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[PMID]: 29274217 [Au] Autor: Szymczak J; Kozlowska J; Doligalska M [Ad] Endereço: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, ul. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland [Ti] Título: Evaluation of inhibitory effect of redox-active antimalarial drug against Babesia microti in mice [So] Source: Ann Parasitol;63(3):223­227, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 2299-0631 [Cp] País de publicação: Poland [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Babesiosis is an emerging, tick-transmitted disease caused by the intraerythrocytic parasite Babesia microti. In immunocompetent individuals, B. microti infection quickly resolves after antibabesial treatment. Immunocompromised patients and those of advanced age experience chronic and relapsing babesiosis, accompanied by severe complications and often, a fatal outcome. In these individuals, B. microti infection may persist despite multiple courses of treatment with antiprotozoal drugs. The increasing incidence of human babesiosis caused by B. microti, coupled with a growing number of immunosuppressed people who do not respond to standard antibabesial therapy, emphasises the need for new therapeutics for this protozoan infection with more effective mechanisms of action. Plasmodione, namely 3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-menadione, acts as a redox cycler and disrupts the redox homeostasis of Plasmodium-infected erythrocytes. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential inhibitory effect of this novel antimalarial compound against intraerythrocytic stages of B. microti in mice. Our results demonstrate that plasmodione did not reduce the level of parasitemia in B. microti-infected mice, indicating that interfering with the parasite redox balance is not an effective strategy to restrict the division of this protozoan. The mechanism of parasite resistance to plasmodione may be based on the differences in the oxidative metabolisms of Babesia and Plasmodium parasites inside infected erythrocytes. The significance of our results is discussed in relation to the development of novel antibabesial drugs based on redox-active benzylmenadiones. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antimaláricos/uso terapêutico Babesia microti Babesiose/tratamento farmacológico Vitamina K 3/análogos & derivados [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Antimaláricos/farmacologia Babesiose/parasitologia Camundongos Oxirredução Vitamina K 3/uso terapêutico [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (3-(4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)menadione); 0 (Antimalarials); 723JX6CXY5 (Vitamin K 3) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180305 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180305 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171224 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.17420/ap6303.109

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[PMID]: 28453188 [Au] Autor: Moritz ED; Tonnetti L; Hewins ME; Berardi VP; Dodd RY; Stramer SL [Ad] Endereço: Scientific Affairs Department, American Red Cross, Gaithersburg, Maryland. [Ti] Título: Description of 15 DNA-positive and antibody-negative "window-period" blood donations identified during prospective screening for Babesia microti. [So] Source: Transfusion;57(7):1781-1786, 2017 07. [Is] ISSN: 1537-2995 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Blood donation screening detecting only antibodies fails to identify donors in the earliest stage of infection, before a detectable immunologic response, that is, the "window period" (WP). We present data on WP donations identified during prospective screening for Babesia microti, a transfusion-transmissible parasite of increasing concern in the United States. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood donations collected in Connecticut, Massachusetts, Minnesota, and Wisconsin were screened using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and arrayed fluorescence immunoassay (AFIA) to detect B. microti DNA and antibodies, respectively. Parasite loads were estimated using quantitative PCR. Red blood cell (RBC) samples were inoculated into hamsters to assess infectivity. Donors screening reactive were indefinitely deferred, tested by supplemental methods, and followed to assess DNA and antibody clearance. Demographic data from WP donors (i.e., those screening PCR positive and AFIA negative) were compared to data from other positive donors. RESULTS: Of 220,479 donations screened from June 2012 to August 2016, a total of 700 were positive, of which 15 (2% of positive donations or 1 per 14,699 screened donations) were confirmed WP donations. The median estimated parasite load in WP donations was 350 parasites/mL, no different than AFIA-positive and PCR-positive donors. Parasite loads in RBC samples from WP units ranged from 14 to 11,022 parasites/mL; RBC samples from three of 10 (30%) WP donations infected hamsters. The mean age of WP donors was 48 years (range, 17-75 years); three (20%) were female. WP donor demographics