Database : MEDLINE Search on : radiation [Words] References found : 441308 [refine] Displaying: 1 .. 10   in format [Detailed]

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[PMID]: 23642317 [Au] Autor: Mazzotti M; Bartoli I; Marzani A; Viola E [Ad] Address: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali (DICAM), Università degli Studi di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Civil, Architectural & Environmental Engineering Department, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. [Ti] Title: A coupled SAFE-2.5D BEM approach for the dispersion analysis of damped leaky guided waves in embedded waveguides of arbitrary cross-section. [So] Source: Ultrasonics;53(7):1227-41, 2013 Sep. [Is] ISSN: 1874-9968 [Cp] Country of publication: Netherlands [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: The paper presents a Semi-Analytical Finite Element (SAFE) formulation coupled with a 2.5D Boundary Element Method (BEM) for the computation of the dispersion properties of viscoelastic waveguides with arbitrary cross-section and embedded in unbounded isotropic viscoelastic media. Attenuation of guided modes is described through the imaginary component of the axial wavenumber, which accounts for material damping, introduced via linear viscoelastic constitutive relations, as well as energy loss due to radiation of bulk waves in the surrounding media. Energy radiation is accounted in the SAFE model by introducing an equivalent dynamic stiffness matrix for the surrounding medium, which is derived from a regularized 2.5D boundary element formulation. The resulting dispersive wave equation is configured as a nonlinear eigenvalue problem in the complex axial wavenumber. The eigenvalue problem is reduced to a linear one inside a chosen contour in the complex plane of the axial wavenumber by using a contour integral method. Poles of leaky and evanescent modes are obtained by choosing appropriately the phase of the wavenumbers normal to the interface in compliance with the nature of the waves in the surrounding medium. Finally, the obtained eigensolutions are post-processed to compute the energy velocity and the radiated wavefield in the surrounding domain. The reliability of the method is first validated on existing results for waveguides of circular cross sections embedded in elastic and viscoelastic media. Next, the potential of the proposed numerical framework is shown by computing the dispersion properties for a square steel bar embedded in grout and for an H-shaped steel pile embedded in soil. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1306 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review

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[PMID]: 23628114 [Au] Autor: Dron O; Aider JL [Ad] Address: Laboratoire PMMH, CNRS UMR7636/ESPCI/UPMC/UPD, École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles (ESPCI), 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France. [Ti] Title: Varying the agglomeration position of particles in a micro-channel using Acoustic Radiation Force beyond the resonance condition. [So] Source: Ultrasonics;53(7):1280-7, 2013 Sep. [Is] ISSN: 1874-9968 [Cp] Country of publication: Netherlands [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: It is well-known that particles can be focused at mid-height of a micro-channel using Acoustic Radiation Force (ARF) tuned at the resonance frequency (h=λ/2). The resonance condition is a strong limitation to the use of acoustophoresis (particles manipulation using acoustic force) in many applications. In this study we show that it is possible to focus the particles anywhere along the height of a micro-channel just by varying the acoustic frequency, in contradiction with the resonance condition. This result has been thoroughly checked experimentally. The different physical properties as well as wall materials have been changed. The wall materials is finally the only critical parameters. One of the specificity of the micro-channel is the thickness of the carrier and reflector layer. A preliminary analysis of the experimental results suggests that the acoustic focusing beyond the classic resonance condition can be explained in the framework of the multilayered resonator proposed by Hill [1]. Nevertheless, further numerical studies are needed in order to confirm and fully understand how the acoustic pressure node can be moved over the entire height of the micro channel by varying the acoustic frequency. Despite some uncertainties about the origin of the phenomenon, it is robust and can be used for improved acoustic sorting or manipulation of particles or biological cells in confined set-ups. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1306 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review

