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[PMID]: 28945752 [Au] Autor: Yang CA; Liang C; Lin CL; Hsiao CT; Peng CT; Lin HC; Chang JG [Ad] Endereço: Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. [Ti] Título: Impact of Enterobius vermicularis infection and mebendazole treatment on intestinal microbiota and host immune response. [So] Source: PLoS Negl Trop Dis;11(9):e0005963, 2017 Sep. [Is] ISSN: 1935-2735 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Previous studies on the association of enterobiasis and chronic inflammatory diseases have revealed contradictory results. The interaction of Enterobius vermicularis infection in particular with gut microbiota and induced immune responses has never been thoroughly examined. METHODOLOGY/FINDINGS: In order to answer the question of whether exposure to pinworm and mebendazole can shift the intestinal microbial composition and immune responses, we recruited 109 (30 pinworm-negative, 79 pinworm-infected) first and fourth grade primary school children in Taichung, Taiwan, for a gut microbiome study and an intestinal cytokine and SIgA analysis. In the pinworm-infected individuals, fecal samples were collected again at 2 weeks after administration of 100 mg mebendazole. Gut microbiota diversity increased after Enterobius infection, and it peaked after administration of mebendazole. At the phylum level, pinworm infection and mebendazole deworming were associated with a decreased relative abundance of Fusobacteria and an increased proportion of Actinobacteria. At the genus level, the relative abundance of the probiotic Bifidobacterium increased after enterobiasis and mebendazole treatment. The intestinal SIgA level was found to be lower in the pinworm-infected group, and was elevated in half of the mebendazole-treated group. A higher proportion of pre-treatment Salmonella spp. was associated with a non-increase in SIgA after mebendazole deworming treatment. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Childhood exposure to pinworm plus mebendazole is associated with increased bacterial diversity, an increased abundance of Actinobacteria including the probiotic Bifidobacterium, and a decreased proportion of Fusobacteria. The gut SIgA level was lower in the pinworm-infected group, and was increased in half of the individuals after mebendazole deworming treatment. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Citocinas/imunologia Enterobíase/tratamento farmacológico Enterobíase/imunologia Enterobius/efeitos dos fármacos Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos Mebendazol/uso terapêutico [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Bifidobacterium/efeitos dos fármacos Bifidobacterium/genética Bifidobacterium/crescimento & desenvolvimento Bifidobacterium/isolamento & purificação Criança Pré-Escolar Biologia Computacional Citocinas/biossíntese Enterobíase/microbiologia Enterobíase/parasitologia Enterobius/genética Enterobius/imunologia Fezes/parasitologia Feminino Fusobactérias/efeitos dos fármacos Fusobactérias/genética Fusobactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento Fusobactérias/isolamento & purificação Microbioma Gastrointestinal/genética Seres Humanos Imunidade/efeitos dos fármacos Imunoglobulina A Secretora/análise Imunoglobulina A Secretora/imunologia Intestinos/efeitos dos fármacos Intestinos/imunologia Intestinos/microbiologia Intestinos/parasitologia Masculino Mebendazol/administração & dosagem Salmonella/efeitos dos fármacos Salmonella/genética Salmonella/crescimento & desenvolvimento Salmonella/isolamento & purificação Taiwan/epidemiologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Cytokines); 0 (Immunoglobulin A, Secretory); 81G6I5V05I (Mebendazole) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171025 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171025 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170926 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005963

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[PMID]: 28215168 [Au] Autor: Ma N; Tian Y; Wu Y; Ma X [Ad] Endereço: State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No 2. Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China. [Ti] Título: Contributions of the Interaction Between Dietary Protein and Gut Microbiota to Intestinal Health. [So] Source: Curr Protein Pept Sci;18(8):795-808, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1875-5550 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: There is growing recognition that composition and metabolic activity of the gut microbiota can be modulated by the dietary proteins which in turn impact health. The amino acid composition and digestibility of proteins, which are influenced by its source and amount of intake, play a pivotal role in determining the microbiota. Reciprocally, it appears that the gut microbiota is also able to affect protein metabolism which gives rise to the view that function between the microbiota and protein can proceed in both directions. In response to the alterations in dietary protein components, there are significant changes in the microbial metabolites including short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), ammonia, amines, gases such as