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[PMID]: 28862640 [Au] Autor: Louveau A; Plog BA; Antila S; Alitalo K; Nedergaard M; Kipnis J [Ad] Endereço: Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. [Ti] Título: Understanding the functions and relationships of the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatics. [So] Source: J Clin Invest;127(9):3210-3219, 2017 Sep 01. [Is] ISSN: 1558-8238 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Recent discoveries of the glymphatic system and of meningeal lymphatic vessels have generated a lot of excitement, along with some degree of skepticism. Here, we summarize the state of the field and point out the gaps of knowledge that should be filled through further research. We discuss the glymphatic system as a system that allows CNS perfusion by the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid (ISF). We also describe the recently characterized meningeal lymphatic vessels and their role in drainage of the brain ISF, CSF, CNS-derived molecules, and immune cells from the CNS and meninges to the peripheral (CNS-draining) lymph nodes. We speculate on the relationship between the two systems and their malfunction that may underlie some neurological diseases. Although much remains to be investigated, these new discoveries have changed our understanding of mechanisms underlying CNS immune privilege and CNS drainage. Future studies should explore the communications between the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatics in CNS disorders and develop new therapeutic modalities targeting these systems. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Sistema Linfático/fisiologia Vasos Linfáticos/fisiologia Meninges/fisiologia Neuroglia/fisiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Doença de Alzheimer/patologia Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo Animais Encéfalo/fisiologia Sistema Nervoso Central/imunologia Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/patologia Dura-Máter/metabolismo Líquido Extracelular Seres Humanos Sistema Imunitário Linfonodos Sistema Linfático/fisiopatologia Meninges/fisiopatologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Amyloid beta-Peptides) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171024 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171024 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170902 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28854093 [Au] Autor: Desai S; Glasier C [Ad] Endereço: University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR sdesai@uams.edu. [Ti] Título: Sturge-Weber Syndrome. [So] Source: N Engl J Med;377(9):e11, 2017 Aug 31. [Is] ISSN: 1533-4406 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem Síndrome de Sturge-Weber/diagnóstico por imagem [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Encéfalo/patologia Criança Feminino Seres Humanos Imagem por Ressonância Magnética Meninges/irrigação sanguínea Meninges/diagnóstico por imagem Síndrome de Sturge-Weber/patologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: CASE REPORTS; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170906 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170906 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170831 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm1700538

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[PMID]: 28784295 [Au] Autor: Suter TACS; DeLoughery ZJ; Jaworski A [Ad] Endereço: Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States. [Ti] Título: Meninges-derived cues control axon guidance. [So] Source: Dev Biol;430(1):1-10, 2017 10 01. [Is] ISSN: 1095-564X [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The axons of developing neurons travel long distances along stereotyped pathways under the direction of extracellular cues sensed by the axonal growth cone. Guidance cues are either secreted proteins that diffuse freely or bind the extracellular matrix, or membrane-anchored proteins. Different populations of axons express distinct sets of receptors for guidance cues, which results in differential responses to specific ligands. The full repertoire of axon guidance cues and receptors and the identity of the tissues producing these cues remain to be elucidated. The meninges are connective tissue layers enveloping the vertebrate brain and spinal cord that serve to protect the central nervous system (CNS). The meninges also instruct nervous system development by regulating the generation and migration of neural progenitors, but it has not been determined whether they help guide axons to their targets. Here, we investigate a possible role for the meninges in neuronal wiring. Using mouse neural tissue explants, we show that developing spinal cord meninges produce secreted attractive and repulsive cues that can guide multiple types of axons in vitro. We find that motor and sensory neurons, which project axons across the CNS-peripheral nervous system (PNS) boundary, are attracted by meninges. Conversely, axons of both ipsi- and contralaterally projecting dorsal spinal cord interneurons are repelled by meninges. The responses of these axonal populations to the meninges are consistent with their trajectories relative to meninges in vivo, suggesting that meningeal guidance factors contribute to nervous system wiring and control which axons are able to traverse the CNS-PNS boundary. