Base de dados : MEDLINE Pesquisa : B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100.349 [Categoria DeCS] Referências encontradas : 92 [refinar] Mostrando: 1 .. 10   no formato [Detalhado]

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[PMID]: 27896463 [Au] Autor: Li H; Wei Z; Huangfu C; Chen X; Yang D [Ad] Endereço: Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, 31 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300191, China. [Ti] Título: Litter mixture dominated by leaf litter of the invasive species, Flaveria bidentis, accelerates decomposition and favors nitrogen release. [So] Source: J Plant Res;130(1):167-180, 2017 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1618-0860 [Cp] País de publicação: Japan [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: In natural ecosystems, invasive plant litter is often mixed with that of native species, yet few studies have examined the decomposition dynamics of such mixtures, especially across different degrees of invasion. We conducted a 1-year litterbag experiment using leaf litters from the invasive species Flaveria bidentis (L.) and the dominant co-occurring native species, Setaria viridis (L.). Litters were allowed to decompose either separately or together at different ratios in a mothproof screen house. The mass loss of all litter mixtures was non-additive, and the direction and strength of effects varied with species ratio and decomposition stage. During the initial stages of decomposition, all mixtures had a neutral effect on the mass loss; however, at later stages of decomposition, mixtures containing more invasive litter had synergistic effects on mass loss. Importantly, an increase in F. bidentis litter with a lower C:N ratio in mixtures led to greater net release of N over time. These results highlight the importance of trait dissimilarity in determining the decomposition rates of litter mixtures and suggest that F. bidentis could further synchronize N release from litter as an invasion proceeds, potentially creating a positive feedback linked through invasion as the invader outcompetes the natives for nutrients. Our findings also demonstrate the importance of species composition as well as the identity of dominant species when considering how changes in plant community structure influence plant invasion. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Flaveria/química Nitrogênio/metabolismo Folhas de Planta/química [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Biomassa Carbono/metabolismo Ciclo do Carbono Ecossistema Espécies Introduzidas Ciclo do Nitrogênio Setaria (Planta)/química Especificidade da Espécie [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 7440-44-0 (Carbon); N762921K75 (Nitrogen) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1705 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171014 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171014 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161130 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1007/s10265-016-0881-5

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[PMID]: 28028087 [Au] Autor: Figueroa-Castro DM; González-Tochihuitl G; Rivas-Arancibia SP; Castaño-Meneses G [Ad] Endereço: Escuela de Biología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. Boulevard Valsequillo y Av. San Claudio s/n, Edif. 112 A, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Jardines de San Manuel, C.P. 72570, Puebla, Puebla, México (figgery@gmail.com; lp.gonzalez.t@gmail.com;sombrar@gmail.com) figgery@gmail.com. [Ti] Título: Floral Visitors of Three Asteraceae Species in a Xeric Environment in Central Mexico. [So] Source: Environ Entomol;45(6):1404-1414, 2016 12. [Is] ISSN: 1938-2936 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: We describe the spatial variation in the structure and composition of the communities of insects visiting the inflorescences of Flaveria ramosissima Klatt, Florestina pedata (Cav.) Cass., and Parthenium bipinnatifidum (Ort.) Rollins (Asteraceae) in a xeric environment in Central Mexico. Inflorescences of the three Asteraceae were visited by a total of 96 species of Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera. Total species richness of floral visitors to the three Asteraceae and total abundance of insects of Fl. pedata and P. bipinnatifidum did not differ between low and high vegetation cover sites. Total abundance of insects visiting the inflorescences of F. ramosissima and abundance of Hymenoptera in all three Asteraceae were higher at the low vegetation coverage (LVC) site than at the high vegetation coverage (HVC) one. Diversity of insects of Fl. pedata and P. bipinnatifidum was higher at the HVC site. However, in F. ramosissima diversity was higher at the LVC site. The communities of insects of each Asteraceae were dissimilar between sites. These differences can be attributed to variation in the abundance of Lepidophora (Diptera: Bombyliidae), Miridae (Hemiptera), Melyridae (Coleoptera), Tiphiidae (Hymenoptera), Myrmecocystus mexicanus Wesmael, and Dorymyrmex grandulus (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The first three insect groups were sensitive to LVC, high temperature, and low humidity, whereas the last three tolerated those same environmental conditions. Changes in temperature, humidity, and resources associated with vegetation coverage seem to differentially affect each species of floral visitors of the three Asteraceae species studied. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Asteraceae Biodiversidade Insetos/fisiologia Polinização [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Asteraceae/fisiologia Flaveria/fisiologia Cadeia Alimentar México [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Em] Mês de entrada: 1707 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171126 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171126 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161229 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvw132