hydrogen, sulfide and methane which are cytotoxins, genotoxins and carcinogens associated with development of colon cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases. A suitable ratio between protein and carbohydrate or even a low protein diet is recommended based on the evidence that excessive protein intake adversely affects health. Supplying high and undigested proteins will encourage pathogens and protein-fermenting bacteria to increase the risk of diseases. These changes of microbiota can affect the gut barrier and the immune system by regulating gene expression in relevant signaling pathways and by regulating the secretion of metabolites. The objective of this review is to assess the impact of dietary proteins on microbiota composition and activity in the gastrointestinal tract. Attention should be given to the dietary strategies with judicious selection of source and supplementation of dietary protein to benefit gut health. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Carboidratos da Dieta/metabolismo Proteínas na Dieta/metabolismo Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiologia Trato Gastrointestinal/microbiologia Proteólise [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Actinobacteria/crescimento & desenvolvimento Actinobacteria/metabolismo Aminas/metabolismo Amônia/metabolismo Bacteroidetes/crescimento & desenvolvimento Bacteroidetes/metabolismo Carboidratos da Dieta/administração & dosagem Proteínas na Dieta/administração & dosagem Ácidos Graxos Voláteis/biossíntese Fermentação Firmicutes/crescimento & desenvolvimento Firmicutes/metabolismo Fusobactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento Fusobactérias/metabolismo Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos Trato Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos Seres Humanos Proteobactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento Proteobactérias/metabolismo Verrucomicrobia/crescimento & desenvolvimento Verrucomicrobia/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Amines); 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates); 0 (Dietary Proteins); 0 (Fatty Acids, Volatile); 7664-41-7 (Ammonia) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1711 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171106 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171106 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170221 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.2174/1389203718666170216153505

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[PMID]: 27846300 [Au] Autor: Bledsoe JW; Peterson BC; Swanson KS; Small BC [Ad] Endereço: Center for Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States of America. [Ti] Título: Ontogenetic Characterization of the Intestinal Microbiota of Channel Catfish through 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing Reveals Insights on Temporal Shifts and the Influence of Environmental Microbes. [So] Source: PLoS One;11(11):e0166379, 2016. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Aquaculture recently overtook capture fisheries as the largest producer of food fish, but to continue increasing fish production the industry is in search of better methods of improving fish health and growth. Pre- and probiotic supplementation has gained attention as a means of solving these issues, however, for such approaches to be successful, we must first gain a more holistic understanding of the factors influencing the microbial communities present in the intestines of fish. In this study, we characterize the bacterial communities associated with the digestive tract of a highly valuable U.S. aquaculture species, channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, over the first 193 days of life to evaluate temporal changes that may occur throughout ontogenetic development of the host. Intestinal microbiota were surveyed with high-throughput DNA sequencing of 16S rRNA V4 gene amplicons derived from fish at 3, 65, 125, and 193 days post hatch (dph), while also characterizing the environmental microbes derived from the water supply and the administered diets. Microbial communities inhabiting the intestines of catfish early in life were dynamic, with significant shifts occurring up to 125 dph when the microbiota somewhat stabilized, as shifts were less apparent between 125 to 193 dph. Bacterial phyla present in the gut of catfish throughout ontogeny include Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Proteobacteria; with the species Cetobacterium somerae and Plesiomonas shigelloides showing the highest abundance in the catfish microbiota after 3 dph. Comparisons of the gut microbiota to the environmental microbes reveals that the fish gut is maintained as a niche habitat, separate from the overall microbial communities present in diets and water-supply. Although, there is also evidence that the environmental microbiota serves as an inoculum to the fish gut. Our results have implications for future research related to channel catfish biology and culture, and increase our understanding of ontogenetic effects on the microbiota of teleost fish. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Microbiologia Ambiental Microbioma Gastrointestinal/genética Ictaluridae/microbiologia RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Bacteroidetes/genética Bacteroidetes/isolamento & purificação Ecossistema Firmicutes/genética Firmicutes/isolamento & purificação Fusobactérias/genética Fusobactérias/isolamento & purificação Ictaluridae/genética Filogenia Proteobactérias/genética Proteobactérias/isolamento & purificação RNA Ribossômico 16S/classificação [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1706 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170621 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170621 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161116 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166379

