Base de dados : MEDLINE Pesquisa : B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.670.670 [Categoria DeCS] Referências encontradas : 155 [refinar] Mostrando: 1 .. 10   no formato [Detalhado]

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[PMID]: 28791437 [Au] Autor: Ocaña-Moral S; Gutiérrez N; Torres AM; Madrid E [Ad] Endereço: Área de Genómica y Biotecnología, IFAPA Centro Alameda del Obispo, Apdo 3092, 14080, Córdoba, Spain. [Ti] Título: Saturation mapping of regions determining resistance to Ascochyta blight and broomrape in faba bean using transcriptome-based SNP genotyping. [So] Source: Theor Appl Genet;130(11):2271-2282, 2017 Nov. [Is] ISSN: 1432-2242 [Cp] País de publicação: Germany [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: KEY MESSAGE: Transcriptome-based SNP markers were genotyped in a faba bean map to saturate regions bearing QTL for Ascochyta fabae and broomrape and distinguish positional and functional candidates underlying both resistances. Faba bean is an important food crop worldwide. Marker-assisted selection for disease resistance is a top priority in current faba bean research programs, with pathogens such as Ascochyta fabae and broomrape (Orobanche crenata) being among the major constraints in global faba bean production. However, progress in genetics and genomics in this species has lagged behind that of other grain legumes. Although genetic maps are available, most markers are not in or are too distant from target genes to enable an accurate prediction of the desired phenotypes. In this study, a set of SNP markers located in gene coding regions was selected using transcriptomic data. Ninety-two new SNP markers were genotyped to obtain the most complete map reported so far in the 29H × Vf136 faba bean population. Most of the QTL regions previously described in this cross were enriched with SNP markers. Two QTLs for O. crenata resistance (Oc7 and Oc8) were confirmed. Oc7 and Oc10 located nearby a QTL for A. fabae resistance suggested that these genomic regions might encode common resistance mechanisms and could be targets for selection strategies against both pathogens. We also confirmed three regions in chromosomes II (Af2), III (Af3) and VI associated with Ascochyta blight resistance. The QTLs ratified in the present study are now flanked by or include reliable SNP markers in their intervals. This new information provides a valuable starting point in the search for relevant positional and functional candidates underlying both types of resistance. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Ascomicetos Resistência à Doença/genética Orobanche Doenças das Plantas/genética Vicia faba/genética [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Mapeamento Cromossômico Marcadores Genéticos Técnicas de Genotipagem Fenótipo Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único Locos de Características Quantitativas Transcriptoma Vicia faba/microbiologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Genetic Markers) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171018 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171018 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170810 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1007/s00122-017-2958-5

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[PMID]: 28602401 [Au] Autor: Aybeke M [Ad] Endereço: Trakya University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Balcan Campus, 22030 Edirne, Turkey. Electronic address: mehmetaybeke@gmail.com. [Ti] Título: Fusarium infection causes genotoxic disorders and antioxidant-based damages in Orobanche spp. [So] Source: Microbiol Res;201:46-51, 2017 Aug. [Is] ISSN: 1618-0623 [Cp] País de publicação: Germany [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: This study aims to evaluate the toxic effects of Fusarium oxysporum on root parasitic weed, Orobanche spp. Comparative genetic and gene expression studies were conducted on uninfected and fungus-infected orobanches. In genetic studies, isolated total DNA was amplified by RAPD PCR. Fragment properties were analysed by GTS test. According to the results, the fragment properties of control and Fusarium infected (experimental) groups varied widely; and it has been observed that Fusarium has genotoxic effects on the DNA of orobanches. In gene expression studies, the expression levels of genes encoding enzymes or proteins were associated with ROS damage and toxic effects, therefore, gene expressions of Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), Zn-superoxide dismutase (=SOD2, mitochondrial), glutamine synthetase (GS), heat shock protein gene (HSP70), BAX, Caspase-3 and BCL2 were significantly higher in the experimental group. In the light of obtained data, it was concluded that F. oxysporum (1) caused heavy ROS damage in Orobanche (2) induced significant irrevocable genotoxic effects on the DNA of Orobanche, (3) degraded protein metabolism and synthesis, and finally (4) triggered apoptosis. The results of this study can be a ground for further research on reducing the toxic effects of Fusarium on agricultural products, so that advancements in bio-herbicide technology may provide a sustainable agricultural production. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antioxidantes/efeitos adversos Fusariose Fusarium/patogenicidade Genoma de Planta/efeitos dos fármacos Micotoxinas/farmacologia Orobanche/microbiologia Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Agentes de Controle Biológico Caspase 3/genética DNA de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos DNA de Plantas/isolamento & purificação Fusariose/microbiologia Fusarium/efeitos dos fármacos Fusarium/fisiologia Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos Glutamato-Amônia Ligase/genética Proteínas de Choque Térmico/genética Herbicidas/metabolismo Herbicidas/farmacologia Mitocôndrias/enzimologia Mitocôndrias/genética Testes de Mutagenicidade/métodos Micotoxinas/metabolismo Raízes de Plantas/microbiologia Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/genética Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico/métodos Superóxido Dismutase/genética Proteína X Associada a bcl-2/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Antioxidants); 0 (Biological Control Agents); 0 (DNA, Plant); 0 (Heat-Shock Proteins); 0 (Herbicides); 0 (Mycotoxins); 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2); 0 (bcl-2-Associated X Protein); EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase); EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase 2); EC 3.4.22.- (Caspase 3); EC 6.3.1.2 (Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171002 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171002 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170613 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27589222 [Au] Autor: Hacham Y; Hershenhorn J; Dor E; Amir R [Ad] Endereço: Migal Galilee Technology Center, Kiryat Shmona, 11016 Israel. Electronic address: yaelh@migal.org.il. [Ti] Título: Primary metabolic profiling of Egyptian broomrape (Phelipanche aegyptiaca) compared to its host tomato roots. [So] Source: J Plant Physiol;205:11-19, 2016 Oct 20. [Is] ISSN: 1618-1328 [Cp] País de publicação: Germany [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Broomrape (Phelipanche aegyptiaca) is a root holoparasitic plant considered among the most destructive agricultural weeds worldwide. In order to acquire more knowledge about the metabolism of broomrape and its interaction with its tomato host, we performed primary metabolic profiling using GCMS analysis for the early developmental stage of the parasite and of infected and non-infected roots. The analysis revealed that out of 59 metabolites detected, the levels of 37 significantly increased in the parasite while the levels of 10 significantly decreased compared to the infected roots. In addition, the analysis showed that the levels of total protein in the albumin fraction, reducing sugars (representing starch) and total phenols increased by 9.8-, 4.6- and 3.3-fold, respectively, in the parasite compared to the roots. These changes suggest that P. aegyptiaca has its own metabolism that differs significantly in its regulation from those found in their host. In addition, the results have shown that the levels of most of the metabolites in the infected roots were similar to levels detected in the non-infected roots, except for seven metabolites whose levels increased in the infected versus the non-infected roots. This suggests that the parasite did not significantly affect the host primary metabolic pathways. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Lycopersicon esculentum/metabolismo Metabolômica Orobanche/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Ciclo do Ácido Cítrico Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas Germinação Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo Plantas Daninhas Análise de Componente Principal [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1704 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170424 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170424 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160903 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27539600 [Au] Autor: Schneider AC; Colwell AE; Schneeweiss GM; Baldwin BG [Ad] Endereço: Department of Integrative Biology, 1005 Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Jepson Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA acschneider@berkeley.edu. [Ti] Título: Cryptic host-specific diversity among western hemisphere broomrapes (Orobanche s.l., Orobanchaceae). [So] Source: Ann Bot;118(6):1101-1111, 2016 Nov. [Is] ISSN: 1095-8290 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The broomrapes, Orobanche sensu lato (Orobanchaceae), are common root parasites found across Eurasia, Africa and the Americas. All species native to the western hemisphere, recognized as Orobanche sections Gymnocaulis and Nothaphyllon, form a clade that has a centre of diversity in western North America, but also includes four disjunct species in central and southern South America. The wide ecological distribution coupled with moderate taxonomic diversity make this clade a valuable model system for studying the role, if any, of host-switching in driving the diversification of plant parasites. METHODS: Two spacer regions of ribosomal nuclear DNA (ITS + ETS), three plastid regions and one low-copy nuclear gene were sampled from 163 exemplars of Orobanche from across the native geographic range in order to infer a detailed phylogeny. Together with comprehensive data on the parasites' native host ranges, associations between phylogenetic lineages and host specificity are tested. KEY RESULTS: Within the two currently recognized species of O. sect. Gymnocaulis, seven strongly supported clades were found. While commonly sympatric, members of these clades each had unique host associations. Strong support for cryptic host-specific diversity was also found in sect. Nothaphyllon, while other taxonomic species were well supported. We also find strong evidence for multiple amphitropical dispersals from central North America into South America. CONCLUSIONS: Host-switching is an important driver of diversification in western hemisphere broomrapes, where host specificity has been grossly underestimated. More broadly, host specificity and host-switching probably play fundamental roles in the speciation of parasitic plants. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Orobanche/fisiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Biodiversidade América Central DNA de Plantas/genética DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética Ecologia América do Norte Orobanche/genética Filogenia Plastídeos/genética Alinhamento de Sequência Análise de Sequência de DNA América do Sul [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (DNA, Plant); 0 (DNA, Ribosomal Spacer) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1708 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171101 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171101 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160820 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27428962 [Au] Autor: Yao Z; Tian F; Cao X; Xu Y; Chen M; Xiang B; Zhao S [Ad] Endereço: Key Laboratory at Universities of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resource Utilization, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China. yaozhaoqun@sina.com. [Ti] Título: Global Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Phelipanche aegyptiaca Seed Germination. [So] Source: Int J Mol Sci;17(7), 2016 Jul 15. [Is] ISSN: 1422-0067 [Cp] País de publicação: Switzerland [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Phelipanche aegyptiaca is one of the most destructive root parasitic plants of Orobanchaceae. This plant has significant impacts on crop yields worldwide. Conditioned and host root stimulants, in particular, strigolactones, are needed for unique seed germination. However, no extensive study on this phenomenon has been conducted because of insufficient genomic information. Deep RNA sequencing, including de novo assembly and functional annotation was performed on P. aegyptiaca germinating seeds. The assembled transcriptome was used to analyze transcriptional dynamics during seed germination. Key gene categories involved were identified. A total of 274,964 transcripts were determined, and 53,921 unigenes were annotated according to the NR, GO, COG, KOG, and KEGG databases. Overall, 5324 differentially expressed genes among dormant, conditioned, and GR24-treated seeds were identified. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses demonstrated numerous DEGs related to DNA, RNA, and protein repair and biosynthesis, as well as carbohydrate and energy metabolism. Moreover, ABA and ethylene were found to play important roles in this process. GR24 application resulted in dramatic changes in ABA and ethylene-associated genes. Fluridone, a carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor, alone could induce P. aegyptiaca seed germination. In addition, conditioning was probably not the indispensable stage for P. aegyptiaca, because the transcript level variation of MAX2 and KAI2 genes (relate to strigolactone signaling) was not up-regulated by conditioning treatment. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Germinação/genética Orobanche/crescimento & desenvolvimento Proteínas de Plantas/genética Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Perfilação da Expressão Gênica Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala/métodos Orobanche/genética Sementes/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Plant Proteins) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1703 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170328 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170328 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160719 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27425246 [Au] Autor: Li W; Nguyen KH; Watanabe Y; Yamaguchi S; Tran LS [Ad] Endereço: Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan. [Ti] Título: OaMAX2 of Orobanche aegyptiaca and Arabidopsis AtMAX2 share conserved functions in both development and drought responses. [So] Source: Biochem Biophys Res Commun;478(2):521-6, 2016 09 16. [Is] ISSN: 1090-2104 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Previous studies in Arabidopsis reported that the MAX2 (more axillary growth 2) gene is a component of the strigolactone (SL) signaling pathway, which regulates a wide range of biological processes, from plant growth and development to environmental stress responses. Orobanche aegyptiaca is a harmful parasitic plant for many economically important crops. Seed germination of O. aegyptiaca is very sensitive to SLs, suggesting that O. aegyptiaca may contain components of the SL signaling pathway. To investigate this hypothesis, we identified and cloned a MAX2 ortholog from O. aegyptiaca for complementation analyses using the Arabidopsis Atmax2 mutant. The so-called OaMAX2 gene could rescue phenotypes of the Atmax2 mutant in various tested developmental aspects, including seed germination, shoot branching, leaf senescence and growth and development of hypocotyl, root hair, primary root and lateral root. More importantly, OaMAX2 could enhance the drought tolerance of Atmax2 mutant, suggesting its ability to restore the drought-tolerant phenotype of mutant plants defected in AtMAX2 function. Thus, this study provides genetic evidence that the functions of the MAX2 orthologs, and perhaps the MAX2 signaling pathways, are conserved in parasitic and non-parasitic plants. Furthermore, the results of our study enable us to develop a strategy to fight against parasitic plants by suppressing the MAX signaling, which ultimately leads to enhanced productivity of crop plants. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética Arabidopsis/crescimento & desenvolvimento Arabidopsis/genética Proteínas de Transporte/genética Orobanche/crescimento & desenvolvimento Orobanche/genética [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Aclimatação Arabidopsis/fisiologia Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo Secas Genes de Plantas Germinação Mutação Orobanche/fisiologia Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/genética Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/crescimento & desenvolvimento Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/fisiologia Estresse Fisiológico [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Arabidopsis Proteins); 0 (Carrier Proteins); 0 (MAX2 protein, Arabidopsis) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1705 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171127 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171127 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160719 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27267731 [Au] Autor: Fernández-Aparicio M; Masi M; Maddau L; Cimmino A; Evidente M; Rubiales D; Evidente A [Ad] Endereço: UMR 1347 Agroécologie, INRA , BP 86510, F-21000 Dijon, France. [Ti] Título: Induction of Haustorium Development by Sphaeropsidones in Radicles of the Parasitic Weeds Striga and Orobanche. A Structure-Activity Relationship Study. [So] Source: J Agric Food Chem;64(25):5188-96, 2016 Jun 29. [Is] ISSN: 1520-5118 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Crop attack by parasitic weeds such as Striga and Orobanche occurs through developmental processes triggered by host chemodetection. Seeds of those weed species remain dormant in the soil until germination is triggered by host root exudates. The development of haustorium, a parasitic plant organ that invades the host to withdraw its nutrients, is also initiated in Orobanchaceae by host molecular cues. The induction of haustorium development by exogenous signals has previously been reported for Striga but not for Orobanche species. In this work, we demonstrate that sphaeropsidone and epi-sphaeropsidone, two phytotoxic cyclohexene oxides isolated from the fungus Diplodia cupressi, a causal agent of cypress canker, induce haustorium development in radicles of the parasitic weeds Striga hermonthica, Orobanche crenata, and Orobanche cumana. This is the first report of chemical stimulation of haustorium development in radicles of Orobanche in the absence of host. In addition, SAR studies were carried out by testing the haustorium-inducing activity of the natural cyclohexene oxides, seven already known and four new hemisynthetic derivatives, in O. cumana, O. crenata, and S. hermonthica, to find a molecular specificity model required for haustorium induction. The results suggested that the haustorium-inducing activity is due to the possibility to convert the natural sphaeropsidone and natural and hemisynthetic derivatives in the corresponding 3-methoxyquinone and that the stereochemistry at C-5 also seems to affect this activity. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Diterpenos/química Diterpenos/farmacologia Orobanche/efeitos dos fármacos Plantas Daninhas/efeitos dos fármacos Striga/efeitos dos fármacos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Ascomicetos/química Germinação/efeitos dos fármacos Orobanche/crescimento & desenvolvimento Plantas Daninhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento Sementes/efeitos dos fármacos Striga/crescimento & desenvolvimento Relação Estrutura-Atividade [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Diterpenes); 0 (sphaeropsidone) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1703 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170330 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170330 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160609 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01910

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[PMID]: 27218223 [Au] Autor: Cala A; Ghooray K; Fernández-Aparicio M; Molinillo JM; Galindo JC; Rubiales D; Macías FA [Ad] Endereço: Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules, School of Science, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain. [Ti] Título: Phthalimide-derived strigolactone mimics as germinating agents for seeds of parasitic weeds. [So] Source: Pest Manag Sci;72(11):2069-2081, 2016 Nov. [Is] ISSN: 1526-4998 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Broomrapes attack important crops, cause severe yield losses and are difficult to eliminate because their seed bank is virtually indestructible. In the absence of a host, the induction of seed germination leads to inevitable death due to nutrient starvation. Synthetic analogues of germination-inducing factors may constitute a cheap and feasible strategy to control the seed bank. These compounds should be easy and cheap to synthesise, as this will allow their mass production. The aim of this work is to obtain new synthethic germinating agents. RESULTS: Nineteen N-substituted phthalimides containing a butenolide ring and different substituents in the aromatic ring were synthesised. The synthesis started with commercially available phthalimides. The complete collection was assayed against the parasitic weeds Orobanche minor, O. cumana, Phelipanche ramosa and P. aegyptiaca, with the synthetic strigolactone analogue GR24 used as a positive control. These compounds offered low EC values: O. cumana 38.3 µM, O. minor 3.77 µM, P. aegyptiaca 1.35 µM and P. ramosa 1.49 µM. CONCLUSIONS: The synthesis was carried out in a few steps and provided the target compounds in good yields. The compounds tested showed great selectivity, and low EC values were obtained for structures that were simpler than GR24. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Orobanche/efeitos dos fármacos Ftalimidas/farmacologia Plantas Daninhas/efeitos dos fármacos Controle de Plantas Daninhas [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Germinação/efeitos dos fármacos Orobanche/crescimento & desenvolvimento Plantas Daninhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento Sementes/efeitos dos fármacos Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Phthalimides) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1704 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170406 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170406 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160525 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1002/ps.4323