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Orientação de Axônios Sinais (Psicologia) Meninges/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Axônios/metabolismo Interneurônios/metabolismo Camundongos Transgênicos Neurônios Motores/metabolismo Medula Espinal/crescimento & desenvolvimento Medula Espinal/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, N.I.H., EXTRAMURAL [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171111 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171111 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170809 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28686125 [Au] Autor: Scala M; Morana G; Milanaccio C; Pavanello M; Nozza P; Garrè ML [Ad] Endereço: Neuro-Oncology Unit. [Ti] Título: Atypical choroid plexus papilloma: spontaneous resolution of diffuse leptomeningeal contrast enhancement after primary tumor removal in 2 pediatric cases. [So] Source: J Neurosurg Pediatr;20(3):284-288, 2017 Sep. [Is] ISSN: 1933-0715 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Atypical choroid plexus papillomas can metastasize in the form of leptomeningeal seeding. Postoperative chemotherapy is the recommended first-line treatment when gross-total removal is not achieved or in cases of disseminated disease. Here the authors report on 2 children with atypical choroid plexus papillomas and MRI findings of diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement at diagnosis, later presenting with spontaneous resolution of the leptomeningeal involvement after removal of the primary lesions. Observations in this report expand our knowledge about the natural history and biological behavior of these tumors and highlight the role of close neuroimaging surveillance in the management of atypical choroid plexus papillomas in cases with MRI evidence of diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement at presentation. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Neoplasias Meníngeas/diagnóstico por imagem Meninges/diagnóstico por imagem Papiloma do Plexo Corióideo/diagnóstico por imagem Papiloma do Plexo Corióideo/cirurgia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Meios de Contraste Gadolínio Seres Humanos Lactente Imagem por Ressonância Magnética Masculino [Pt] Tipo de publicação: CASE REPORTS; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Contrast Media); AU0V1LM3JT (Gadolinium) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170919 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170919 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170708 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.3171/2017.2.PEDS16526

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[PMID]: 28636961 [Au] Autor: Herz J; Filiano AJ; Smith A; Yogev N; Kipnis J [Ad] Endereço: Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. [Ti] Título: Myeloid Cells in the Central Nervous System. [So] Source: Immunity;46(6):943-956, 2017 Jun 20. [Is] ISSN: 1097-4180 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The central nervous system (CNS) and its meningeal coverings accommodate a diverse myeloid compartment that includes parenchymal microglia and perivascular macrophages, as well as choroid plexus and meningeal macrophages, dendritic cells, and granulocytes. These myeloid populations enjoy an intimate relationship with the CNS, where they play an essential role in both health and disease. Although the importance of these cells is clearly recognized, their exact function in the CNS continues to be explored. Here, we review the subsets of myeloid cells that inhabit the parenchyma, meninges, and choroid plexus and discuss their roles in CNS homeostasis. We also discuss the role of these cells in various neurological pathologies, such as autoimmunity, mechanical injury, neurodegeneration, and infection. We highlight the neuroprotective nature of certain myeloid cells by emphasizing their therapeutic potential for the treatment of neurological conditions. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Doenças Autoimunes/imunologia Plexo Corióideo/imunologia Infecção/imunologia Células Mieloides/fisiologia Doenças Neurodegenerativas/imunologia Neuroimunomodulação Ferimentos e Lesões/imunologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Sistema Nervoso Central Seres Humanos Meninges/imunologia Neuroproteção [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171027 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171027 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170622 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28592756 [Au] Autor: Hatsuse M; Fuchida SI; Okano A; Murakami S; Shimazaki C [Ad] Endereço: Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization, Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center. [Ti] Título: CEA-producing multiple myeloma with meningeal invasion during relapse. [So] Source: Rinsho Ketsueki;58(5):438-442, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 0485-1439 [Cp] País de publicação: Japan [La] Idioma: jpn [Ab] Resumo: Here we describe the case of a 62-year-old