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[PMID]: 23562446 [Au] Autor: Scholl C; Lieberz W; Jansing P; Küpper T [Ad] Address: Institute for Work Design of North Rhine-Westphalia (LIA.NRW), Radiation Protection Services Department, Ulenbergstr. 127-131, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Working Group for Internal Dosimetry of the German-Swiss Association for Radiation Protection (AKI), Germany. Electronic address: clemens.scholl@lia.nrw.de. [Ti] Title: The Fukushima accident and travel medicine - Analysis and recommendations. [So] Source: Travel Med Infect Dis;11(3):139-45, 2013 May-Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1873-0442 [Cp] Country of publication: Netherlands [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: The accident at the nuclear site in Fukushima has fostered a fear of the consequences of radioactive contamination among many, especially regarding travel to Japan and the import of Japanese goods. We give a general overview of the assessment of the effects of ionizing radiation and a summary of the consequences of the Japanese accident. We report the results of the measurement of radionuclide intake among travelers returning from Japan, carried out at the whole-body counter of the Institute for Work Design of North Rhine-Westphalia (LIA.NRW) in Düsseldorf. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1306 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review

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[PMID]: 23730419 [Au] Autor: Bennett DC; Charest J; Sebolt K; Lehrman M; Rehemtulla A; Contessa JN [Ad] Address: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT. [Ti] Title: High-throughput Screening Identifies Aclacinomycin as a Radiosensitizer of EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. [So] Source: Transl Oncol;6(3):382-91, 2013 Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1936-5233 [Cp] Country of publication: United States [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) provides a specialized environment for the folding and modification of trans-membrane proteins, including receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), which are vital for the growth and survival of malignancies. To identify compounds which disrupt the function of the ER and thus could potentially impair cancer cell survival signaling, we adapted a set of glycosylation-sensitive luciferase reporters for the development and optimization of a cell-based high-throughput screen (HTS). Secondary screens for false-positive luciferase activation and tertiary lectin-based and biochemical analyses were also devised for compound triage. Through a pilot screen of 2802 compounds from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) chemical libraries, we identified aclacinomycin (Acm) as a compound that preferentially affects ER function. We report that Acm reduces plasma membrane expression of glycoproteins including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Met but does not inhibit N-linked glycosylation or generalized protein translation. Fluorescence microscopy co-localization experiments were also performed and demonstrated Acm accumulation in the ER in further support of the overall HTS design. The consequences of Acm treatment on cell survival were analyzed through clonogenic survival analysis. Consistent with the reduction of EGFR levels, pretreatment with Acm sensitizes the EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines HCC827 and HCC2935 to ionizing radiation and did not affect the sensitivity of the RTK-independent and KRAS-mutant A549 NSCLC cell line. Thus, Acm and similar compounds targeting the ER may represent a novel approach for radiosensitizing tumor cells dependent on RTK function. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1306 [St] Status: In-Data-Review

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[PMID]: 23730416 [Au] Autor: Hayman TJ; Kramp T; Kahn J; Jamal M; Camphausen K; Tofilon PJ [Ad] Address: University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL ; Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. [Ti] Title: Competitive but Not Allosteric mTOR Kinase Inhibition Enhances Tumor Cell Radiosensitivity. [So] Source: Transl Oncol;6(3):355-62, 2013 Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1936-5233 [Cp] Country of publication: United States [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a critical kinase in the regulation of gene translation and has been suggested as a potential target for radiosensitization. The goal of this study was to compare the radiosensitizing activities of the allosteric mTOR inhibitor rapamycin with that of the competitive mTOR inhibitor PP242. On the basis of immunoblot analyses, whereas rapamycin only partially inhibited mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) activity and had no effect on mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2), PP242 inhibited the activity of both mTOR-containing complexes. Irradiation alone had no effect on mTORC1 or mTORC2 activity. Clonogenic survival was used to define the effects of the mTOR inhibitors on in vitro radiosensitivity. In the two tumor cell lines evaluated, PP242 treatment 1 hour before irradiation increased radiosensitivity, whereas rapamycin had no effect. Addition of PP242 after irradiation also enhanced the radiosensitivity of both tumor lines. To investigate the mechanism of radiosensitization, the induction and repair of DNA double-strand breaks were evaluated according γH2AX foci. PP242 exposure did not influence the initial level of γH2AX foci after irradiation but did significantly delay the dispersal of radiation-induced γH2AX foci. In contrast to the tumor cell lines, the radiosensitivity of a normal human fibroblast cell line was not influenced by PP242. Finally, PP242 administration to mice bearing U251 xenografts enhanced radiation-induced tumor growth delay. These results indicate that in a preclinical tumor model PP242 enhances tumor cell radiosensitivity both in vitro and in vivo and suggest that this effect involves an inhibition of DNA repair. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1306 [St] Status: In-Data-Review