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[PMID]: 27809782 [Au] Autor: Eisenberg T; Fawzy A; Nicklas W; Semmler T; Ewers C [Ad] Endereço: Abteilung Veterinärmedizin, Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor (LHL), Schubertstr. 60/H13, D-35392, Giessen, Germany. Tobias.Eisenberg@vetmed.uni-giessen.de. [Ti] Título: Phylogenetic and comparative genomics of the family Leptotrichiaceae and introduction of a novel fingerprinting MLVA for Streptobacillus moniliformis. [So] Source: BMC Genomics;17(1):864, 2016 11 03. [Is] ISSN: 1471-2164 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: The Leptotrichiaceae are a family of fairly unnoticed bacteria containing both microbiota on mucous membranes as well as significant pathogens such as Streptobacillus moniliformis, the causative organism of streptobacillary rat bite fever. Comprehensive genomic studies in members of this family have so far not been carried out. We aimed to analyze 47 genomes from 20 different member species to illuminate phylogenetic aspects, as well as genomic and discriminatory properties. RESULTS: Our data provide a novel and reliable basis of support for previously established phylogeny from this group and give a deeper insight into characteristics of genome structure and gene functions. Full genome analyses revealed that most S. moniliformis strains under study form a heterogeneous population without any significant clustering. Analysis of infra-species variability for this highly pathogenic rat bite fever organism led to the detection of three specific variable number tandem analysis loci with high discriminatory power. CONCLUSIONS: This highly useful and economical tool can be directly employed in clinical samples without laborious prior cultivation. Our and prospective case-specific data can now easily be compared by using a newly established MLVA database in order to gain a better insight into the epidemiology of this presumably under-reported zoonosis. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Fusobactérias/genética Genoma Bacteriano Genômica Filogenia Streptobacillus/genética [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: DNA Bacteriano Fusobactérias/classificação Genômica/métodos Repetições Minissatélites Tipagem de Sequências Multilocus Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética Streptobacillus/classificação [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171119 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171119 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161105 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27734626 [Au] Autor: Numberger D; Herlemann DP; Jürgens K; Dehnhardt G; Schulz-Vogt H [Ad] Endereço: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Seestrasse 15, Rostock, D-18119, Germany. numberger@izw-berlin.de. [Ti] Título: Comparative analysis of the fecal bacterial community of five harbor seals (Phoca vitulina). [So] Source: Microbiologyopen;5(5):782-792, 2016 Oct. [Is] ISSN: 2045-8827 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The gut microbiota has many beneficial effects on host metabolism and health, and its composition is determined by numerous factors. It is also assumed that there was a co-evolution of mammals and the bacteria inhabiting their gut. Current knowledge of the mammalian gut microbiota mainly derives from studies on humans and terrestrial animals, whereas those on marine mammals are sparse. However, they could provide additional information on influencing factors, such as the role of diet and co-evolution with the host. In this study, we investigated and compared the bacterial diversity in the feces of five male harbor seals (Phoca vitulina). Because this small population included two half-brother pairs, each sharing a common father, it allowed an evaluation of the impact of host relatedness or genetic similarity on the gut microbial community. Fresh feces obtained from the seals by an enema were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. The results showed that the bacterial communities in the seals' feces mainly consisted of the phyla Firmicutes (19-43%), Bacteroidetes (22-36%), Fusobacteria (18-32%), and Proteobacteria (5-17%) . Twenty-one bacterial members present in the fecal samples of the five seals contributed an average relative abundance of 93.7 + 8.7% of the total fecal microbial community. Contrary to all expectations based on previous studies a comparison of the fecal community between individual seals showed a higher similarity between unrelated than related individuals. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Fezes/microbiologia Microbioma Gastrointestinal/genética Trato Gastrointestinal/microbiologia Phoca/microbiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Bacteroidetes/classificação Bacteroidetes/genética Bacteroidetes/isolamento & purificação Firmicutes/classificação Firmicutes/genética Firmicutes/isolamento & purificação Fusobactérias/classificação Fusobactérias/genética Fusobactérias/isolamento & purificação Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente Masculino Proteobactérias/classificação Proteobactérias/genética Proteobactérias/isolamento & purificação RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1705 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170531 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170531 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161014 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.369

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[PMID]: 27701432 [Au] Autor: Liu Y; Yao Y; Li H; Qiao F; Wu J; Du ZY; Zhang M [Ad] Endereço: Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China. [Ti] Título: Influence of Endogenous and Exogenous Estrogenic Endocrine on Intestinal Microbiota in Zebrafish. [So] Source: PLoS One;11(10):e0163895, 2016. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Gender is one of the factors influencing the intestinal microbial composition in mammals, but whether fish also have gender-specific intestinal microbial patterns remains unknown. In this decade, endocrine disrupting chemicals in surface and ground water of many areas and increasing observation of freshwater male fish displaying female sexual characteristics have been reported. Here we identified the difference in intestinal microbiota between male and female zebrafish, and revealed the influence of endocrine disrupting chemicals on zebrafish intestinal microbiota by using high-throughput sequencing. The results indicated that Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were dominant in the gut of zebrafish and there were no obvious gender-specific intestinal microbial patterns. Two endocrine disrupting chemicals, Estradiol (E2) and Bisphenol A (BPA), were selected to treat male zebrafish for 5 weeks. E2 and BPA increased vitellogenin expression in the liver of male zebrafish and altered the intestinal microbial composition with the abundance of the phylum CKC4 increased significantly. Our results suggested that because of the developmental character and living environment, gender did not influence the assembly of intestinal microbiota in zebrafish as it does in mammals, but exposure extra to endocrine disrupting chemicals disturbed the intestinal microbial composition, which may be related to changes in host physiological metabolism. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Bacteroidetes/isolamento & purificação Estrogênios/farmacologia Fusobactérias/isolamento & purificação Proteobactérias/isolamento & purificação Peixe-Zebra/microbiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Bacteroidetes/efeitos dos fármacos Bacteroidetes/genética Compostos Benzidrílicos/farmacologia Estradiol/farmacologia Feminino Fusobactérias/efeitos dos fármacos Fusobactérias/genética Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala/métodos Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos Fígado/metabolismo Masculino Fenóis/farmacologia Proteobactérias/efeitos dos fármacos Proteobactérias/genética RNA Bacteriano/análise RNA Ribossômico 16S/análise Análise de Sequência de DNA/métodos Vitelogeninas/metabolismo Peixe-Zebra/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Estrogens); 0 (Phenols); 0 (RNA, Bacterial); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); 0 (Vitellogenins); 4TI98Z838E (Estradiol); MLT3645I99 (bisphenol A) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1706 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170619 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170619 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161005 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163895

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[PMID]: 27698164 [Au] Autor: Bemis DA; Johnson BH; Bryant MJ; Jones RD; McCleery BV; Greenacre CB; Perreten V; Kania SA [Ad] Endereço: Departments of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences (Bemis, Johnson, Bryant, Jones, Kania), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TNSmall Animal Clinical Sciences (McCleery, Greenacre), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TNInstitute of Vet [Ti] Título: Isolation and identification of Caviibacter abscessus from cervical abscesses in a series of pet guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). [So] Source: J Vet Diagn Invest;28(6):763-769, 2016 Nov. [Is] ISSN: 1943-4936 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: An organism reported in the early literature to be a rare cause of cervical lymphadenitis in guinea pigs, Streptobacillus moniliformis, has been reclassified as Caviibacter abscessus We describe a series of sequential cases of abscesses in guinea pigs that were presented to our clinic from which the only agent