battery. RESULTS: Fifty-two patients with relapsing-remitting MS were evaluated at baseline and 35 of them were reassessed after a 1.6-year follow-up period. At baseline, higher CR predicted better performance on most of the Brief Repeatable Battery tests, independent of brain atrophy and clinical and demographic characteristics (p ≤ 0.021). An interaction between CRI and normalized cortical volume predicted better cognitive performance on tasks of verbal memory and attention/information processing speed (p < 0.005). However, at the follow-up examination, progressing cortical atrophy (ß = 0.45; p = 0.008) and older age (ß = -0.33; p = 0.044) were the only predictors of deteriorating cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that higher CR in individuals with MS may mediate between cognitive performance and brain pathology. CR-related compensation may, however, fail with progression of damage. The time window of opportunity for therapeutic approaches aimed at intellectual enhancement most likely lies in the earliest disease stages. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1305 [Js] Journal subset: AIM; IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review [do] DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182918c6f

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