Base de dados : MEDLINE Pesquisa : B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.341.968 [Categoria DeCS] Referências encontradas : 48 [refinar] Mostrando: 1 .. 10   no formato [Detalhado]

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[PMID]: 28837638 [Au] Autor: Thomas E; Valdivia J; Alcázar Caicedo C; Quaedvlieg J; Wadt LHO; Corvera R [Ad] Endereço: Bioversity International, Lima, Peru. [Ti] Título: NTFP harvesters as citizen scientists: Validating traditional and crowdsourced knowledge on seed production of Brazil nut trees in the Peruvian Amazon. [So] Source: PLoS One;12(8):e0183743, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Understanding the factors that underlie the production of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), as well as regularly monitoring production levels, are key to allow sustainability assessments of NTFP extractive economies. Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa, Lecythidaceae) seed harvesting from natural forests is one of the cornerstone NTFP economies in Amazonia. In the Peruvian Amazon it is organized in a concession system. Drawing on seed production estimates of >135,000 individual Brazil nut trees from >400 concessions and ethno-ecological interviews with >80 concession holders, here we aimed to (i) assess the accuracy of seed production estimates by Brazil nut seed harvesters, and (ii) validate their traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) about the variables that influence Brazil nut production. We compared productivity estimates with actual field measurements carried out in the study area and found a positive correlation between them. Furthermore, we compared the relationships between seed production and a number of phenotypic, phytosanitary and environmental variables described in literature with those obtained for the seed production estimates and found high consistency between them, justifying the use of the dataset for validating TEK and innovative hypothesis testing. As expected, nearly all TEK on Brazil nut productivity was corroborated by our data. This is reassuring as Brazil nut concession holders, and NTFP harvesters at large, rely on their knowledge to guide the management of the trees upon which their extractive economies are based. Our findings suggest that productivity estimates of Brazil nut trees and possibly other NTFP-producing species could replace or complement actual measurements, which are very expensive and labour intensive, at least in areas where harvesters have a tradition of collecting NTFPs from the same trees over multiple years or decades. Productivity estimates might even be sourced from harvesters through registers on an annual basis, thus allowing a more cost-efficient and robust monitoring of productivity levels. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Conservação dos Recursos Naturais Crowdsourcing Florestas Lecythidaceae/embriologia Sementes [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Peru [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; VALIDATION STUDIES [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171023 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171023 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170825 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183743

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[PMID]: 28481404 [Au] Autor: Kubota TYK; Silva AM; Cambuim J; Silva AA; Pupin S; Silva MS; Moraes MA; Moraes MLT; Sebbenn AM [Ad] Endereço: Departamento de Fitotecnia, Tecnologia de Alimentos e Sócio Economia, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brasil thaisayuriko@yahoo.com.br. [Ti] Título: Mendelian inheritance, genetic linkage, and genotypic disequilibrium for nine microsatellite loci in Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze (Lecythidaceae). [So] Source: Genet Mol Res;16(2), 2017 May 04. [Is] ISSN: 1676-5680 [Cp] País de publicação: Brazil [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Cariniana estrellensis is one of the largest trees found in Brazilian tropical forests. The species is typical of advanced stages of succession, characteristic of climax forests, and essential in genetic conservation and environmental restoration plans. In this study, we assessed Mendelian inheritance, genetic linkage, and genotypic disequilibrium in nine microsatellite loci for a C. estrellensis population. We sampled and genotyped 285 adult trees and collected seeds from 20 trees in a fragmented forest landscape in Brazil. Based on maternal genotypes and their seeds, we found no deviation from the expected 1:1 Mendelian segregation and no genetic linkage between pairwise loci. However, for adults, genotypic disequilibrium was detected for four pairs of loci, suggesting that this result was not caused by genetic linkage. Based on these results, we analyzed microsatellite loci that are suitable for use in population genetic studies assessing genetic diversity, mating system, and gene flow in C. estrellensis populations. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Lecythidaceae/genética Desequilíbrio de Ligação Repetições de Microssatélites [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Brasil Florestas Fluxo Gênico Genótipo Sementes/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1708 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170807 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170807 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170509 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.4238/gmr16029653