isolated was a unique, serum-requiring bacterium. Discrete colonies were not detected in 6.5% CO or anaerobically on routine primary isolation media containing up to 5% whole sheep blood, with and without cysteine, vitamin K, and hemin supplementation after 7 days of incubation at 37°C. Based on subsequently determined growth requirements, the organisms were best described as serum-requiring, aerotolerant anaerobes. Colonies were detectable within 24 h at 37°C in an anaerobic atmosphere on a mycoplasma agar-based medium containing 10% pig serum and reached 3 mm in diameter within 3-5 days. Microscopic appearance consisted of small gram-negative rods and coccobacilli with occasional filaments. However, in direct smears from clinical specimens and from weak or dysgonic growth on plates incubated under suboptimal growth conditions (e.g., in 6.5% CO ), irregular rods with occasional small bulbous forms or numerous long wavy filaments were observed. All of the isolates generated unique spectral profiles similar to that of C. abscessus when examined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Phylogenetic analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolates were identical to each other and shared 99.9% sequence identity with C. abscessus. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Abscesso/veterinária Fusobactérias/isolamento & purificação Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/veterinária Cobaias [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Abscesso/diagnóstico Abscesso/microbiologia Animais Diagnóstico Diferencial Feminino Fusobactérias/genética Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/diagnóstico Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/microbiologia Linfonodos/microbiologia Masculino Pescoço Animais de Estimação RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: CASE REPORTS; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1705 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170817 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170817 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161005 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27514729 [Au] Autor: Eichmiller JJ; Hamilton MJ; Staley C; Sadowsky MJ; Sorensen PW [Ad] Endereço: Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA. [Ti] Título: Environment shapes the fecal microbiome of invasive carp species. [So] Source: Microbiome;4(1):44, 2016 08 12. [Is] ISSN: 2049-2618 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Although the common, silver, and bighead carps are native and sparsely distributed in Eurasia, these fish have become abundant and invasive in North America. An understanding of the biology of these species may provide insights into sustainable control methods. The animal-associated microbiome plays an important role in host health. Characterization of the carp microbiome and the factors that affect its composition is an important step toward understanding the biology and interrelationships between these species and their environments. RESULTS: We compared the fecal microbiomes of common, silver, and bighead carps from wild and laboratory environments using Illumina sequencing of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The fecal bacterial communities of fish were diverse, with Shannon indices ranging from 2.3 to 4.5. The phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Fusobacteria dominated carp guts, comprising 76.7 % of total reads. Environment played a large role in shaping fecal microbial community composition, and microbiomes among captive fishes were more similar than among wild fishes. Although differences among wild fishes could be attributed to feeding preferences, diet did not strongly affect microbial community structure in laboratory-housed fishes. Comparison of wild- and lab-invasive carps revealed five shared OTUs that comprised approximately 40 % of the core fecal microbiome. CONCLUSIONS: The environment is a dominant factor shaping the fecal bacterial communities of invasive carps. Captivity alters the microbiome community structure relative to wild fish, while species differences are pronounced within habitats. Despite the absence of a true stomach, invasive carp species exhibited a core microbiota that warrants future study. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Carpas/microbiologia Fezes/microbiologia Firmicutes/isolamento & purificação Fusobactérias/isolamento & purificação Microbiota/genética Proteobactérias/isolamento & purificação [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Sequência de Bases Carpas/classificação Meio Ambiente Firmicutes/classificação Firmicutes/genética Fusobactérias/classificação Fusobactérias/genética Espécies Introduzidas América do Norte Proteobactérias/classificação Proteobactérias/genética RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética Análise de Sequência de RNA [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1707 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171106 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171106 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160813 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1186/s40168-016-0190-1