did not differ significantly from demographics of other donors. CONCLUSIONS: We report one per 15,000 B. microti WP infections in blood donors in endemic areas, demonstrating the importance of nucleic acid testing to mitigate the risk of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue Babesia microti/isolamento & purificação Doadores de Sangue DNA de Protozoário/sangue [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adolescente Adulto Idoso Babesia microti/genética Babesia microti/imunologia Feminino Imunofluorescência Seres Humanos Masculino Meia-Idade Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Estudos Prospectivos Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Antibodies, Protozoan); 0 (DNA, Protozoan) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180305 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180305 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170429 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1111/trf.14103

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[PMID]: 28766838 [Au] Autor: Karkoska K; Louie J; Appiah-Kubi AO; Wolfe L; Rubin L; Rajan S; Aygun B [Ad] Endereço: Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, New Hyde Park, New York. [Ti] Título: Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis leading to severe hemolysis in two patients with sickle cell anemia. [So] Source: Pediatr Blood Cancer;65(1), 2018 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1545-5017 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The intracellular parasites Babesia microti and Babesia duncani can be transmitted by blood transfusion and cause severe life-threatening hemolytic anemia in high-risk patients, including those with sickle cell disease. The rarity of the diagnosis, as well as its similar clinical presentation to delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction, may lead to a delay in diagnosis, as well as inappropriate treatment with steroids or other immunosuppressive agents. The morbidity caused by this disease in especially vulnerable populations justifies the need for a universal blood-screening program in endemic areas. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Anemia Falciforme/terapia Babesia microti Babesiose Transfusão de Sangue [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Babesiose/diagnóstico Babesiose/terapia Babesiose/transmissão Criança Feminino Seres Humanos Masculino [Pt] Tipo de publicação: CASE REPORTS; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1711 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171129 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171129 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170803 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26734

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[PMID]: 29040286 [Au] Autor: Mousa AA; Roche DB; Terkawi MA; Kameyama K; Kamyingkird K; Vudriko P; Salama A; Cao S; Orabi S; Khalifa H; Ahmed M; Attia M; Elkirdasy A; Nishikawa Y; Xuan X; Cornillot E [Ad] Endereço: Institut de Biologie Computationnelle (IBC), LIRMM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [Ti] Título: Human babesiosis: Indication of a molecular mimicry between thrombospondin domains from a novel Babesia microti BmP53 protein and host platelets molecules. [So] Source: PLoS One;12(10):e0185372, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Human babesiosis is caused by the apicomplexan parasite Babesia microti, which is of major public health concern in the United States and elsewhere, resulting in malaise and fatigue, followed by a fever and hemolytic anemia. In this paper we focus on the characterization of a novel B. microti thrombospondin domain (TSP1)-containing protein (BmP53) from the new annotation of the B. microti genome (locus 'BmR1_04g09041'). This novel protein (BmP53) had a single TSP1 and a transmembrane domain, with a short cytoplasmic tail containing a sub-terminal glutamine residue, but no signal peptide and Von Willebrand factor type A domains (VWA), which are found in classical thrombospondin-related adhesive proteins (TRAP). Co-localization assays of BmP53 and Babesia microti secreted antigen 1 (BmSA1) suggested that BmP53 might be a non-secretory membranous protein. Molecular mimicry between the TSP1 domain from BmP53 and host platelets molecules was indicated through different measures of sequence homology, phylogenetic analysis, 3D structure and shared epitopes. Indeed, hamster isolated platelets cross-reacted with mouse anti-BmP53-TSP1. Molecular mimicry are used to help parasites to escape immune defenses, resulting in immune evasion or autoimmunity. Furthermore, specific host reactivity was also detected against the TSP1-free part of BmP53 in infected hamster sera. In conclusion, the TSP1 domain mimicry might help in studying the mechanisms of parasite-induced thrombocytopenia, with the TSP1-free truncate of the protein representing a potential safe candidate for future vaccine studies. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antígenos de Protozoários/imunologia Babesia microti/imunologia Babesiose/parasitologia Plaquetas/parasitologia Evasão da Resposta Imune Proteínas de Protozoários/imunologia Trombospondina 1/imunologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Sequência de Aminoácidos Animais Antígenos de Protozoários/química Antígenos de Protozoários/genética Babesia microti/genética Babesia microti/isolamento & purificação Babesiose/imunologia Sítios de Ligação Clonagem Molecular Cricetulus Eritrócitos/parasitologia Escherichia coli/genética Escherichia coli/metabolismo Expressão Gênica Glutationa Transferase/genética Glutationa Transferase/metabolismo Seres Humanos Camundongos Modelos Moleculares Mimetismo Molecular Ligação Proteica Domínios e Motivos de Interação entre Proteínas Estrutura Secundária de Proteína Proteínas de Protozoários/química Proteínas de Protozoários/genética Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/química Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/genética Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/imunologia Alinhamento de Sequência Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos Trombospondina 1/química Trombospondina 1/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Antigens, Protozoan); 0 (Protozoan Proteins); 0 (Recombinant Fusion Proteins); 0 (Thrombospondin 1); EC 2.5.1.18 (Glutathione Transferase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171031 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171031 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171018 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185372

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[PMID]: 28872685 [Au] Autor: Tonnetti L; Laughhunn A; Thorp AM; Vasilyeva I; Dupuis K; Stassinopoulos A; Stramer SL [Ad] Endereço: Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross Holland Laboratory, Rockville, Maryland. [Ti] Título: Inactivation of Babesia microti in red blood cells and platelet concentrates. [So] Source: Transfusion;57(10):2404-2412, 2017 Oct. [Is] ISSN: 1537-2995 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: With an increasing number of recognized transfusion-transmitted (TT) babesiosis cases, Babesia microti is the most frequently TT parasite in the United States. We evaluated the inactivation of B. microti in red blood cells (RBCs) prepared in Optisol (AS-5) using amustaline and glutathione (GSH) and in platelet components (PCs) in 100% plasma using amotosalen and low-energy ultraviolet A (UVA) light. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Individual RBCs and apheresis PCs were spiked with B. microti-infected hamster RBCs (iRBCs) to a final concentration of 10 iRBCs/mL and treated with the respective inactivation systems according to the manufacturer's instruction. Samples were collected before (control) and after (test) each treatment. Dilutions of the control samples to 10 were inoculated into hamsters, while the test samples were inoculated neat or at 10 dilution. At 3 and 5 weeks postinoculation, hamsters were evaluated for B. microti infection by microscopic observation of blood smears and 50% infectivity titers (ID ) were determined. Log reduction was calculated as control log ID minus test log ID . RESULTS: Parasitemia was detected in hamsters injected with as low as 100,000-fold diluted control samples, while no parasites were detectable in the blood smears of any hamsters receiving neat test samples. Mean log reduction was more than 5 log/mL by amustaline/GSH for RBCs and more than 4.5 log/mL by amotosalen/UVA for PCs. CONCLUSION: B. microti was inactivated to the limit of detection in RBCs and PCs after the respective inactivation treatment. Complete inactivation of B. microti was achieved in this animal infectivity model, and pathogen reduction treatment inhibited transmission of infection. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Babesia microti Babesiose/transmissão Plaquetas/parasitologia Desinfecção/métodos Eritrócitos/parasitologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Babesiose/prevenção & controle Cricetinae Furocumarinas Glutationa Raios Ultravioleta [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Furocoumarins); GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione); K1LDZ0VBC0 (amotosalen) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171023 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171023 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170906 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1111/trf.14280