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[PMID]: 28013553 [Au] Autor: Costa DCM; Azevedo MMB; Silva DOE; Romanos MTV; Souto-Padrón TCBS; Alviano CS; Alviano DS [Ad] Endereço: a Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IMPG-UFRJ), CCS, Ilha do Fundão , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil. [Ti] Título: In vitro anti-MRSA activity of Couroupita guianensis extract and its component Tryptanthrin. [So] Source: Nat Prod Res;31(17):2077-2080, 2017 Sep. [Is] ISSN: 1478-6427 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Couroupita guianensis is known in Brazil as 'Abricó-de-Macaco' and it has some attributes such as: antihypertensive, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract and fractions of C. guianensis flowers and isolation of bioactive component. These extracts and fractions were subjected to agar diffusion, MIC, TLC and bioautography to bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeasts. Among the fractions of EtOH extract, the DCM fraction was the most active, particularly against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with MIC of 156 µg/mL. The active compound in this fraction was identified as Tryptanthrin, which showed promising antibacterial activity for MRSA showing MIC of 62.5 µg/mL. Ultrastructural analysis of MRSA incubated in the presence of Tryptanthrin by transmission electron microscope showed significant alterations in the cellular structure. Cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that DCM fraction and Tryptanthrin showed low toxicity, which makes it a promising candidate for alternative therapies to control and combat diseases. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antibacterianos/farmacologia Lecythidaceae/química Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos Quinazolinas/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Antibacterianos/química Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos Brasil Cercopithecus aethiops Flores/química Fungos/efeitos dos fármacos Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/ultraestrutura Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão Extratos Vegetais/química Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia Plantas Medicinais/química Quinazolinas/toxicidade Células Vero [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (Plant Extracts); 0 (Quinazolines); 13220-57-0 (tryptanthrine) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171017 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171017 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161227 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1272110

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[PMID]: 28000476 [Au] Autor: Vidal Martins M; Montezano de Carvalho IM; Magalhães Caetano MM; Lopes Toledo RC; Avelar Xavier A; De Queiroz JH [Ad] Endereço: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Campus Barreiras. marcosvidalmartins@yahoo.com.br. [Ti] Título: Neuroprotective effect of Sapucaia nuts (Lecythis pisonis)on rats fed with high-fat diet. [So] Source: Nutr Hosp;33(6):1424-1429, 2016 Nov 29. [Is] ISSN: 1699-5198 [Cp] País de publicação: Spain [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Lecythis pisonis Cambess is commonly known as "castanha de sapucaia" in Brazil. Chemical composition studies revealed that this nut is an excellent source of anti-oxidant minerals and of essential lipids. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to assess the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of Lecythis pisonis Cambess on the brain tissue of Wistar rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The animals were divided in four experimental groups (n = 6), total of forty-eight rats. Treatments included the standard diet (AIN-93G) and high-fat food, supplemented with Sapucaianut from 14 to 28 days. The gene expression markers TNF-α, NFkB, ZnSOD and HSP-72 were defined through reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR). The anti-oxidant effect was assessed through the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and the measurement of the activity performed by superoxide dismutase enzymes. RESULTS: Accordingly, the gene expression of the inflammatory markers NFkB (p65) and TNF-αwas lower in rats fed on diets supplemented with "sapucaia", and they presented significant difference in the Tukey test (p < 0.05). The heat-shock HSP-72 protein and the ZnSOD enzyme raised the gene expression and showed significant statistical difference (p < 0.05) in both groups fed on Sapucaia nut-based diet. CONCLUSION: Thus, the nutritional properties of the Sapucaia nuts perform important neuroprotective activities because they modulated the anti-oxidant activity and the brain tissue inflammatory process in the assessed animals. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Bertholletia/química Gorduras na Dieta/efeitos adversos Lecythidaceae/química Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Antioxidantes/metabolismo Química Encefálica/efeitos dos fármacos Inflamação/prevenção & controle Masculino Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos Ratos Ratos Wistar [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Antioxidants); 0 (Dietary Fats); 0 (Neuroprotective Agents) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171023 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171023 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161222 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.20960/nh.805