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[PMID]: 23562833 [Au] Autor: Daynac M; Chicheportiche A; Pineda JR; Gauthier LR; Boussin FD; Mouthon MA [Ad] Address: CEA DSV iRCM SCSR, Laboratoire de Radiopathologie, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; INSERM, U967, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 967, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Université Paris Sud, UMR 967, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France. [Ti] Title: Quiescent neural stem cells exit dormancy upon alteration of GABAAR signaling following radiation damage. [So] Source: Stem Cell Res;11(1):516-28, 2013 Jul. [Is] ISSN: 1876-7753 [Cp] Country of publication: England [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: Quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs) are considered the reservoir for adult neurogenesis, generating new neurons throughout life. Until now, their isolation has not been reported, which has hampered studies of their regulatory mechanisms. We sorted by FACS quiescent NSCs and their progeny from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of adult mice according to the expression of the NSC marker LeX/CD15, the EGF receptor (EGFR) and the CD24 in combination with the vital DNA marker Hoechst 33342. Characterization of sorted cells showed that the LeX(bright)/EGFR-negative population was enriched in quiescent cells having an NSC phenotype. In contrast to proliferating NSCs and progenitors, the LeX(bright)/EGFR-negative cells, i.e. quiescent NSCs, resisted to a moderate dose of gamma-radiation (4Gy), entered the cell cycle two days after irradiation prior to EGFR acquisition and ultimately repopulated the SVZ. We further show that the GABAAR signaling regulates their cell cycle entry by using specific GABAAR agonists/antagonists and that the radiation-induced depletion of neuroblasts, the major GABA source, provoked their proliferation in the irradiated SVZ. Our study demonstrates that quiescent NSCs are specifically enriched in the LeX(bright)/EGFR-negative population, and identifies the GABAAR signaling as a regulator of the SVZ niche size by modulating the quiescence of NSCs. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1306 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review

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[PMID]: 23203908 [Au] Autor: Niu Y; Peng Y [Ad] Address: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6; Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6. [Ti] Title: A semiparametric marginal mixture cure model for clustered survival data. [So] Source: Stat Med;32(14):2364-73, 2013 Jun 30. [Is] ISSN: 1097-0258 [Cp] Country of publication: England [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: We consider a marginal model for the regression analysis of clustered failure time data with a cure fraction. We propose to use novel generalized estimating equations in an expectation-maximization algorithm to estimate regression parameters in a semiparametric proportional hazards mixture cure model. The dependence among the cure statuses and among the survival times of uncured patients within clusters are modeled by working correlation matrices in the estimating equations. We use a bootstrap method to obtain the variances of the estimates. We report a simulation study to demonstrate a substantial efficiency gain of the proposed method over an existing marginal method. Finally, we apply the model and the proposed method to a set of data from a multi-institutional study of tonsil cancer patients treated with a radiation therapy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1306 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review [do] DOI: 10.1002/sim.5687

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[PMID]: 23732502 [Au] Autor: Bergoeing R M; Mertens M R; Mariné M L; Valdés E F; Kramer Sch A; Nervi N B; Borghero R Y [Ad] Address: Departamento de Cirugía Vascular y Endovascular, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chil. [Ti] Title: Tratamiento endovascular de fístula aorto esofágica secundaria a cáncer de esófago: Caso clínico. [Endovascular treatment of aorto-esophageal fistula due to esophageal cancer: Report of one case]. [So] Source: Rev Med Chil;141(2):264-7, 2013 Feb. [Is] ISSN: 0717-6163 [Cp] Country of publication: Chile [La] Language: spa [Ab] Abstract: Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can spread locally to neighboring organs in the mediastinum. When it invades the aorta, the patient may develop an aorto esophageal fistula (AEF), complication that carries a high mortality rate. We report a 62-year-old male with stage IV esophageal carcinoma who, after chemo radiation treatment, developed an AEF. He was successfully treated with the use of an aortic endograft. The patient died 13 months later due to progression of his cancer, without evidence of sepsis or new bleeding episodes. [Pt] Publication type: ENGLISH ABSTRACT; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1306 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review