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[PMID]: 28803569 [Au] Autor: Chen XR; Ye LI; Fan JW; Li C; Tang F; Liu W; Ren LZ; Bai JY [Ad] Endereço: Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering,College of Animal Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun,P. R. China. [Ti] Título: Detection of Kobe-type and Otsu-type Babesia microti in wild rodents in China's Yunnan province. [So] Source: Epidemiol Infect;145(13):2704-2710, 2017 10. [Is] ISSN: 1469-4409 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Babesiosis is an emerging tick-transmitted zoonosis prevalent in large parts of the world. This study was designed to determine the rates of Babesia microti infection among small rodents in Yunnan province, where human cases of babesiosis have been reported. Currently, distribution of Babesia in its endemic regions is largely unknown. In this study, we cataloged 1672 small wild rodents, comprising 4 orders, from nine areas in western Yunnan province between 2009 and 2011. Babesia microti DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction in 4·3% (72/1672) of the rodents analyzed. The most frequently infected rodent species included Apodemus chevrieri and Niviventer fulvescens. Rodents from forests and shrublands had significantly higher Babesia infection rates. Genetic comparisons revealed that Babesia was most similar to the Kobe- and Otsu-type strains identified in Japan. A variety of rodent species might be involved in the enzootic maintenance and transmission of B. microti, supporting the need for further serological investigations in humans. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Babesia microti/isolamento & purificação Babesiose/epidemiologia Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Babesia microti/genética Babesiose/diagnóstico Babesiose/parasitologia China/epidemiologia Filogenia Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária RNA de Protozoário/genética RNA Ribossômico 18S/genética Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologia Análise de Sequência de RNA/veterinária [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (RNA, Protozoan); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 18S) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171125 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171125 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170815 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1017/S0950268817001686

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[PMID]: 28683059 [Au] Autor: Stein E; Elbadawi LI; Kazmierczak J; Davis JP [Ti] Título: Babesiosis Surveillance - Wisconsin, 2001-2015. [So] Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep;66(26):687-691, 2017 Jul 07. [Is] ISSN: 1545-861X [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Babesiosis is an emerging zoonotic disease caused primarily by Babesia microti, an intraerythocytic protozoan. Babesia microti, like the causal agents for Lyme disease and anaplasmosis, is endemic to the northeastern and upper midwestern United States where it is usually transmitted by the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis. Although babesiosis is usually a mild to moderate illness, older or immunocompromised persons can develop a serious malaria-like illness that can be fatal without prompt treatment. The most common initial clinical signs and symptoms of babesiosis (fever, fatigue, chills, and diaphoresis) are nonspecific and present diagnostic challenges that can contribute to delays in diagnosis and effective treatment with atovaquone and azithromycin (1). Results of one study revealed a mean delay of 12-14 days from symptom onset to treatment (2). Knowledge of the incidence and geographic distribution of babesiosis can raise the index of clinical suspicion and facilitate more prompt diagnosis and lifesaving treatment (1). The first known case of babesiosis in Wisconsin was detected in 1985 (3), and babesiosis became officially reportable in the state in 2001. Wisconsin babesiosis surveillance data for 2001-2015 were analyzed in 3-year intervals to compare demographic, epidemiologic, and laboratory features among patients with cases of reported babesiosis. To determine possible reasons for an increase in reported Babesia infection, trends in electronic laboratory reporting and diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction testing (PCR) were examined. Between the first and last 3-year analysis intervals, there was a 26-fold increase in the incidence of confirmed babesiosis, in addition to geographic expansion. These trends might be generalizable to other states with endemic disease, similar suburbanization and forest fragmentation patterns, and warming average temperatures (4). Accurate surveillance in states where babesiosis is endemic is necessary to estimate the increasing burden of babesiosis and other tickborne diseases and to develop appropriate public health interventions for prevention and practice. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Babesiose/diagnóstico Babesiose/epidemiologia Vigilância da População [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adolescente Adulto Idoso Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais Babesia microti/isolamento & purificação Criança Sistemas de Informação em Laboratório Clínico/tendências Registros Eletrônicos de Saúde/tendências Feminino Seres Humanos Incidência Masculino Meia-Idade Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Wisconsin/epidemiologia Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1707 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170713 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170713 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170707 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6626a2