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[PMID]: 27846408 [Au] Autor: Bustos PS; Deza-Ponzio R; Páez PL; Albesa I; Cabrera JL; Virgolini MB; Ortega MG [Ad] Endereço: Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address: pbustos@fcq.unc.edu. [Ti] Título: Protective effect of quercetin in gentamicin-induced oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo in blood cells. Effect on gentamicin antimicrobial activity. [So] Source: Environ Toxicol Pharmacol;48:253-264, 2016 Dec. [Is] ISSN: 1872-7077 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: We have evaluated the effect of gentamicin and gentamicin plus quercetin on ROS production, endogenous antioxidant defenses (SOD and CAT) and lipid peroxidation in vitro on human leukocytes and in vivo on whole rat blood. Gentamicin generated ROS production in human leukocytes, produced a dual effect on both enzymes dosage-dependent and generated an increase in lipid peroxidation. Quercetin, in leukocytes stimulated by gentamicin, showed more inhibitory capacity in ROS production than the reference inhibitor (vitaminC) in mononuclear cells and a similar protective behavior at this inhibitor in polymorphonuclear cells. Quercetin, in both cellular systems, tend to level SOD and CAT activities, reaching basal values and could prevent lipidic peroxidation induced by gentamicin. The results in Wistar rats confirmed that therapeutic doses of gentamicin can induce oxidative stress in whole blood and that the gentamicin treatment plus quercetin can suppress ROS generation, collaborate with SOD and CAT and diminish lipid peroxidation. Finally, flavonoid and antibiotic association was evaluated on the antimicrobial activity in S. aureus and E. coli, showing that changes were not generated in the antibacterial activity of gentamicin against E. coli strains, while for strains of S. aureus a beneficial effect observes. Therefore, we have demonstrated that gentamicin could induce oxidative stress in human leukocytes and in whole blood of Wistar rats at therapeutic doses and that quercetin may to produce a protective effect on this oxidative stress generated without substantially modifying the antibacterial activity of gentamicin against E. coli strains, and it contributes to this activity against S. aureus strains. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antibacterianos/toxicidade Antioxidantes/farmacologia Gentamicinas/toxicidade Leucócitos/efeitos dos fármacos Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos Quercetina/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Antibacterianos/farmacologia Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação Células Cultivadas Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos Escherichia coli/crescimento & desenvolvimento Flaveria/química Gentamicinas/farmacologia Seres Humanos Leucócitos/enzimologia Leucócitos/metabolismo Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos Masculino Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana Folhas de Planta/química Quercetina/isolamento & purificação Ratos Wistar Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos Staphylococcus aureus/crescimento & desenvolvimento Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (Antioxidants); 0 (Gentamicins); 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species); 0 (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances); 9IKM0I5T1E (Quercetin) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1702 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170916 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170916 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161116 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27497446 [Au] Autor: Ishikawa N; Takabayashi A; Noguchi K; Tazoe Y; Yamamoto H; von Caemmerer S; Sato F; Endo T [Ad] Endereço: Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan. [Ti] Título: NDH-Mediated Cyclic Electron Flow Around Photosystem I is Crucial for C4 Photosynthesis. [So] Source: Plant Cell Physiol;57(10):2020-2028, 2016 Oct. [Is] ISSN: 1471-9053 [Cp] País de publicação: Japan [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: C photosynthesis exhibits efficient CO assimilation in ambient air by concentrating CO around ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) through a metabolic pathway called the C cycle. It has been suggested that cyclic electron flow (CEF) around PSI mediated by chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex (NDH), an alternative pathway of photosynthetic electron transport (PET), plays a