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[PMID]: 23732416 [Au] Autor: Zett-Lobos C; Vera-Muñoz F; Arriola-Alvarez K; Díaz-Ramos O; Gamarra J; Fernández-Palomo C; Merello L; Mora AD; Gutierrez A; Catalán-Reyes M; Ramos-Avasola S [Ad] Address: Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile. [Ti] Title: ¿Es suficiente la protección otorgada por gafas plomadas en cardiología intervencionista? [Protection against ionizing radiation by leaded glass googles during interventional cardiology]. [So] Source: Rev Med Chil;141(1):63-9, 2013 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 0717-6163 [Cp] Country of publication: Chile [La] Language: spa [Ab] Abstract: Background: It is not known whether leaded glass goggles with 0.25 mm Pb equivalency, used in interventional cardiology procedures, attenuate radiation below the levels established by the latest recommendation of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Aim: To assess ifthe degree of attenuation of the secondary ionizing radiation achieved by the use of 0.25 mm Pb leaded glass goggles, in occupationally exposed workers in interventional cardiology procedures, meets the latest ICRP recommendations. Material and Methods: A prospective investigation was carried out to compare the eye exposure to secondary ionizing radiation received by occupationally exposed personnel in a 9 months period. A set of two thermo luminescent dosimeters was arranged in the front and back of leaded glass goggles in a cohort ofseven members of an interventional cardiology service, exposed to 1057 consecutive procedures. Results: The monthly dose equivalent measurement performed in front ofthe goggles ranged between 1.1 and 6.5 mSv, for paramedics and interventional cardiologists. The radiation measured in the back of the glass varied between 0.66 and 2.75 mSv, respectively. The degree of attenuation of the dose at eye level ranged from 40% to 57.7%, respectively. The projected annual exposure would reach 33 mSvfor the interventional cardiologist. Conclusions: With a similar load ofwork and wearing 0.25 mm Pb equivalent glass goggles, interventional cardiologists will exceed the crystalline equivalent dose limit recommended by the ICRP (20 mSv/year averaged over the past 5 years). [Pt] Publication type: ENGLISH ABSTRACT; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1306 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review

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[PMID]: 23235799 [Au] Autor: Oliveira LC; Gottlieb I; Rizzi P; Lopes RT; Kodlulovich S [Ad] Address: Laboratório de Instrumentação Nuclear (LIN/COPPE/UFRJ), Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco I, Sala 133 Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro (RJ) CEP 21949-900, Brasil. [Ti] Title: Radiation dose in cardiac CT angiography: protocols and image quality. [So] Source: Radiat Prot Dosimetry;155(1):73-80, 2013. [Is] ISSN: 1742-3406 [Cp] Country of publication: England [La] Language: eng [Ab] Abstract: This paper aims to evaluate the radiation dose exposure of patients submitted to cardiac computed tomography angiography. The effective dose was obtained from the product of dose-length product values and the conversion factor established in the European Working Group for Guidelines on Quality Criteria in CT. The image noise and contrast- and signal-to-noise ratios were obtained for all images. Sixty-four- and 256-slice CT angiographies were used in 211 (68.5 %) and 97 (31.5 %) patients, respectively. The calculated mean effective dose with prospective CT angiography was 6.0±1.0 mSv and the retrospective mode was 8.4±1.2 mSv. The mean image noise values were 38.5±9.5 and 21.4 ± 5.3 for prospective and retrospective modes, respectively. It was observed that the image noise increased by 44.4 % using a prospective mode. Prospective CT angiography reduces radiation dose by ∼29 % compared with the retrospective mode, while maintaining diagnostic image quality and the ability to assess obstructions in patients. [Pt] Publication type: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Entry month: 1306 [Js] Journal subset: IM [St] Status: In-Data-Review [do] DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncs313

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