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[PMID]: 28607116 [Au] Autor: Skariah S; Arnaboldi P; Dattwyler RJ; Sultan AA; Gaylets C; Walwyn O; Mulhall H; Wu X; Dargham SR; Mordue DG [Ad] Endereço: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation - Education City, Doha, Qatar. [Ti] Título: Elimination of Is Dependent on Intraerythrocytic Killing and CD4 T Cells. [So] Source: J Immunol;199(2):633-642, 2017 Jul 15. [Is] ISSN: 1550-6606 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Babesiosis is a tick-borne zoonosis caused by protozoans of the genus , apicomplexan parasites that replicate within erythrocytes. However, unlike related species, the pathogenesis of infection remains poorly understood. The primary etiological agent of babesiosis in the United States is In healthy individuals, tick-transmitted infection with causes no specific clinical manifestations, with many having no symptoms at all. However, even in asymptomatic people, a carriage state can be established that can last up to a year or more. Current blood bank screening methods do not identify infected donors, and parasites survive blood-banking procedures and storage. Thus, can also be transmitted by infected blood, and it is currently the number one cause of reportable transfusion-transmitted infection in the United States. Despite a significant impact on human health, remains understudied. In this study, we evaluated the course of infection in three strains of mice, C57BL/6J, BALB/cJ, and C3H-HeJ, and examined the contribution of multiple immune parameters, including TLRs, B cells, CD4 cells, IFN-γ, and NO, on the level of parasitemia and parasite clearance during acute babesiosis. We found that reaches high parasitemia levels during the first week of infection in all three mice strains before resolving spontaneously. Our results indicate that resolution of babesiosis requires CD4 T cells and a novel mechanism of parasite killing within infected erythrocytes. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Babesia microti/imunologia Babesiose/imunologia Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia Eritrócitos/parasitologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Linfócitos B/imunologia Babesiose/epidemiologia Babesiose/parasitologia Babesiose/transmissão Transfusão de Sangue Seres Humanos Interferon gama/imunologia Camundongos Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C Camundongos Endogâmicos C3H Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/metabolismo Parasitemia/sangue Parasitemia/parasitologia Receptores Toll-Like/imunologia Receptores Toll-Like/metabolismo Estados Unidos/epidemiologia Zoonoses [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Toll-Like Receptors); 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma); EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170928 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170928 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170614 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601193

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[PMID]: 28506045 [Au] Autor: Hong SH; Kim HJ; Jeong YI; Cho SH; Lee WJ; Kim JT; Lee SE [Ad] Endereço: Division of Malaria and Parasitc Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju 28159, Korea. [Ti] Título: Serological and Molecular Detection of and in the Blood of Rescued Wild Animals in Gangwon-do (Province), Korea. [So] Source: Korean J Parasitol;55(2):207-212, 2017 Apr. [Is] ISSN: 1738-0006 [Cp] País de publicação: Korea (South) [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Infections of and are reported in many wild animals worldwide, but information on their incidence and molecular detection in Korean wild fields is limited. In this study, the prevalence of and infection in blood samples of 5 animal species (37 Chinese water deer, 23 raccoon dogs, 6 roe deer, 1 wild boar, and 3 Eurasian badgers) was examined during 2008-2009 in Gangwon-do (Province), the Republic of Korea (=Korea) by using serological and molecular tests. The overall seropositivity of was 8.6% (6/70); 10.8% in Chinese water deer, 4.3% in raccoon dogs, and 16.7% in roe deer. PCR revealed only 1 case of infection in Chinese water deer, and phylogenic analysis showed that the positive isolate was practically identical to the highly pathogenetic strain type I. In PCR, the positive rate was 5.7% (4/70), including 2 Chinese water deer and 2 Eurasian badgers. Phylogenetic analysis results of 18S rRNA and the ß-tubulin gene showed that all positive isolates were US-type . To our knowledge, this is the first report of detected in Chinese water deer and Eurasian badger from Korea. These results indicate a potentially high prevalence of and in wild animals of Gangwon-do, Korea. Furthermore, Chinese water deer might act as a reservoir for parasite infections of domestic animals. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Animais Selvagens/sangue Animais Selvagens/parasitologia Babesia microti/isolamento & purificação Toxoplasma/isolamento & purificação Toxoplasmose Animal/epidemiologia Toxoplasmose Animal/parasitologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue Babesia microti/genética Babesia microti/imunologia Babesia microti/patogenicidade Reservatórios de Doenças/parasitologia Reservatórios de Doenças/veterinária Filogenia Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Prevalência RNA Ribossômico 18S/genética República da Coreia/epidemiologia Toxoplasma/genética Toxoplasma/imunologia Toxoplasma/patogenicidade Tubulina (Proteína)/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Antibodies, Protozoan); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 18S); 0 (Tubulin) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171005 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171005 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170517 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2017.55.2.207

