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[PMID]: 28792543 [Au] Autor: Ricci SW; Bohnenstiehl DR; Eggleston DB; Kellogg ML; Lyon RP [Ad] Endereço: Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America. [Ti] Título: Oyster toadfish (Opsanus tau) boatwhistle call detection and patterns within a large-scale oyster restoration site. [So] Source: PLoS One;12(8):e0182757, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: During May 2015, passive acoustic recorders were deployed at eight subtidal oyster reefs within Harris Creek Oyster Sanctuary in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland USA. These sites were selected to represent both restored and unrestored habitats having a range of oyster densities. Throughout the survey, the soundscape within Harris Creek was dominated by the boatwhistle calls of the oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau. A novel, multi-kernel spectral correlation approach was developed to automatically detect these boatwhistle calls using their two lowest harmonic bands. The results provided quantitative information on how call rate and call frequency varied in space and time. Toadfish boatwhistle fundamental frequency ranged from 140 Hz to 260 Hz and was well correlated (r = 0.94) with changes in water temperature, with the fundamental frequency increasing by ~11 Hz for every 1°C increase in temperature. The boatwhistle call rate increased from just a few calls per minute at the start of monitoring on May 7th to ~100 calls/min on May 10th and remained elevated throughout the survey. As male toadfish are known to generate boatwhistles to attract mates, this rapid increase in call rate was interpreted to mark the onset of spring spawning behavior. Call rate was not modulated by water temperature, but showed a consistent diurnal pattern, with a sharp decrease in rate just before sunrise and a peak just after sunset. There was a significant difference in call rate between restored and unrestored reefs, with restored sites having nearly twice the call rate as unrestored sites. This work highlights the benefits of using automated detection techniques that provide quantitative information on species-specific call characteristics and patterns. This type of non-invasive acoustic monitoring provides long-term, semi-continuous information on animal behavior and abundance, and operates effectively in settings that are otherwise difficult to sample. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Batracoidiformes Vocalização Animal [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Relógios Circadianos Conservação dos Recursos Naturais Ecossistema Maryland Ostreidae Reconhecimento Automatizado de Padrão Fotoperíodo Água do Mar Espectrografia do Som Temperatura Ambiente [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171003 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171003 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170810 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182757

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[PMID]: 28549411 [Au] Autor: Wan Y; Otsuna H; Holman HA; Bagley B; Ito M; Lewis AK; Colasanto M; Kardon G; Ito K; Hansen C [Ad] Endereço: Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA. wanyong@cs.utah.edu. [Ti] Título: FluoRender: joint freehand segmentation and visualization for many-channel fluorescence data analysis. [So] Source: BMC Bioinformatics;18(1):280, 2017 May 26. [Is] ISSN: 1471-2105 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Image segmentation and registration techniques have enabled biologists to place large amounts of volume data from fluorescence microscopy, morphed three-dimensionally, onto a common spatial frame. Existing tools built on volume visualization pipelines for single channel or red-green-blue (RGB) channels have become inadequate for the new challenges of fluorescence microscopy. For a three-dimensional atlas of the insect nervous system, hundreds of volume channels are rendered simultaneously, whereas fluorescence intensity values from each channel need to be preserved for versatile adjustment and analysis. Although several existing tools have incorporated support of multichannel data using various strategies, the lack of a flexible design has made true many-channel visualization and analysis unavailable. The most common practice for many-channel volume data presentation is still converting and rendering pseudosurfaces, which are inaccurate for both qualitative and quantitative evaluations. RESULTS: Here, we present an alternative design strategy that accommodates the visualization and analysis of about 100 volume channels, each of which can be interactively adjusted, selected, and segmented using freehand tools. Our multichannel visualization includes a multilevel streaming pipeline plus a triple-buffer compositing technique. Our method also preserves original fluorescence intensity values on graphics hardware, a crucial feature that allows graphics-processing-unit (GPU)-based processing for interactive data analysis, such as freehand segmentation. We have implemented the design strategies as a thorough restructuring of our original tool, FluoRender. CONCLUSION: The redesign of FluoRender not only maintains the existing multichannel capabilities for a greatly extended number of volume channels, but also enables new analysis functions for many-channel data from emerging biomedical-imaging techniques. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Software [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Algoritmos Animais Batracoidiformes/metabolismo Extremidades/anatomia & histologia Olho/anatomia & histologia Olho/patologia Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador Imagem Tridimensional Camundongos Microscopia de Fluorescência Peixe-Zebra/anatomia & histologia Peixe-Zebra/fisiologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171024 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171024 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170528 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1186/s12859-017-1694-9