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[PMID]: 27512897 [Au] Autor: Ghosh SK; Weinberg A [Ad] Endereço: Biological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Electronic address: skg12@case.edu. [Ti] Título: When Mr. Fap Meets the Gals. [So] Source: Cell Host Microbe;20(2):125-6, 2016 08 10. [Is] ISSN: 1934-6069 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Fusobacteria are found to be overrepresented in the colorectal tumor microenvironment. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Abed et al. (2016) describe a novel homing mechanism by which fusobacteria localize to tumors by recognizing a host polysaccharide (Gal-GalNAc) on cancer cells using a fusobacterial lectin, Fap2. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Neoplasias Colorretais/microbiologia Fusobactérias Lectinas Polissacarídeos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Seres Humanos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; COMMENT [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Lectins); 0 (Polysaccharides) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170921 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170921 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160812 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27391224 [Au] Autor: Morris A; Paulson JN; Talukder H; Tipton L; Kling H; Cui L; Fitch A; Pop M; Norris KA; Ghedin E [Ad] Endereço: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. [Ti] Título: Longitudinal analysis of the lung microbiota of cynomolgous macaques during long-term SHIV infection. [So] Source: Microbiome;4(1):38, 2016 07 08. [Is] ISSN: 2049-2618 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Longitudinal studies of the lung microbiome are challenging due to the invasive nature of sample collection. In addition, studies of the lung microbiome in human disease are usually performed after disease onset, limiting the ability to determine early events in the lung. We used a non-human primate model to assess lung microbiome alterations over time in response to an HIV-like immunosuppression and determined impact of the lung microbiome on development of obstructive lung disease. Cynomolgous macaques were infected with the SIV-HIV chimeric virus SHIV89.6P. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected pre-infection and every 4 weeks for 53 weeks post-infection. The microbiota was characterized at each time point by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing. RESULTS: We observed individual variation in the composition of the lung microbiota with a proportion of the macaques having Tropheryma whipplei as the dominant organism in their lungs. Bacterial communities varied over time both within and between animals, but there did not appear to be a systematic alteration due to SHIV infection. Development of obstructive lung disease in the SHIV-infected animals was characterized by a relative increase in abundance of oral anaerobes. Network analysis further identified a difference in community composition that accompanied the development of obstructive disease with negative correlations between members of the obstructed and non-obstructed groups. This emphasizes how species shifts can impact multiple other species, potentially resulting in disease. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to investigate the dynamics of the lung microbiota over time and in response to immunosuppression in a non-human primate model. The persistence of oral bacteria in the lung and their association with obstruction suggest a potential role in pathogenesis. The lung microbiome in the non-human primate is a valuable tool for examining the impact of the lung microbiome in human health and disease. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/microbiologia Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/microbiologia Vírus da Imunodeficiência Símia/imunologia Tropheryma/classificação Tropheryma/isolamento & purificação [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Actinobacteria/classificação Actinobacteria/genética Actinobacteria/isolamento & purificação Animais Bacteroidetes/classificação Bacteroidetes/genética Bacteroidetes/isolamento & purificação Firmicutes/classificação Firmicutes/genética Firmicutes/isolamento & purificação Fusobactérias/classificação Fusobactérias/genética Fusobactérias/isolamento & purificação Imunossupressão Estudos Longitudinais Pulmão/microbiologia Macaca fascicularis Microbiota/genética Microbiota/imunologia Proteobactérias/classificação Proteobactérias/genética Proteobactérias/isolamento & purificação RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética Tropheryma/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, N.I.H., EXTRAMURAL; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; RESEARCH SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, NON-P.H.S. [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1707 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171106 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171106 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160709 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1186/s40168-016-0183-0

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