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[PMID]: 26997099 [Au] Autor: Brahmi I; Mabrouk Y; Brun G; Delavault P; Belhadj O; Simier P [Ad] Endereço: Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Technobiologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia. [Ti] Título: Phenotypical and biochemical characterisation of resistance for parasitic weed (Orobanche foetida Poir.) in radiation-mutagenised mutants of chickpea. [So] Source: Pest Manag Sci;72(12):2330-2338, 2016 Dec. [Is] ISSN: 1526-4998 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Some radiation-mutagenised chickpea mutants potentially resistant to the broomrape, Orobanche foetida Poir., were selected through field trials. The objectives of this work were to confirm resistance under artificial infestation, in pots and mini-rhizotron systems, and to determine the developmental stages of broomrape affected by resistance and the relevant resistance mechanisms induced by radiation mutagenesis. RESULTS: Among 30 mutants tested for resistance to O. foetida, five shared strong resistance in both pot experiments and mini-rhizotron systems. Resistance was not complete, but the few individuals that escaped resistance displayed high disorders of shoot development. Results demonstrated a 2-3-fold decrease in stimulatory activity of root exudates towards broomrape seed germination in resistant mutants in comparison with non-irradiated control plants and susceptible mutants. Resistance was associated with an induction of broomrape necrosis early during infection. When infested, most of the resistant mutants shared enhanced levels of soluble phenolic contents, phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, guaiacol peroxidase activity and polyphenol oxidase activity, in addition to glutathione and notably ascorbate peroxidase gene expression in roots. CONCLUSION: Results confirmed enhanced resistance in chickpea radiation-mutagenised mutants, and demonstrated that resistance is based on alteration of root exudation, presumed cell-wall reinforcement and change in root oxidative status in response to infection. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Cicer/genética Orobanche/fisiologia Plantas Daninhas/fisiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Biomarcadores Catecol Oxidase/metabolismo Cicer/fisiologia Cicer/efeitos da radiação Germinação Mutagênese/efeitos da radiação Peroxidase/metabolismo Fenótipo Exsudatos de Plantas/farmacologia Raízes de Plantas/fisiologia Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Plant Exudates); EC 1.10.3.1 (Catechol Oxidase); EC 1.11.1.- (guaiacol peroxidase); EC 1.11.1.7 (Peroxidase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1703 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170313 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170313 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160322 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1002/ps.4278

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[PMID]: 26940902 [Au] Autor: Lumbroso A; Villedieu-Percheron E; Zurwerra D; Screpanti C; Lachia M; Dakas PY; Castelli L; Paul V; Wolf HC; Sayer D; Beck A; Rendine S; Fonné-Pfister R; De Mesmaeker A [Ad] Endereço: Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Crop Protection Research, Schaffhauserstrasse, Stein, Switzerland. [Ti] Título: Simplified strigolactams as potent analogues of strigolactones for the seed germination induction of Orobanche cumana Wallr. [So] Source: Pest Manag Sci;72(11):2054-2068, 2016 Nov. [Is] ISSN: 1526-4998 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Strigolactones play an important role in the rhizosphere as signalling molecules stimulating the seed germination of parasitic weed seeds and hyphal branching of arbuscular micorrhiza, and also act as hormones in plant roots and shoots. Strigolactone derivatives, e.g. strigolactams, could be used as suicidal germination inducers in the absence of a host crop for the decontamination of land infested with parasitic weed seeds. RESULTS: We report the stereoselective synthesis of novel strigolactams, together with some of their critical physicochemical properties, such as water solubility, hydrolytic stability, as well as their short soil persistence. In addition, we show that such strigolactams are potent germination stimulants of O. cumana parasitic weed seeds and do not affect the seed germination and the root growth of sunflower. CONCLUSIONS: The novel strigolactam derivatives described here compare favourably with the corresponding GR-28 strigolactones in terms of biological activity and physicochemical properties. However, we believe strigolactone and strigolactam derivatives require further structural optimisation to improve their soil persistence to demonstrate a potential for agronomical applications. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Germinação/efeitos dos fármacos Helianthus/efeitos dos fármacos Lactamas/farmacologia Orobanche/efeitos dos fármacos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Helianthus/crescimento & desenvolvimento Lactamas/síntese química Lactamas/química Lactonas/química Orobanche/crescimento & desenvolvimento Raízes de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos Raízes de Plantas/crescimento & desenvolvimento Sementes/efeitos dos fármacos Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Lactams); 0 (Lactones) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1704 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170406 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170406 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160305 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1002/ps.4268

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