woman diagnosed with multiple myeloma (IgA-κ type) who had a high serum CEA level of 27.7 ng/ml. Upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy and PET/CT scan showed no abnormality. After two courses of VAD therapy, the serum CEA level decreased to 5.7 ng/ml, with a decrease in the IgA level, suggesting the diagnosis of CEA-producing myeloma. After 4 years and 1 month, she had a relapse with an increase in the LDH level and myeloma cells in the blood, followed by cognitive loss and convulsion. She died 1 month after the onset of neurological symptoms. Several myeloma cells were detected in the cerebral spinal fluid, which suggested the diagnosis of myelomatous meningitis. Myelomatous meningitis is a rare disease and accounts for 1% of all myelomas. This is the fourth reported case of CEA-producing myeloma. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antígeno Carcinoembrionário/sangue Meninges/patologia Mieloma Múltiplo/química [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Evolução Fatal Feminino Seres Humanos Meia-Idade Mieloma Múltiplo/patologia Invasividade Neoplásica Recidiva [Pt] Tipo de publicação: CASE REPORTS; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Carcinoembryonic Antigen) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1711 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171108 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171108 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170609 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.11406/rinketsu.58.438

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[PMID]: 28552866 [Au] Autor: Hayashi S; Akao N; Okamoto K [Ad] Endereço: Department of Neurology, Gunma Rehabilitation Hospital. [Ti] Título: Meningeal plasma cell granuloma in the early stage of relapsing polychondritis. [So] Source: Rinsho Shinkeigaku;57(6):280-286, 2017 06 28. [Is] ISSN: 1882-0654 [Cp] País de publicação: Japan [La] Idioma: jpn [Ab] Resumo: A 77-year-old man showed an asymptomatic meningeal lesion beneath the dura matter in the left fronto-parietal region on MRI during an examination for recurrent hoarsness. The lesion showed no gadolinium enhancement, and extended to neither the sulci nor skull. Neurological examinations revealed hoarseness, cochlear and vestibular dysfunction of the right ear, and mildly decreased Achilles tendon reflexes bilaterally. Laboratory findings showed marked inflammatory responses, but no abnormalities for LDH, IgG4, angiotensin-converting enzyme, or soluble IL-2 receptor. There was no serum monoclonal protein. Autoantibody panels in the serum were unremarkable except for an elevation of anti-type II collagen antibodies to a borderline value. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis disclosed an elevated protein concentration (152 mg/dl) and IgG index (1.41) with normal cell counts, negative results for bacterial/tubercular infection, and a normal cytology. F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography showed increased uptake in the left frontal region (Max SUV: 7.54). Swelling of the vocal cord, arytenoid cartilage, false vocal cord, and vocal cord palsy on the right side were seen on laryngoscopy, all of which were ameliorated by dexamethasone administration. A meningeal biopsy contained the dura matter and arachnoid, in which a granulation composed of massive mature plasma cells with many Russel bodies, accompanied by occasional lymphocytes and histiocytes were observed. Three months after the biopsy, he developed bilateral auricular chondritis and conjunctivitis. Based on these findings, we diagnosed him with relapsing polychondritis (RP). Prednisolone administration (40 mg/day) improved the chondritis and meningeal lesion. Central nervous system involvement is rare in patients with RP, and meningeal complications, such as aseptic meningitis or pachymeningitis, are mostly observed after the diagnosis of RP. However, due to its rarity, it still remains to be clarified whether a similar pathogenesis of meningeal complications underlies RP. The present case is indicative in that predominant meningeal granuloma arose during chondritis of several portions that had gradually developed, which suggests that meningeal complications could be derived from RP. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/etiologia Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/etiologia Policondrite Recidivante/etiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Idoso Biomarcadores/sangue Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/diagnóstico Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/tratamento farmacológico Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/patologia Dexametasona/administração & dosagem Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética Cartilagem da Orelha/patologia Glucocorticoides/administração & dosagem Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/diagnóstico Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/tratamento farmacológico Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/patologia Seres Humanos Masculino Meninges/patologia Neuroimagem Policondrite Recidivante/diagnóstico Policondrite Recidivante/tratamento farmacológico Policondrite Recidivante/patologia Tomografia Computadorizada com Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons Resultado do Tratamento [Pt] Tipo de publicação: CASE REPORTS; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Glucocorticoids); 7S5I7G3JQL (Dexamethasone) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171012 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171012 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170530 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-000975