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[PMID]: 28315772 [Au] Autor: Schauer KL; Grosell M [Ad] Endereço: Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, USA. Electronic address: kschauer@rsmas.miami.edu. [Ti] Título: Fractionation of the Gulf toadfish intestinal precipitate organic matrix reveals potential functions of individual proteins. [So] Source: Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol;208:35-45, 2017 Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1531-4332 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The regulatory mechanisms behind the production of CaCO in the marine teleost intestine are poorly studied despite being essential for osmoregulation and responsible for a conservatively estimated 3-15% of annual oceanic CaCO production. It has recently been reported that the intestinally derived precipitates produced by fish as a byproduct of their osmoregulatory strategy form in conjunction with a proteinaceous matrix containing nearly 150 unique proteins. The individual functions of these proteins have not been the subject of investigation until now. Here, organic matrix was extracted from precipitates produced by Gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta) and the matrix proteins were fractionated by their charge using strong anion exchange chromatography. The precipitation regulatory abilities of the individual fractions were then analyzed using a recently developed in vitro calcification assay, and the protein constituents of each fraction were determined by mass spectrometry. The different fractions were found to have differing effects on both the rate of carbonate mineral production, as well as the morphology of the crystals that form. Using data collected from the calcification assay as well as the mass spectrometry experiments, individual calcification promotional indices were calculated for each protein, giving the first insight into the functions each of these matrix proteins may play in regulating precipitation. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Batracoidiformes/metabolismo Calcificação Fisiológica Carbonato de Cálcio/metabolismo Proteínas de Peixes/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Carbonato de Cálcio/química Absorção Intestinal/fisiologia Intestinos/química Intestinos/metabolismo Osmorregulação Equilíbrio Hidroeletrolítico/fisiologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Fish Proteins); H0G9379FGK (Calcium Carbonate) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1708 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170807 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170807 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170320 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28284848 [Au] Autor: Dos Santos DM; de Souza CB; Pereira HJ [Ad] Endereço: Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia-Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil. [Ti] Título: Angiotensin converting enzymes in fish venom. [So] Source: Toxicon;131:63-67, 2017 Jun 01. [Is] ISSN: 1879-3150 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Animal venoms are multifaceted mixtures, including proteins, peptides and enzymes produced by animals in defense, predation and digestion. These molecules have been investigated concerning their molecular mechanisms associated and possible pharmacological applications. Thalassophryne nattereri is a small venomous fish inhabiting the northern and northeastern coast of Brazil, and represents a relatively frequent cause of injuries. Its venom causes severe inflammatory response followed frequently by the necrosis of the affected area. Scorpaena plumieri is the most venomous fish in the Brazilian fauna and is responsible for relatively frequent accidents involving anglers and bathers. In humans, its venom causes edema, erythema, ecchymoses, nausea, vomiting, and syncope. Recently, the presence of a type of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity in the venom of Thalassophryne nattereri and Scorpaena plumieri, endemic fishes in northeastern coast of Brazil, has been described. The ACE converts angiotensin I (Ang I) into angiotensin II (Ang II) and inactivates bradykinin, there by regulating blood pressure and electrolyte homeostasis, however, their function in these venoms remains an unknown. This article provides an overview of the current knowledge on ACE in the venoms of Thalassophryne nattereri and Scorpaena plumier. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Venenos de Peixe/farmacologia Peptidil Dipeptidase A/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Angiotensina I/metabolismo Angiotensina II/metabolismo Animais Batracoidiformes Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos Bradicinina/antagonistas & inibidores Bradicinina/metabolismo Brasil Homeostase/efeitos dos fármacos Peptidil Dipeptidase A/isolamento & purificação [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Fish Venoms); 11128-99-7 (Angiotensin II); 9041-90-1 (Angiotensin I); EC 3.4.15.1 (Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A); S8TIM42R2W (Bradykinin) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170928 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170928 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170313 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28247015 [Au] Autor: Bhandiwad AA; Whitchurch EA; Colleye O; Zeddies DG; Sisneros JA [Ad] Endereço: Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1525, USA. [Ti] Título: Seasonal plasticity of auditory saccular sensitivity in "sneaker" type II male plainfin midshipman fish, Porichthys notatus. [So] Source: J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol;203(3):211-222, 2017 Mar. [Is] ISSN: 1432-1351 [Cp] País de publicação: Germany [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Adult female and nesting (type I) male midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus) exhibit an adaptive form of auditory plasticity for the enhanced detection of social acoustic signals. Whether this adaptive plasticity also occurs in "sneaker" type II males is unknown. Here, we characterize auditory-evoked potentials recorded from hair cells in the saccule of reproductive and non-reproductive "sneaker" type II male midshipman to determine whether this sexual phenotype exhibits seasonal, reproductive state-dependent changes in auditory sensitivity and frequency response to behaviorally relevant auditory stimuli. Saccular potentials were recorded from the middle and caudal region of the saccule while sound was presented via an underwater speaker. Our results indicate saccular hair cells from reproductive type II males had thresholds based on measures of sound pressure and acceleration (re. 1 µPa and 1 ms , respectively) that were ~8-21 dB lower than non-reproductive type II males across a broad range of frequencies, which include the dominant higher frequencies in type I male vocalizations. This increase in type II auditory sensitivity may potentially facilitate eavesdropping by sneaker males and their assessment of vocal type I males for the selection of cuckoldry sites during the breeding season. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Estimulação Acústica/métodos Batracoidiformes/fisiologia Potenciais Evocados Auditivos/fisiologia Plasticidade Neuronal/fisiologia Sáculo e Utrículo/fisiologia Estações do Ano [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Células Ciliadas Auditivas/fisiologia Masculino [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171014 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171014 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170302 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1007/s00359-017-1157-9

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[PMID]: 28040487 [Au] Autor: Fulton J; LeMoine CM; Bucking C; Brix KV; Walsh PJ; McDonald MD [Ad] Endereço: Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Ti] Título: A waterborne chemical cue from Gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta, prompts pulsatile urea excretion in conspecifics. [So] Source: Physiol Behav;171:92-99, 2017 Mar 15. [Is] ISSN: 1873-507X [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The Gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta) has a fully functional ornithine urea cycle (O-UC) that allows it to excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of urea. Interestingly, urea is excreted in a pulse across the gill that lasts 1-3h and occurs once or twice a day. Both the stress hormone, cortisol, and the neurotransmitter, serotonin (5-HT) are involved in the control of pulsatile urea excretion. This and other evidence suggests that urea pulsing may be linked to toadfish social behavior. The hypothesis of the present study was that toadfish urea pulses can be triggered by waterborne chemical cues from conspecifics. Our findings indicate that exposure to seawater that held a donor conspecific for up to 48h (pre-conditioned seawater; PC-SW) induced a urea pulse within 7h in naïve conspecifics compared to a pulse latency of 20h when exposed to seawater alone. Factors such as PC-SW intensity and donor body mass influenced the pulse latency response of naïve conspecifics. Fractionation and heat treatment of PC-SW to narrow possible signal candidates revealed that the active chemical was both water-soluble and heat-stable. Fish exposed to urea, cortisol or 5-HT in seawater did not have a pulse latency that was significantly different than seawater alone; however, ammonia, perhaps in the form of NH Cl, was found to be a factor in the pulse latency response of toadfish to PC-SW and could be one component of a multi-component cue used for chemical communication in toadfish. Further studies are needed to fully identify the chemical cue as well as determine its adaptive significance in this marine teleost fish. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Comunicação Animal Batracoidiformes/fisiologia Sinais (Psicologia) Ureia/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Amônia/análise Animais Brânquias/fisiologia Hidrocortisona/metabolismo Nitrogênio/metabolismo Tempo de Reação/efeitos dos fármacos Tempo de Reação/fisiologia Água do Mar/química Serotonina/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 333DO1RDJY (Serotonin); 7664-41-7 (Ammonia); 8W8T17847W (Urea); N762921K75 (Nitrogen); WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1706 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170629 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170629 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170102 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27804136 [Au] Autor: Bose AP; Adragna JB; Balshine S [Ad] Endereço: Aquatic Behavioural Ecology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, & Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8 Canada. [Ti] Título: Otolith morphology varies between populations, sexes and male alternative reproductive tactics in a vocal toadfish Porichthys notatus. [So] Source: J Fish Biol;90(1):311-325, 2017 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1095-8649 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: In this study, the morphology of sagittal otoliths of the plainfin midshipman fish Porichthys notatus was compared between populations, sexes and male alternative reproductive phenotypes (known as 'type I males or guarders' and 'type II males or sneakers'). Sagitta size increased with P. notatus size and changes in shape were also detected with increasing body size. Porichthys notatus sagittae begin as simple rounded structures, but then elongate as they grow and take on a more triangular and complex shape with several prominent notches and indentations along the dorsal and caudal edges. Moreover, the sagittae of the two geographically and genetically distinct populations of P. notatus (northern and southern) differed in shape. Porichthys notatus from the north possessed taller sagittae with deeper caudal indentations compared to P. notatus from the south. Sagitta shape also differed between females and males of the conventional guarder tactic. Furthermore, guarder males had smaller sagittae for their body size than did sneaker males or females. These differences in sagittal otolith morphology are discussed in relation to ecological and life history differences between the sexes and male tactics of this species. This is the first study to investigate teleost otolith morphology from the perspective of alternative reproductive tactics. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Comunicação Animal Batracoidiformes/anatomia & histologia Membrana dos Otólitos/anatomia & histologia Comportamento Sexual Animal [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Batracoidiformes/fisiologia Feminino Masculino Membrana dos Otólitos/fisiologia Fatores Sexuais [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1705 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170817 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170817 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161103 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13187

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[PMID]: 27327905 [Au] Autor: da Costa Marques ME; de Araújo Tenório H; Dos Santos CW; Dos Santos DM; de Lima ME; Pereira HJ [Ad] Endereço: Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil. [Ti] Título: Angiotensin converting enzyme of Thalassophryne nattereri venom. [So] Source: Int J Biol Macromol;91:980-6, 2016 Oct. [Is] ISSN: 1879-0003 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Animal venoms are complex mixtures, including peptides, proteins (i.e., enzymes), and other compounds produced by animals in predation, digestion, and defense. These molecules have been investigated regarding their molecular mechanisms associated with physiological action and possible pharmacological applications. Recently, we have described the presence of a type of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity in the venom of Thalassophryne nattereri. It is a zinc-dependent peptidase with a wide range of effects. By removing dipeptide His-Leu from terminal C, the ACE converts angiotensinI (AngI) into angiotensin II (AngII) and inactivates bradykinin, there by regulating blood pressure and electrolyte homeostasis. The fractionation of T. nattereri venom in CM-Sepharose indicated a peak (CM2) with angiotensin-converting activity, converting AngI into Ang II. Electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel (12%) revealed one band with 30kDa for CM2 similar in size to natterins, which are toxins with proteolytic activity found in T. nattereri venom. Mass spectrometry indicated that the protein sequence of the ACE purified from T. nattereri venom corresponds to natterin 1. The isolated protein has also demonstrated inhibition through captopril and EDTA and is characterized as a classic ACE. Thus, the isolated enzyme purified from T. nattereri venom is the first ACE isolated from fish venom. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Batracoidiformes/metabolismo Venenos de Peixe/enzimologia Peptidil Dipeptidase A/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Sequência de Aminoácidos Animais Cátions Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão Cromatografia por Troca Iônica Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida Peptidil Dipeptidase A/química Peptidil Dipeptidase A/isolamento & purificação Alinhamento de Sequência [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Cations); 0 (Fish Venoms); EC 3.4.15.1 (Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1703 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170310 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170310 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160622 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27075257 [Au] Autor: Belgrad BA; Griffen BD [Ad] Endereço: Marine Science Program, at the School of Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA babelgra@eckerd.edu. [Ti] Título: Predator-prey interactions mediated by prey personality and predator hunting mode. [So] Source: Proc Biol Sci;283(1828), 2016 Apr 13. [Is] ISSN: 1471-2954 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Predator-prey interactions are important