crucial role in C photosynthesis, although the contribution of NDH-mediated CEF is small in C photosynthesis. Here, we generated NDH-suppressed transformants of a C plant, Flaveria bidentis, and showed that the NDH-suppressed plants grow poorly, especially under low-light conditions. CO assimilation rates were consistently decreased in the NDH-suppressed plants under low and medium light intensities. Measurements of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of Chl fluorescence, the oxidation state of the reaction center of PSI (P700) and the electrochromic shift (ECS) of pigment absorbance indicated that proton translocation across the thylakoid membrane is impaired in the NDH-suppressed plants. Since proton translocation across the thylakoid membrane induces ATP production, these results suggest that NDH-mediated CEF plays a role in the supply of ATP which is required for C photosynthesis. Such a role is more crucial when the light that is available for photosynthesis is limited and the energy production by PET becomes rate-determining for C photosynthesis. Our results demonstrate that the physiological contribution of NDH-mediated CEF is greater in C photosynthesis than in C photosynthesis, suggesting that the mechanism of PET in C photosynthesis has changed from that in C photosynthesis accompanying the changes in the mechanism of CO assimilation. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Carbono/metabolismo Flaveria/enzimologia NADH Desidrogenase/metabolismo Fotossíntese Complexo de Proteína do Fotossistema I/metabolismo Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Dióxido de Carbono/metabolismo Transporte de Elétrons/efeitos da radiação Flaveria/crescimento & desenvolvimento Flaveria/efeitos da radiação Luz Fotossíntese/efeitos da radiação Folhas de Planta/metabolismo Folhas de Planta/efeitos da radiação Interferência de RNA Análise Espectral Supressão Genética/efeitos da radiação Transformação Genética/efeitos da radiação [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Photosystem I Protein Complex); 0 (Plant Proteins); 142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide); 7440-44-0 (Carbon); EC 1.6.99.3 (NADH Dehydrogenase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1703 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170327 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170327 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160807 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27085185 [Au] Autor: Sage RF [Ad] Endereço: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON MS3B2 Canada r.sage@utoronto.ca. [Ti] Título: Tracking the evolutionary rise of C4 metabolism. [So] Source: J Exp Bot;67(10):2919-22, 2016 May. [Is] ISSN: 1460-2431 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Upregulation of the C4 metabolic cycle is a major step in the evolution of C4 photosynthesis. Why this happened remains unclear, in part because of difficulties measuring the C4 cycle in situ in C3-C4 intermediate species. Now, Alonso-Cantabrana and von Caemmerer (2016) have described a new approach for quantifying C4 cycle activity, thereby providing the means to analyze its upregulation in an evolutionary context. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Evolução Biológica Fotossíntese/fisiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Flaveria/metabolismo Flaveria/fisiologia Fenômenos Fisiológicos Vegetais Plantas/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170901 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170901 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160417 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw137

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[PMID]: 27016649 [Au] Autor: Ludwig M [Ad] Endereço: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry [310], University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia. Electronic address: martha.ludwig@uwa.edu.au. [Ti] Título: Evolution of carbonic anhydrase in C4 plants. [So] Source: Curr Opin Plant Biol;31:16-22, 2016 Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1879-0356 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: During the evolution of C4 photosynthesis, the intracellular location with most carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity has changed. In Flaveria, the loss of the sequence encoding a chloroplast transit peptide from an ancestral C3 CA ortholog confined the C4 isoform to the mesophyll cell cytosol. Recent studies indicate that sequence elements and histone modifications controlling the expression of C4-associated CAs were likely present in the C3 ancestral chromatin, enabling the evolution of the C4 pathway. Almost complete abolishment of maize CA activity yields no obvious phenotype at ambient CO2 levels. This contrasts with results for Flaveria CA mutants, and has opened discussion on the role of CA in the C4 carbon concentrating mechanism. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Anidrases Carbônicas/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Dióxido de Carbono/metabolismo Cloroplastos/metabolismo Evolução Molecular Flaveria/enzimologia Flaveria/metabolismo Histonas/metabolismo Zea mays/enzimologia Zea mays/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Histones); 142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide); EC 4.2.1.1 (Carbonic Anhydrases) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1705 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170519 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170519 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160327 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 26985020 [Au] Autor: Stata M; Sage TL; Hoffmann N; Covshoff S; Ka-Shu Wong G; Sage RF [Ad] Endereço: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON M5S3B2 Canada. [Ti] Título: Mesophyll Chloroplast Investment in C3, C4 and C2 Species of the Genus Flaveria. [So] Source: Plant Cell Physiol;57(5):904-18, 2016 May. [Is] ISSN: 1471-9053 [Cp] País de publicação: Japan [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The mesophyll (M) cells of C4 plants contain fewer chloroplasts than observed in related C3 plants; however, it is uncertain where along the evolutionary transition from C3 to C4 that the reduction in M chloroplast number occurs. Using 18 species in the genus Flaveria, which contains C3, C4 and a range of C3-C4 intermediate species, we examined changes in chloroplast number and size per M cell, and positioning of chloroplasts relative to the M cell periphery. Chloroplast number and coverage of the M cell periphery declined in proportion to increasing strength of C4 metabolism in Flaveria, while chloroplast size increased with increasing C4 cycle strength. These changes increase cytosolic exposure to the cell periphery which could enhance diffusion of inorganic carbon to phosphenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), a cytosolic enzyme. Analysis of the transcriptome from juvenile leaves of nine Flaveria species showed that the transcript abundance of four genes involved in plastid biogenesis-FtsZ1, FtsZ2, DRP5B and PARC6-was negatively correlated with variation in C4 cycle strength and positively correlated with M chloroplast number per planar cell area. Chloroplast size was negatively correlated with abundance of FtsZ1, FtsZ2 and PARC6 transcripts. These results indicate that natural selection targeted the proteins of the contractile ring assembly to effect the reduction in chloroplast numbers in the M cells of C4 Flaveria species. If so, efforts to engineer the C4 pathway into C3 plants might evaluate whether inducing transcriptome changes similar to those observed in Flaveria could reduce M chloroplast numbers, and thus introduce a trait that appears essential for efficient C4 function. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Cloroplastos/metabolismo Flaveria/fisiologia Fotossíntese [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Sequência de Aminoácidos Evolução Biológica Ciclo do Carbono Flaveria/genética Células do Mesofilo/fisiologia Folhas de Planta/genética Folhas de Planta/fisiologia Especificidade da Espécie [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1703 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170327 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170327 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160318 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw015

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[PMID]: 26893472 [Au] Autor: Munekage YN; Taniguchi YY [Ad] Endereço: School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337 Japan munekage@kwansei.ac.jp. [Ti] Título: Promotion of Cyclic Electron Transport Around Photosystem I with the Development of C4 Photosynthesis. [So] Source: Plant Cell Physiol;57(5):897-903, 2016 May. [Is] ISSN: 1471-9053 [Cp] País de publicação: Japan [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: C4 photosynthesis is present in approximately 7,500 species classified into 19 families, including monocots and eudicots. In the majority of documented cases, a two-celled CO2-concentrating system that uses a metabolic cycle of four-carbon compounds is employed. C4 photosynthesis repeatedly evolved from C3 photosynthesis, possibly driven by the survival advantages it bestows in the hot, often dry, and nutrient-poor soils of the tropics and subtropics. The development of the C4 metabolic cycle greatly increased the ATP demand in chloroplasts during the evolution of malic enzyme-type C4 photosynthesis, and the additional ATP required for C4 metabolism may be produced by the cyclic electron transport around PSI. Recent studies have revealed the nature of cyclic electron transport and the elevation of its components during C4 evolution. In this review, we discuss the energy requirements of C3 and C4 photosynthesis, the current model of cyclic electron transport around PSI and how cyclic electron transport is promoted during C4 evolution using studies on the genus Flaveria, which contains a number of closely related C3, C4 and C3-C4 intermediate species. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Flaveria/fisiologia Fotossíntese Complexo de Proteína do Fotossistema I/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Evolução Biológica Cloroplastos/metabolismo Transporte de Elétrons Flaveria/enzimologia Flaveria/genética Malato Desidrogenase/genética Malato Desidrogenase/metabolismo Proteínas de Plantas/genética Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Photosystem I Protein Complex); 0 (Plant Proteins); EC 1.1.1.37 (Malate Dehydrogenase); EC 1.1.1.39 (malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1703 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170327 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170327 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160220 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw012

