Base de dados : MEDLINE Pesquisa : B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100.356 [Categoria DeCS] Referências encontradas : 17 [refinar] Mostrando: 1 .. 10   no formato [Detalhado]

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[PMID]: 28135782 [Au] Autor: de Los A Mesurado M; Arias Cassará ML; Misico R; Bardón A; Ybarra MI; Cartagena E [Ad] Endereço: Instituto de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho, 471, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina. [Ti] Título: A New Depigmenting-Antifungal Methylated Grindelane from Grindelia chiloensis. [So] Source: Chem Biodivers;14(5), 2017 May. [Is] ISSN: 1612-1880 [Cp] País de publicação: Switzerland [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The new methylated grindelane diterpenoid, 7ß-hydroxy-8(17)-dehydrogrindelic acid (1b), together with the known 7α-hydroxy-8(17)-dehydrogrindelic acid (2a), 6-oxogrindelic acid (3a), 4ß-hydroxy-6-oxo-19-norgrindelic (4a), 19-hydroxygrindelic acid (5a), 18-hydroxygrindelic acid (6a), 4α-carboxygrindelic acid (7a), 17-hydroxygrindelic acid (8a), 6α-hydroxygrindelic acid (9a), 8,17-bisnor-8-oxagrindelic acid (10a), 7α,8α-epoxygrindelic acid (11a), and strictanonic acid (12a) as methyl esters were obtained from an Argentine collection of Grindelia chiloensis (Cornel.) Cabrera. Their structures and relative configurations were established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. CHCl extract from the aerial parts and their pure compounds were evaluated for their antifungal and depigmenting effects. Methyl ester derivative of 10a (10b) exhibited a remarkable mycelial growth inhibition against Botritis cinerea with an IC of 13.5 µg ml . While the new grindelane 1b exerted a clear color reduction of the yellow-orange pigment developed by Fusarium oxysporum against UV-induced damage. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação Grindelia/química Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/isolamento & purificação [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Antifúngicos/farmacologia Diterpenos Fusarium/efeitos dos fármacos Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética Estrutura Molecular Extratos Vegetais/química Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/farmacologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Diterpenes); 0 (Plant Extracts); 0 (Skin Lightening Preparations); 0 (ent-7beta,11alpha,14-trihydroxy-18-aldehyde-11beta-20-epoxy-kaur-16-en15-one) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1707 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170731 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170731 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170131 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600426

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[PMID]: 27507839 [Au] Autor: Kistenmacher M; Gibson JP [Ad] Endereço: University of Oklahoma, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, Oklahoma 73019 USA. [Ti] Título: Bet-hedging against larval herbivory and seed bank mortality in the evolution of heterocarpy. [So] Source: Am J Bot;103(8):1383-95, 2016 08. [Is] ISSN: 1537-2197 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Bet-hedging strategies maximize long-term geometric fitness at the cost of reduced arithmetic fitness by offsetting different mortality risks. Heterocarpic systems accomplish bet-hedging through the production of two or more fruit types that vary in dormancy and dispersal ability. It is unknown whether heterocarpy also offsets predispersal mortality risks. To address this question, we investigated whether heterocarpy in Grindelia ciliata (Asteraceae) also offsets mortality risks posed by a seed predator Schinia mortua (Noctuidae) to increase plant fitness. METHODS: We conducted two manipulative experiments to quantify critical life history components of this plant-insect interaction. We measured predispersal achene mortality from herbivory, postdispersal achene mortality in the seed bank, and seedling emergence. These measurements were then used in deterministic models to evaluate evolutionary consequences of predispersal seed mortality in G. ciliata. KEY RESULTS: Dormant achene types were less vulnerable to herbivory but more susceptible to mortality in the seed bank due to delayed seed emergence. Nondormant achene types experienced high predispersal mortality but low seed bank mortality due to rapid germination. Our herbivore-dependent model improved fit between observed and expected proportions of dormant and nondormant G. ciliata achenes and showed that heterocarpy could evolve in the absence of postgermination mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides empirical support of how predispersal herbivory can be equally important to postdispersal seed mortality risks in the evolution and maintenance of a heterocarpic reproductive system and expands understanding of how bet-hedging theory can be used to understand this unique reproductive strategy. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Evolução Biológica Aptidão Genética Grindelia/fisiologia Herbivoria Mariposas/fisiologia Dormência de Plantas [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Grindelia/genética Grindelia/crescimento & desenvolvimento Larva/crescimento & desenvolvimento Larva/fisiologia Mariposas/crescimento & desenvolvimento Oklahoma Dispersão de Sementes [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171121 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171121 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160811 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1600078