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[PMID]: 26732702 [Au] Autor: Subramaniam J; Murugan K; Panneerselvam C; Kovendan K; Madhiyazhagan P; Dinesh D; Kumar PM; Chandramohan B; Suresh U; Rajaganesh R; Alsalhi MS; Devanesan S; Nicoletti M; Canale A; Benelli G [Ad] Endereço: Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India. [Ti] Título: Multipurpose effectiveness of Couroupita guianensis-synthesized gold nanoparticles: high antiplasmodial potential, field efficacy against malaria vectors and synergy with Aplocheilus lineatus predators. [So] Source: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int;23(8):7543-58, 2016 Apr. [Is] ISSN: 1614-7499 [Cp] País de publicação: Germany [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Mosquito-borne diseases represent a deadly threat for millions of people worldwide. According to recent estimates, about 3.2 billion people, almost half of the world's population, are at risk of malaria. Malaria control is particularly challenging due to a growing number of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium and pesticide-resistant Anopheles vectors. Newer and safer control tools are required. In this research, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were biosynthesized using a cheap flower extract of Couroupita guianensis as reducing and stabilizing agent. The biofabrication of AuNP was confirmed by UV-vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), zeta potential, and particle size analysis. AuNP showed different shapes including spheres, ovals, and triangles. AuNPs were crystalline in nature with face-centered cubic geometry; mean size was 29.2-43.8 nm. In laboratory conditions, AuNPs were toxic against Anopheles stephensi larvae, pupae, and adults. LC50 was 17.36 ppm (larva I), 19.79 ppm (larva II), 21.69 ppm (larva III), 24.57 ppm (larva IV), 28.78 ppm (pupa), and 11.23 ppm (adult). In the field, a single treatment with C. guianensis flower extract and AuNP (10 × LC50) led to complete larval mortality after 72 h. In standard laboratory conditions, the predation efficiency of golden wonder killifish, Aplocheilus lineatus, against A. stephensi IV instar larvae was 56.38 %, while in an aquatic environment treated with sub-lethal doses of the flower extract or AuNP, predation efficiency was boosted to 83.98 and 98.04 %, respectively. Lastly, the antiplasmodial activity of C. guianensis flower extract and AuNP was evaluated against CQ-resistant (CQ-r) and CQ-sensitive (CQ-s) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. IC50 of C. guianensis flower extract was 43.21 µg/ml (CQ-s) and 51.16 µg/ml (CQ-r). AuNP IC50 was 69.47 µg/ml (CQ-s) and 76.33 µg/ml (CQ-r). Overall, our results showed the multipurpose effectiveness of C. guianensis-synthesized AuNPs, since they may be proposed as newer and safer tools in the fight against CQ-r strains of P. falciparum and for field control of malaria vectors, in synergy with wonder killifish predators. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Anopheles/parasitologia Antimaláricos/farmacologia Ouro/farmacologia Insetos Vetores/efeitos dos fármacos Lecythidaceae/química Nanopartículas Metálicas/análise Plasmodium falciparum/efeitos dos fármacos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Antimaláricos/análise Ciprinodontiformes/fisiologia Flores/química Ouro/análise Inseticidas/análise Inseticidas/farmacologia Larva/efeitos dos fármacos Malária/parasitologia Malária/prevenção & controle Malária/transmissão Nanopartículas Metálicas/química Extratos Vegetais/química Comportamento Predatório/efeitos dos fármacos Pupa/efeitos dos fármacos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Antimalarials); 0 (Insecticides); 0 (Plant Extracts); 7440-57-5 (Gold) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1703 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171103 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171103 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160107 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-6007-0

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[PMID]: 26732014 [Au] Autor: Guidugli MC; Nazareno AG; Feres JM; Contel EP; Mestriner MA; Alzate-Marin AL [Ad] Endereço: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Genética-Bloco B, Laboratório de Genética Vegetal, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. [Ti] Título: Small but not isolated: a population genetic survey of the tropical tree Cariniana estrellensis (Lecythidaceae) in a highly fragmented habitat. [So] Source: Heredity (Edinb);116(3):339-47, 2016 Mar. [Is] ISSN: 1365-2540 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Here, we explore the mating pattern and genetic structure of a tropical tree species, Cariniana estrellensis, in a small population in which progeny arrays (n=399), all adults (n=28) and all seedlings (n=39) were genotyped at nine highly informative microsatellite loci. From progeny arrays we were able to identify the source tree for at least 78% of pollination events. The gene immigration rates, mainly attributable to pollen, were high, varying from 23.5 to 53%. Although gene dispersal over long distance was observed, the effective gene dispersal distances within the small population were relatively short, with mean pollination distances varying from 69.9 to 146.9 m, and seed dispersal distances occurring up to a mean of 119.6 m. Mating system analyses showed that C. estrellensis is an allogamous species (tm=0.999), with both biparental inbreeding (tm-ts=-0.016) and selfing rates (s=0.001) that are not significantly different from zero. Even though the population is small, the presence of private alleles in both seedlings and progeny arrays and the elevated rates of gene immigration indicate that the C. estrellensis population is not genetically isolated. However, genetic diversity expressed by allelic richness was significantly lower in postfragmentation life stages. Although there was a loss of genetic diversity, indicating susceptibility of C. estrellensis to habitat fragmentation, no evidence of inbreeding or spatial genetic structure was observed across generations. Overall, C. estrellensis showed some resilience to negative genetic effects of habitat fragmentation, but conservation strategies are needed to preserve the remaining genetic diversity of this population. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Ecossistema Variação Genética Genética Populacional Lecythidaceae/genética Árvores/genética [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Brasil Conservação dos Recursos Naturais DNA de Plantas/genética Genótipo Endogamia Repetições de Microssatélites Polinização/genética Reprodução/genética Análise de Sequência de DNA [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (DNA, Plant) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1606 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170301 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170301 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160107 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2015.108

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[PMID]: 26256316 [Au] Autor: Bomba FD; Wandji BA; Piegang BN; Awouafack MD; Sriram D; Yogeeswari P; Kamanyi A; Nguelefack TB [Ad] Endereço: Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon. [Ti] Título: Antinociceptive properties of the aqueous and methanol extracts of the stem bark of Petersianthus macrocarpus (P. Beauv.) Liben (Lecythidaceae) in mice. [So] Source: J Ethnopharmacol;174:66-73, 2015 Nov 04. [Is] ISSN: 1872-7573 [Cp] País de publicação: Ireland [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Aqueous maceration from the stem barks of Petersianthus macrocarpus (P. Beauv.) Liben (Lecythidaceae) is taken orally in the central Africa for the management of various ailments, including pain. AIM OF THE STUDY: This work was carried out to evaluate in mice, the antinociceptive effects of the aqueous and methanol extracts of the stem bark of P. macrocarpus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The chemical composition of the aqueous and methanol extracts prepared as cold macerations was determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LCMS). The antinociceptive effects of these extracts administered orally at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg were evaluated using behavioral pain model induced by acetic acid, formalin, hot-plate, capsaicin and glutamate. The rotarod test was also performed at the same doses. The oral acute toxicity of both extracts was studied at the doses of 800, 1600, 3200 and 6400 mg/kg in mice. RESULT: The LCMS analysis revealed the presence of ellagic acid as the major constituent in the methanol extract. Both extracts of P. macrocarpus significantly and dose dependently reduced the time and number of writhing induced by acetic acid. They also significantly inhibited the two phases of formalin-induced pain. These effects were significantly inhibited by a pretreatment with naloxone, except for the analgesic activity of the methanol extract at the earlier phase. In addition, nociception induced by hot plate, intraplantar injection of capsaicin or glutamate was significantly inhibited by both extracts. Acute toxicity test showed no sign of toxicity. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that aqueous and methanol extracts of P. macrocarpus are none toxic substances with good central and peripheral antinociceptive effects that are at least partially due to the presence of ellagic acid. These extracts may induce their antinociceptive effect by interfering with opioid, capsaicin and excitatory amino acid pathways. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Analgésicos/farmacologia Lecythidaceae Metanol/farmacologia Medição da Dor/efeitos dos fármacos Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia Água/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Analgésicos/isolamento & purificação Animais Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga Feminino Masculino Camundongos Medição da Dor/métodos Casca de Planta Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação Caules de Planta [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Analgesics); 0 (Plant Extracts); 059QF0KO0R (Water); Y4S76JWI15 (Methanol) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1608 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 151106 [Lr] Data última revisão: 151106 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 150811 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 26197504 [Au] Autor: Duarte RC; Matos CR; Braz-Filho R; Mathias L [Ti] Título: Chemical Constituents of Lecythispisonis (Lecythidaceae)--A New Saponin and Complete 1H and 13C Chemical Shift Assignments. [So] Source: Nat Prod Commun;10(6):871-4, 2015 Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1934-578X [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: A novel triterpenoid saponin 3-O-ß-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1' --> 3)-2α,19α-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid [3-O-ß-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1' --> 3)-arjunic acid, 1], ten known compounds [six triterpenoids: α-amyrin (2), ß-amyrin (3), germanicol (4), lupeol (5), friedelin (6), friedelanol (7); four steroids--campesterol (8), stigmasterol (9), sitosterol (10), cholesterol (11)], and a long chain alcohol n-eicosan-1-ol (12) were identified in the bark of Lecythis pisonis. The structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy (1H and 13C-NMR, DEPTQ, 1H-1H-COSY, NOESY, HSQC and HMBC), low (CG-MS) and high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), and infrared (IR) spectral data involving comparison with the literature. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Lecythidaceae/química Extratos Vegetais/química Saponinas/química [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética Estrutura Molecular [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Plant Extracts); 0 (Saponins) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1508 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 150722 [Lr] Data última revisão: 150722 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 150723 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 26062113 [Au] Autor: Piana M; de Brum TF; Boligon AA; Alves CF; de Freitas RB; Nunes LT; Mossmann NJ; Janovik V; Jesus RS; Vaucher RA; Santos RC; Athayde ML [Ad] Endereço: Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. [Ti] Título: In vitro growth-inhibitory effect of Brazilian plants extracts against Paenibacillus larvae and toxicity in bees. [So] Source: An Acad Bras Cienc;87(2):1041-7, 2015 Apr-Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1678-2690 [Cp] País de publicação: Brazil [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: American foulbrood (AFB) is a serious worldwide spreading disease in bees caused by Paenibacillus larvae. Plants extracts are known to decrease or inhibit the growth of these bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Calendula. officinalis, Cariniana domestica, and Nasturtium officinale extracts against the P. larvae and to evaluate the toxicity of the extracts in bees. In vitro activity against P. larvae of the extracts was evaluated by micro dilution method and the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were also determined. The concentrations used in the toxicity test were established based on the MIC values and by the spraying application method. The P. larvae was susceptible to the evaluated crude extract of C. officinalis and N. officinale. To C. domestica, only the ethyl acetate (EtAc) fraction and n-butanol (BuOH) fractions had activity against P. larvae. Toxicity analysis in bees showed no toxicity for N. officinale crude extract and for C. domestica BuOH fraction during 15 days of treatment, however, some deaths of bees occurred during the first three days of treatment with C. officinalis and C. domestica EtAc fraction. The results with these species were firstly described and showed that N. officinale crude extract and C. domestica BuOH fraction both presented not toxic effects in the concentration tested by the spraying application method, and can be a useful alternative for treatment or prevention of AFB. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Abelhas/efeitos dos fármacos Calendula/química Lecythidaceae/química Nasturtium/química Paenibacillus/efeitos dos fármacos Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas Larva/efeitos dos fármacos Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade Testes de Toxicidade [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Plant Extracts) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1512 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 150703 [Lr] Data última revisão: 150703 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 150611 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 26013016 [Au] Autor: Baskar K; Ignacimuthu S; Jayakumar M [Ad] Endereço: Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, 600 034, India, suribaskar@hotmail.com. [Ti] Título: Toxic Effects of Couroupita guianensis Against Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). [So] Source: Neotrop Entomol;44(1):84-91, 2015 Feb. [Is] ISSN: 1678-8052 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Laboratory experiments were conducted to find out the efficacy of different crude extracts and fractions of Couroupita guianensis (Lecythidaceae) against Spodoptera litura (Fabricius). Results revealed that hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of C. guianensis showed larvicidal and pupicidal activities against S. litura. Maximum larvicidal activity (68.66%) was observed in hexane extract at 5.0% concentration followed by chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts, and least LC50 value of 2.64% was observed in hexane extract. A 100% pupicidal activity was observed in hexane extract. Based on the efficacy of crude extracts, the effective crude extract (hexane extract) was further fractionated and subjected to screening for biological activities against S. litura. Among the eight fractions isolated from the hexane extract, fraction 8 showed maximum antifeedant activity (81. 8%) and larvicidal activity (76.9%) at 1000-ppm concentration; this fraction showed least LC50 value of 375.92 ppm for larvicidal activity. Cent per cent pupicidal activity was recorded. Reduced midgut and hemolymph protein contents were observed at 1000 ppm of fraction 8. Histopathological studies revealed that fraction 8 severely damaged the midgut cells of S. litura. This fraction could be used to develop botanical formulation to control agricultural pests. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Lecythidaceae Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade Spodoptera/efeitos dos fármacos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Larva/efeitos dos fármacos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Plant Extracts) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1704 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171112 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171112 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 150528 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1007/s13744-014-0260-7

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