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[PMID]: 28389591 [Au] Autor: O'Brien CA; Overall C; Konradt C; O'Hara Hall AC; Hayes NW; Wagage S; John B; Christian DA; Hunter CA; Harris TH [Ad] Endereço: Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and. [Ti] Título: CD11c-Expressing Cells Affect Regulatory T Cell Behavior in the Meninges during Central Nervous System Infection. [So] Source: J Immunol;198(10):4054-4061, 2017 May 15. [Is] ISSN: 1550-6606 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in the CNS during multiple infections, as well as autoimmune inflammation, but the behavior of this cell type in the CNS has not been explored. In mice, infection with leads to a Th1-polarized parasite-specific effector T cell response in the brain. Similarly, Tregs in the CNS during infection are Th1 polarized, as exemplified by their T-bet, CXCR3, and IFN-γ expression. Unlike effector CD4 T cells, an MHC class II tetramer reagent specific for did not recognize Tregs isolated from the CNS. Likewise, TCR sequencing revealed minimal overlap in TCR sequence between effector T cells and Tregs in the CNS. Whereas effector T cells are found in the brain parenchyma where parasites are present, Tregs were restricted to the meninges and perivascular spaces. The use of intravital imaging revealed that activated CD4 T cells within the meninges were highly migratory, whereas Tregs moved more slowly and were found in close association with CD11c cells. To test whether the behavior of Tregs in the meninges is influenced by interactions with CD11c cells, mice were treated with anti-LFA-1 Abs to reduce the number of CD11c cells in this space. The anti-LFA-1 treatment led to fewer contacts between Tregs and the remaining CD11c cells and increased the speed of Treg migration. These data suggest that Tregs are anatomically restricted within the CNS, and their interaction with CD11c populations regulates their local behavior during infection. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antígeno CD11c/imunologia Meninges/imunologia Linfócitos T Reguladores/fisiologia Toxoplasmose Cerebral/imunologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Antígeno CD11c/genética Antígeno CD11c/metabolismo Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia Movimento Celular Microscopia Intravital Ativação Linfocitária Camundongos Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T/química Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T/imunologia Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologia Células Th1/imunologia Toxoplasma/imunologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (CD11c Antigen); 0 (Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171116 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171116 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170409 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601581

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[PMID]: 28375660 [Au] Autor: Jeevanandham B; Kalyanpur T; Gupta P; Cherian M [Ad] Endereço: Department of Radiology, Kovai Medical Centre and Hospital, Coimbatore, India. [Ti] Título: Comparison of post-contrast 3D-T -MPRAGE, 3D-T -SPACE and 3D-T -FLAIR MR images in evaluation of meningeal abnormalities at 3-T MRI. [So] Source: Br J Radiol;90(1074):20160834, 2017 Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1748-880X [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVE: This study was to assess the usefulness of newer three-dimensional (3D)-T sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip-angle evolutions (SPACE) and 3D-T fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences in evaluation of meningeal abnormalities. METHODS: 78 patients who presented with high suspicion of meningeal abnormalities were evaluated using post-contrast 3D-T -FLAIR, 3D-T magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo (MPRAGE) and 3D-T -SPACE sequences. The images were evaluated independently by two radiologists for cortical gyral, sulcal space, basal cisterns and dural enhancement. The diagnoses were confirmed by further investigations including histopathology. RESULTS: Post-contrast 3D-T -SPACE and 3D-T -FLAIR images yielded significantly more information than MPRAGE images (p < 0.05 for both SPACE and FLAIR images) in detection of meningeal abnormalities. SPACE images best demonstrated abnormalities in dural and sulcal spaces, whereas FLAIR was useful for basal cisterns enhancement. Both SPACE and FLAIR performed equally well in detection of gyral enhancement. In all 10 patients, where both SPACE and T -FLAIR images failed to demonstrate any abnormality, further analysis was also negative. CONCLUSION: The 3D-T -SPACE sequence best demonstrated abnormalities in dural and sulcal spaces, whereas FLAIR was useful for abnormalities in basal cisterns. Both SPACE and FLAIR performed holds good for detection of gyral enhancement. Post-contrast SPACE and FLAIR sequences are superior to the MPRAGE sequence for evaluation of meningeal abnormalities and when used in combination have the maximum sensitivity for leptomeningeal abnormalities. The negative-predictive value is nearly 100%, where no leptomeningeal abnormality was detected on these sequences. Advances in knowledge: Post-contrast 3D-T -SPACE and 3D-T -FLAIR images are more useful than 3D-T -MPRAGE images in evaluation of meningeal abnormalities. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Imagem Tridimensional Imagem por Ressonância Magnética/métodos Meninges/diagnóstico por imagem Meninges/patologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adolescente Adulto Criança Meios de Contraste Feminino Seres Humanos Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador Índia Masculino Meia-Idade Estudos Prospectivos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: COMPARATIVE STUDY; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Contrast Media) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1706 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170924 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170924 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170405 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20160834

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[PMID]: 28283598 [Au] Autor: Absinta M; Cortese IC; Vuolo L; Nair G; de Alwis MP; Ohayon J; Meani A; Martinelli V; Scotti R; Falini A; Smith BR; Nath A; Jacobson S; Filippi M; Reich DS [Ad] Endereço: From the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscien [Ti] Título: Leptomeningeal gadolinium enhancement across the spectrum of chronic neuroinflammatory diseases. [So] Source: Neurology;88(15):1439-1444, 2017 Apr 11. [Is] ISSN: 1526-632X [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and the specificity of leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) on postcontrast T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI in multiple sclerosis (MS) compared to a variety of inflammatory and noninflammatory neurologic conditions assessed in 2 academic research hospitals. METHODS: On 3T postcontrast T2-FLAIR images, the presence of focal gadolinium enhancement was evaluated in the leptomeningeal compartment in 254 people with non-MS neurologic conditions or neurotropic viral infections. Based on their clinical diagnosis, patients were grouped as follows: (1) other-than-MS inflammatory neurologic diseases; (2) noninflammatory neurologic diseases; (3) human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-infected; (4) HIV-infected; (5) healthy volunteers. RESULTS: LME was detected in 56/254 non-MS cases (22%) vs 74/299 (25%) of MS cases. LME was nearly 4-fold more frequent in non-MS inflammatory neurologic conditions (18/51 cases, 35%) than in noninflammatory neurologic conditions (3/38, 8%) and healthy volunteers (5/66, 8%). The highest prevalence of LME was detected in HTLV infection (17/38 cases, 45%), particularly in the setting of HTLV-associated myelopathy (14/25 cases, 56%). LME also frequently occurred in HIV infection (13/61 cases, 21%). Unlike in MS, LME is not associated with lower brain and cortical volumes in non-MS inflammatory neurologic conditions, including HTLV and HIV infection. CONCLUSIONS: Despite its relevance to MS pathogenesis and cortical pathology, LME is not specific to MS, occurring frequently in non-MS inflammatory neurologic conditions and especially in those patients with HTLV-associated myelopathy. Overall, this strengthens the notion that LME localizes inflammation-related focal disruption of the blood-meninges barrier and associated scarring. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Encefalite/diagnóstico por imagem Encefalite/patologia Gadolínio/metabolismo Imagem por Ressonância Magnética Meninges/diagnóstico por imagem [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Idoso Estudos de Coortes Estudos Transversais Encefalite/líquido cefalorraquidiano Feminino Infecções por HIV/líquido cefalorraquidiano Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico por imagem Seres Humanos Imagem Tridimensional Contagem de Leucócitos Modelos Lineares Masculino Meia-Idade Esclerose Múltipla Recidivante-Remitente/líquido cefalorraquidiano Esclerose Múltipla Recidivante-Remitente/diagnóstico por imagem Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/líquido cefalorraquidiano Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/diagnóstico por imagem Bandas Oligoclonais/líquido cefalorraquidiano Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; MULTICENTER STUDY [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Oligoclonal Bands); AU0V1LM3JT (Gadolinium) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1705 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170523 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170523 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170312 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003820

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