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[PMID]: 28292316 [Au] Autor: Checa R; Montoya A; Ortega N; González-Fraga JL; Bartolomé A; Gálvez R; Marino V; Miró G [Ad] Endereço: Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain. [Ti] Título: Efficacy, safety and tolerance of imidocarb dipropionate versus atovaquone or buparvaquone plus azithromycin used to treat sick dogs naturally infected with the Babesia microti-like piroplasm. [So] Source: Parasit Vectors;10(1):145, 2017 Mar 13. [Is] ISSN: 1756-3305 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Piroplasmosis caused by the Babesia microti-like piroplasm (Bml) is increasingly being detected in dogs in Europe. Sick dogs show acute disease with severe anaemia associated with thrombocytopenia with a poor response to current available drugs. This study assesses the safety and tolerance of three treatments and compares their efficacy over a full year of follow up in dogs naturally infected with Bml. METHODS: Fifty-nine dogs naturally infected with Bml were randomly assigned to a treatment group: imidocarb dipropionate (5 mg/kg SC, 2 doses 14 d apart) (IMI); atovaquone (13.3 mg/kg PO q 8 h, 10 d)/azithromycin (10 mg/kg PO q 24 h, 10 d) (ATO); or buparvaquone (5 mg/kg IM, 2 d apart)/azithromycin (same dosage) (BUP). Before and after treatment (days 15, 45, 90 and 360), all dogs underwent a physical exam, blood tests and parasite detection (blood cytology and PCR). Clinical efficacy was assessed by grading 24 clinical and 8 clinicopathological signs from low to high severity. RESULTS: Before treatment, most dogs had severe regenerative anaemia (88.13%) and thrombocytopenia (71.4%). On treatment Day 45, clinical signs were mostly reduced in all dogs, and by Day 90, practically all dogs under the ATO or BUP regimen were clinically healthy (76.4 and 88%, respectively). Highest percentage reductions in laboratory abnormalities (82.04%) were detected in animals treated with ATO. Over the year, clinical relapse of Bml was observed in 8 dogs (8/17) treated with IMI. However, on Day 360, these animals had recovered clinically, though clinicopathological abnormalities were still present in some of them. Parasitaemia was PCR-confirmed on Days 90 and 360 in 47.05 and 50% of dogs treated with ATO, 68 and 60.08% with BUP, and 94.1 and 73.3% with IMI, respectively. Even after 360 days, 13.3% of the dogs treated with IMI returned a positive blood cytology result. CONCLUSIONS: IMI showed the worse clinical and parasitological, efficacy such that its use to treat Bml infection in dogs is not recommended. The treatments ATO and BUP showed better efficacy, though they were still incapable to completely eliminate PCR-proven infection at the recommended dose. All three treatments showed good tolerance and safety with scarce adverse events observed. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antiprotozoários/uso terapêutico Atovaquona/uso terapêutico Azitromicina/uso terapêutico Babesiose/tratamento farmacológico Doenças do Cão/tratamento farmacológico Imidocarbo/análogos & derivados Naftoquinonas/uso terapêutico [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Antiprotozoários/efeitos adversos Atovaquona/administração & dosagem Atovaquona/efeitos adversos Azitromicina/administração & dosagem Azitromicina/efeitos adversos Babesia microti/efeitos dos fármacos Babesia microti/isolamento & purificação Babesia microti/fisiologia Babesiose/epidemiologia Babesiose/parasitologia Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia Doenças do Cão/parasitologia Cães Quimioterapia Combinada Europa (Continente)/epidemiologia Feminino Imidocarbo/administração & dosagem Imidocarbo/efeitos adversos Imidocarbo/uso terapêutico Masculino Naftoquinonas/administração & dosagem Naftoquinonas/efeitos adversos Parasitemia/tratamento farmacológico Parasitemia/epidemiologia Parasitemia/veterinária Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Antiprotozoal Agents); 0 (Naphthoquinones); 0354RT7LG4 (buparvaquone); 83905-01-5 (Azithromycin); 8USS3K0VDH (Imidocarb); Y883P1Z2LT (Atovaquone); ZSM1M03SHC (imidocarb dipropionate) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170915 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170915 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170316 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2049-0

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