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[PMID]: 26893123 [Au] Autor: Tao Y; Lyu MJ; Zhu XG [Ad] Endereço: CAS-Key Laboratory for Computational Biology and State Key Laboratory for Hybrid Rice, Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China. [Ti] Título: Transcriptome comparisons shed light on the pre-condition and potential barrier for C4 photosynthesis evolution in eudicots. [So] Source: Plant Mol Biol;91(1-2):193-209, 2016 May. [Is] ISSN: 1573-5028 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: C4 photosynthesis evolved independently from C3 photosynthesis in more than 60 lineages. Most of the C4 lineages are clustered together in the order Poales and the order Caryophyllales while many other angiosperm orders do not have C4 species, suggesting the existence of biological pre-conditions in the ancestral C3 species that facilitate the evolution of C4 photosynthesis in these lineages. To explore pre-adaptations for C4 photosynthesis evolution, we classified C4 lineages into the C4-poor and the C4-rich groups based on the percentage of C4 species in different genera and conducted a comprehensive comparison on the transcriptomic changes between the non-C4 species from the C4-poor and the C4-rich groups. Results show that species in the C4-rich group showed higher expression of genes related to oxidoreductase activity, light reaction components, terpene synthesis, secondary cell synthesis, C4 cycle related genes and genes related to nucleotide metabolism and senescence. In contrast, C4-poor group showed up-regulation of a PEP/Pi translocator, genes related to signaling pathway, stress response, defense response and plant hormone metabolism (ethylene and brassinosteroid). The implications of these transcriptomic differences between the C4-rich and C4-poor groups to C4 evolution are discussed. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Evolução Biológica Flaveria/metabolismo Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/fisiologia Fotossíntese/fisiologia Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo Transcriptoma [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Flaveria/genética Fotossíntese/genética Folhas de Planta/metabolismo Proteínas de Plantas/genética Especificidade da Espécie [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Plant Proteins) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1609 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171031 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171031 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160220 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0455-x

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[PMID]: 26862154 [Au] Autor: Alonso-Cantabrana H; von Caemmerer S [Ad] Endereço: Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia hugo.alonso@anu.edu.au. [Ti] Título: Carbon isotope discrimination as a diagnostic tool for C4 photosynthesis in C3-C4 intermediate species. [So] Source: J Exp Bot;67(10):3109-21, 2016 May. [Is] ISSN: 1460-2431 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The presence and activity of the C4 cycle in C3-C4 intermediate species have proven difficult to analyze, especially when such activity is low. This study proposes a strategy to detect C4 activity and estimate its contribution to overall photosynthesis in intermediate plants, by using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) coupled to gas exchange systems to simultaneously measure the CO2 responses of CO2 assimilation (A) and carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) under low O2 partial pressure. Mathematical models of C3-C4 photosynthesis and Δ are then fitted concurrently to both responses using the same set of constants. This strategy was applied to the intermediate species Flaveria floridana and F. brownii, and to F. pringlei and F. bidentis as C3 and C4 controls, respectively. Our results support the presence of a functional C4 cycle in F. floridana, that can fix 12-21% of carbon. In F. brownii, 75-100% of carbon is fixed via the C4 cycle, and the contribution of mesophyll Rubisco to overall carbon assimilation increases with CO2 partial pressure in both intermediate plants. Combined gas exchange and Δ measurement and modeling is a powerful diagnostic tool for C4 photosynthesis. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Fotossíntese/fisiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Dióxido de Carbono/metabolismo Isótopos de Carbono/metabolismo Flaveria/metabolismo Flaveria/fisiologia Lasers Semicondutores Modelos Teóricos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Carbon Isotopes); 142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170901 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170901 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160211 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv555

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