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[PMID]: 26119826 [Au] Autor: Zerbe P; Rodriguez SM; Mafu S; Chiang A; Sandhu HK; O'Neil-Johnson M; Starks CM; Bohlmann J [Ad] Endereço: Department of Plant Biology, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. [Ti] Título: Exploring diterpene metabolism in non-model species: transcriptome-enabled discovery and functional characterization of labda-7,13E-dienyl diphosphate synthase from Grindelia robusta. [So] Source: Plant J;83(5):783-93, 2015 Sep. [Is] ISSN: 1365-313X [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Grindelia robusta or gumweed, is a medicinal herb of the sunflower family that forms a diverse suite of diterpenoid natural products. Its major constituents, grindelic acid and related grindelane diterpenoids accumulate in a resinous exudate covering the plants' surfaces, most prominently the unopened composite flower. Recent studies demonstrated potential pharmaceutical applications for grindelic acid and its synthetic derivatives. Mining of the previously published transcriptome of G. robusta flower tissue identified two additional diterpene synthases (diTPSs). We report the in vitro and in vivo functional characterization of an ent-kaurene synthase of general metabolism (GrTPS4) and a class II diTPS (GrTPS2) of specialized metabolism that converts geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) into labda-7,13E-dienyl diphosphate as verified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. Tissue-specific transcript abundance of GrTPS2 in leaves and flowers accompanied by the presence of an endocyclic 7,13 double bond in labda-7,13E-dienyl diphosphate suggest that GrTPS2 catalyzes the first committed reaction in the biosynthesis of grindelic acid and related grindelane metabolites. With the formation of labda-7,13E-dienyl diphosphate, GrTPS2 adds an additional function to the portfolio of monofunctional class II diTPSs, which catalytically most closely resembles the bifunctional labda-7,13E-dien-15-ol synthase of the lycopod Selaginella moellendorffii. Together with a recently identified functional diTPS pair of G. robusta producing manoyl oxide, GrTPS2 lays the biosynthetic foundation of the diverse array of labdane-related diterpenoids in the genus Grindelia. Knowledge of these natural diterpenoid metabolic pathways paves the way for developing biotechnology approaches toward producing grindelic acid and related bioproducts. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Alquil e Aril Transferases/metabolismo Diterpenos Caurânicos/metabolismo Diterpenos/metabolismo Grindelia/genética Grindelia/metabolismo Liases Intramoleculares/metabolismo Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Alquil e Aril Transferases/genética Diterpenos Caurânicos/genética Perfilação da Expressão Gênica Regulação Enzimológica da Expressão Gênica Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas Liases Intramoleculares/genética Dados de Sequência Molecular Filogenia Proteínas de Plantas/genética Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas Tabaco/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Diterpenes); 0 (Diterpenes, Kaurane); 0 (Plant Proteins); EC 2.5.- (Alkyl and Aryl Transferases); EC 2.5.1.- (kaurene synthetase); EC 5.5.- (Intramolecular Lyases); EC 5.5.- (labda-7,13-dienyl diphosphate synthase, Grindelia robusta) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1606 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 150825 [Lr] Data última revisão: 150825 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 150630 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12925

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[PMID]: 25017625 [Au] Autor: Alza NP; Richmond V; Baier CJ; Freire E; Baggio R; Murray AP [Ad] Endereço: INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Argentina. [Ti] Título: Synthesis and cholinesterase inhibition of cativic acid derivatives. [So] Source: Bioorg Med Chem;22(15):3838-49, 2014 Aug 01. [Is] ISSN: 1464-3391 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with memory impairment and cognitive deficit. Most of the drugs currently available for the treatment of AD are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. In a preliminary study, significant AChE inhibition was observed for the ethanolic extract of Grindelia ventanensis (IC50=0.79 mg/mL). This result prompted us to isolate the active constituent, a normal labdane diterpenoid identified as 17-hydroxycativic acid (1), through a bioassay guided fractionation. Taking into account that 1 showed moderate inhibition of AChE (IC50=21.1 µM), selectivity over butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (IC50=171.1 µM) and that it was easily obtained from the plant extract in a very good yield (0.15% w/w), we decided to prepare semisynthetic derivatives of this natural diterpenoid through simple structural modifications. A set of twenty new cativic acid derivatives (3-6) was prepared from 1 through transformations on the carboxylic group at C-15, introducing a C2-C6 linker and a tertiary amine group. They were tested for their inhibitory activity against AChE and BChE and some structure-activity relationships were outlined. The most active derivative was compound 3c, with an IC50 value of 3.2 µM for AChE. Enzyme kinetic studies and docking modeling revealed that this inhibitor targeted both the catalytic active site and the peripheral anionic site of this enzyme. Furthermore, 3c showed significant inhibition of AChE activity in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, and was non-cytotoxic. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Inibidores da Colinesterase/síntese química Diterpenos/síntese química [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Acetilcolinesterase/química Acetilcolinesterase/metabolismo Animais Sítios de Ligação Butirilcolinesterase/química Butirilcolinesterase/metabolismo Domínio Catalítico Linhagem Celular Tumoral Inibidores da Colinesterase/química Inibidores da Colinesterase/metabolismo Cristalografia por Raios X Diterpenos/química Diterpenos/metabolismo Grindelia/química Grindelia/metabolismo Seres Humanos Cinética Conformação Molecular Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (17-hydroxycativic acid); 0 (Cholinesterase Inhibitors); 0 (Diterpenes); EC 3.1.1.7 (Acetylcholinesterase); EC 3.1.1.8 (Butyrylcholinesterase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1603 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171116 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171116 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 140715 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 24868887 [Au] Autor: Veres K; Roza O; Laczkó-Zöld E; Hohmann J [Ti] Título: Chemical composition of essential oils of Grindelia squarrosa and G. hirsutula. [So] Source: Nat Prod Commun;9(4):573-4, 2014 Apr. [Is] ISSN: 1934-578X [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The essential oils of Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal and G. hirsutula Hook. & Am. cultivated in Romania were isolated by hydrodistillation. The essential oils were analyzed by a combination of GC-FID and GC-MS. The identification of the constituents was achieved from their retention indices and comparison of their MS data with computer library database and literature data. The fifty-six identified constituents accounted for 72.1-81.3% of the oils. The oils were found to contain a-pinene, beta-pinene, limonene, borneol, bornyl acetate and germacrene D as main constituents. The oils obtained from the two species showed small differences in chemical composition. However, menthol, menthone and pulegone were detected only in the essential oil of G. hirsutula. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Grindelia/química Óleos Vegetais/química [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Cromatografia Gasosa Brotos de Planta [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Plant Oils) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1406 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 140529 [Lr] Data última revisão: 140529 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 140530 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 24755840 [Au] Autor: Moore AJ; Moore WL; Baldwin BG [Ad] Endereço: Institut für Spezielle Botanik und Botanischer Garten, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Department of Integrative Biology and Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America. [Ti] Título: Genetic and ecotypic differentiation in a Californian plant polyploid complex (Grindelia, Asteraceae). [So] Source: PLoS One;9(4):e95656, 2014. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Studies of ecotypic differentiation in the California Floristic Province have contributed greatly to plant evolutionary biology since the pioneering work of Clausen, Keck, and Hiesey. The extent of gene flow and genetic differentiation across interfertile ecotypes that span major habitats in the California Floristic Province is understudied, however, and is important for understanding the prospects for local adaptation to evolve or persist in the face of potential gene flow across populations in different ecological settings. We used microsatellite data to examine local differentiation in one of these lineages, the Pacific Coast polyploid complex of the plant genus Grindelia (Asteraceae). We examined 439 individuals in 10 different populations. The plants grouped broadly into a coastal and an inland set of populations. The coastal group contained plants from salt marshes and coastal bluffs, as well as a population growing in a serpentine grassland close to the coast, while the inland group contained grassland plants. No evidence for hybridization was found at the single location where adjacent populations of the two groups were sampled. In addition to differentiation along ecotypic lines, there was also a strong signal of local differentiation, with the plants grouping strongly by population. The strength of local differentiation is consistent with the extensive morphological variation observed across populations and the history of taxonomic confusion in the group. The Pacific Clade of Grindelia and other young Californian plant groups warrant additional analysis of evolutionary divergence along the steep coast-to-inland climatic gradient, which has been associated with local adaptation and ecotype formation since the classic studies of Clausen, Keck, and Hiesey. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Evolução Biológica Ecótipo Grindelia/genética Poliploidia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: California Loci Gênicos Genótipo Geografia Repetições de Microssatélites [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Em] Mês de entrada: 1501 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170220 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170220 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 140424 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095656