drivers in structuring ecological communities. However, despite widespread acknowledgement that individual behaviours and predator species regulate ecological processes, studies have yet to incorporate individual behavioural variations in a multipredator system. We quantified a prevalent predator avoidance behaviour to examine the simultaneous roles of prey personality and predator hunting mode in governing predator-prey interactions. Mud crabs, Panopeus herbstii, reduce their activity levels and increase their refuge use in the presence of predator cues. We measured mud crab mortality and consistent individual variations in the strength of this predator avoidance behaviour in the presence of predatory blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus, and toadfish, Opsanus tau We found that prey personality and predator species significantly interacted to affect mortality with blue crabs primarily consuming bold mud crabs and toadfish preferentially selecting shy crabs. Additionally, the strength of the predator avoidance behaviour depended upon the predation risk from the predator species. Consequently, the personality composition of populations and predator hunting mode may be valuable predictors of both direct and indirect predator-prey interaction strength. These findings support theories postulating mechanisms for maintaining intraspecies diversity and have broad implications for community dynamics. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Batracoidiformes/fisiologia Braquiúros/fisiologia Cadeia Alimentar Comportamento Predatório [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Personalidade [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; RESEARCH SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, NON-P.H.S. [Em] Mês de entrada: 1612 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170413 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170413 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160415 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27030664 [Au] Autor: Ruhr IM; Takei Y; Grosell M [Ad] Endereço: Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, The Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, The University of Miami, Miami, Florida; and iruhr@rsmas.miami.edu. [Ti] Título: The role of the rectum in osmoregulation and the potential effect of renoguanylin on SLC26a6 transport activity in the Gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta). [So] Source: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol;311(1):R179-91, 2016 Jul 01. [Is] ISSN: 1522-1490 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Teleosts living in seawater continually absorb water across the intestine to compensate for branchial water loss to the environment. The present study reveals that the Gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta) rectum plays a comparable role to the posterior intestine in ion and water absorption. However, the posterior intestine appears to rely more on SLC26a6 (a HCO3 (-)/Cl(-) antiporter) and the rectum appears to rely on NKCC2 (SLC12a1) for the purposes of solute-coupled water absorption. The present study also demonstrates that the rectum responds to renoguanylin (RGN), a member of the guanylin family of peptides that alters the normal osmoregulatory processes of the distal intestine, by inhibited water absorption. RGN decreases rectal water absorption more greatly than in the posterior intestine and leads to net Na(+) and Cl(-) secretion, and a reversal of the absorptive short-circuit current (ISC). It is hypothesized that maintaining a larger fluid volume within the distal segments of intestinal tract facilitates the removal of CaCO3 precipitates and other solids from the intestine. Indeed, the expression of the components of the Cl(-)-secretory response, apical CFTR, and basolateral NKCC1 (SLC12a2), are upregulated in the rectum of the Gulf toadfish after 96 h in 60 ppt, an exposure that increases CaCO3 precipitate formation relative to 35 ppt. Moreover, the downstream intracellular effects of RGN appear to directly inhibit ion absorption by NKCC2 and anion exchange by SLC26a6. Overall, the present findings elucidate key electrophysiological differences between the posterior intestine and rectum of Gulf toadfish and the potent regulatory role renoguanylin plays in osmoregulation. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Translocador 3 do Nucleotídeo Adenina/metabolismo Batracoidiformes/metabolismo Hormônios Gastrointestinais/farmacologia Peptídeos Natriuréticos/farmacologia Osmorregulação/efeitos dos fármacos Reto/efeitos dos fármacos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Bicarbonatos/metabolismo Transporte Biológico Ativo/efeitos dos fármacos Carbonato de Cálcio/farmacologia Cloretos/metabolismo Intestinos/efeitos dos fármacos Intestinos/metabolismo Sódio/metabolismo Membro 1 da Família 12 de Carreador de Soluto/metabolismo Água/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 3); 0 (Bicarbonates); 0 (Chlorides); 0 (Gastrointestinal Hormones); 0 (Natriuretic Peptides); 0 (Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 1); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 140653-38-9 (guanylin); 9NEZ333N27 (Sodium); H0G9379FGK (Calcium Carbonate) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1707 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170724 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170724 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160401 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00033.2016

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