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[PMID]: 24603350 [Au] Autor: Ferreres F; Grosso C; Gil-Izquierdo A; Valentão P; Azevedo C; Andrade PB [Ad] Endereço: Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: federico@cebas.csic.es. [Ti] Título: HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS(n) analysis of phenolic compounds for quality control of Grindelia robusta Nutt. and bioactivities. [So] Source: J Pharm Biomed Anal;94:163-72, 2014 Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1873-264X [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The phenolic composition of herbal tea (HT) and hydromethanolic extract (HME) obtained from Grindelia robusta Nutt. was studied by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS(n). Thirty six flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids were detected, from which thirty are described for the first time in this species. Quantification by HPLC-DAD showed that diosmetin-7-O-glucuronide-3'-O-pentoside+apigenin-7-O-glucuronide-4'-O-pentoside, apigenin-7-O-glucuronide+diosmetin-7-O-glucuronide and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid+3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid were the major compounds. Since the health-promoting effects of natural phenolic compounds against brain disorders is of increasing interest, HT and HME were also tested against oxygen and nitrogen reactive species and against enzymes related with Alzheimer's disease and depression. Extracts displayed strong in vitro scavenging activity and monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) inhibitory activity. The anti-MAO-A capacity was observed at non-toxic concentrations for SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line, reinforcing the benefits of G. robusta HT. However, no protection against hydrogen peroxide treatment was observed. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Ácidos Cumáricos/química Ácidos Cumáricos/farmacologia Grindelia/química Fenóis/química Fenóis/farmacologia Extratos Vegetais/química Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Antioxidantes/química Antioxidantes/farmacologia Bebidas Linhagem Celular Tumoral Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos Flavonoides/química Flavonoides/farmacologia Seres Humanos Neuroblastoma/tratamento farmacológico Controle de Qualidade Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray/métodos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Antioxidants); 0 (Coumaric Acids); 0 (Flavonoids); 0 (Phenols); 0 (Plant Extracts) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1411 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 140325 [Lr] Data última revisão: 140325 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 140308 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 24591319 [Au] Autor: Alza NP; Pferschy-Wenzig EM; Ortmann S; Kretschmer N; Kunert O; Rechberger GN; Bauer R; Murray AP [Ad] Endereço: INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Avenida Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca, 8000, Argentina (phone: +54-291-4595101 ext 3538; fax: +54-291-4595187). [Ti] Título: Inhibition of NO production by Grindelia argentina and isolation of three new cytotoxic saponins. [So] Source: Chem Biodivers;11(2):311-22, 2014 Feb. [Is] ISSN: 1612-1880 [Cp] País de publicação: Switzerland [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: A bioassay-guided phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of Grindelia argentina Deble & Oliveira-Deble (Asteraceae) allowed the isolation of a known flavone, hispidulin, and three new oleanane-type saponins, 3-O-ß-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-ß-D-glucopyranosyl-2ß,3ß,16α,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-ß-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-ß-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→3)-ß-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl ester (2), 3-O-ß-D-glucopyranosyl-2ß,3ß,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-ß-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-ß-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→3)-ß-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl ester, (3) and 3-O-ß-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-ß-D-glucopyranosyl-2ß,3ß,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-ß-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-ß-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→3)-ß-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl ester (4), named grindeliosides A-C, respectively. Their structures were determined by extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments along with mass spectrometry and chemical evidence. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against LPS/IFN-γ-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages and for their cytotoxic activities against the human leukemic cell line CCRF-CEM and MRC-5 lung fibroblasts. Hispidulin markedly reduced LPS/IFN-γ-induced NO production (IC50 51.4 µM), while grindeliosides A-C were found to be cytotoxic, with grindelioside C being the most active against both CCRF-CEM (IC50 4.2±0.1 µM) and MRC-5 (IC50 4.5±0.1 µM) cell lines. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Grindelia/química Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese Saponinas/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Linhagem Celular Proliferação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos Fibroblastos/metabolismo Seres Humanos Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos Macrófagos/metabolismo Estrutura Molecular Saponinas/química Saponinas/isolamento & purificação Relação Estrutura-Atividade [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Saponins); 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1412 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 140304 [Lr] Data última revisão: 140304 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 140305 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201300193

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[PMID]: 22876612 [Au] Autor: Nowak S; Rychlinska I [Ad] Endereço: Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lódz, 1 Muszyiskiego St., 90-151 Lódz, Poland. slawomira.nowak@umed.lodz.pl [Ti] Título: Phenolic acids in the flowers and leaves of Grindelia robusta Nutt. and Grindelia squarrosa Dun. (Asteraceae). [So] Source: Acta Pol Pharm;69(4):693-8, 2012 Jul-Aug. [Is] ISSN: 0001-6837 [Cp] País de publicação: Poland [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: 2D-TLC and RP-HPLC methods were applied to qualitatively determinate free phenolic acids and those liberated by acid and alkaline hydrolysis in the flowers and leaves of G. robusta and G. squarrosa. The presence of eleven phenolic acids, namely: caffeic, chlorogenic, p-coumaric, p-hydroxybenzoic, ferulic, gallic, protocatechuic, vanillic salicylic, p-hydroxyphenylacetic and ellagic acids was determined. Quantitative estimate of phenolic acids, expressed as caffeic acid, has been analyzed by the method described in the Polish Pharmacopoeia VIII. The content of phenolic acids in G. robusta reached 7.33 mg/g and 6.23 mg/g for flowers and leaves, respectively. The flowers and leaves of G. squarrosa were characterized by similar level of phenolic acids, namely 6.81 mg/g and 6.59 mg/g, respectively. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Grindelia/química Hidroxibenzoatos/análise [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Calibragem Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/normas Cromatografia em Camada Delgada/normas Flores Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio Hidrólise Folhas de Planta Padrões de Referência [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Hydroxybenzoates); 29656-58-4 (phenolic acid) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1208 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 121115 [Lr] Data última revisão: 121115 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 120811 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 21031629 [Au] Autor: La VD; Lazzarin F; Ricci D; Fraternale D; Genovese S; Epifano F; Grenier D [Ad] Endereço: Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, 2420 Rue de la Terrasse, Québec City, QC, Canada. [Ti] Título: Active principles of Grindelia robusta exert antiinflammatory properties in a macrophage model. [So] Source: Phytother Res;24(11):1687-92, 2010 Nov. [Is] ISSN: 1099-1573 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Plant extracts and/or secondary metabolites are receiving considerable attention as therapeutic agents for treating inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis, which affects the tooth supporting tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a Grindelia robusta extract enriched in saponins and polyphenols on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory mediator (IL-6, TNF-a, RANTES, MCP-1, PGE(2) ) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1, -3, -7, -8, -9, -13) secretion by macrophages. LPS induced a marked increase in the secretion of all inflammatory mediators and MMPs tested by macrophages, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. At non-cytotoxic concentrations, the G. robusta extract inhibited dose-dependently the secretion of IL-6, RANTES, MCP-1 and, to a lesser extent, PGE(2) and TNF-a. Such inhibition was also observed for MMP-1, -3, -7, -8, -9 and -13 secretion. This ability of G. robusta extract to reduce the LPS-induced secretion of inflammatory mediators and MMPs was associated with a reduction of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) p65 activation. The results suggest that G. robusta extract possesses an antiinflammatory therapeutic potential through its capacity to reduce the accumulation of inflammatory mediators and MMPs. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia Grindelia/química Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Seres Humanos Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia Macrófagos/secreção Metaloproteinases da Matriz/secreção Pasteurellaceae/química Células U937 [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents); 0 (Inflammation Mediators); 0 (Lipopolysaccharides); 0 (Plant Extracts); EC 3.4.24.- (Matrix Metalloproteinases) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1101 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 101029 [Lr] Data última revisão: 101029 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 101030 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3195

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