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[PMID]: 28513789 [Au] Autor: Baldasso FER; Roleto L; Silva VDD; Morgental RD; Kopper PMP [Ad] Endereço: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Ti] Título: Effect of final irrigation protocols on microhardness reduction and erosion of root canal dentin. [So] Source: Braz Oral Res;31:e40, 2017 May 15. [Is] ISSN: 1807-3107 [Cp] País de publicação: Brazil [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of final irrigation protocols on microhardness reduction and erosion of root canal dentin. Sixty root canals from mandibular incisors were instrumented and randomly divided into six groups (n = 10) according to the irrigant used: QMiX, 17% EDTA, 10% citric acid (CA), 1% peracetic acid (PA), 2.5% NaOCl (solution control), and distilled water (negative control). The chelating solutions were used to irrigate the canal followed by 2.5% NaOCl as a final flush. After the irrigation protocols, all specimens were rinsed with 10 mL of distilled water to remove any residue of the chemical solutions. Before and after the final irrigation protocols, dentin microhardness was measured with a Knoop indenter. Three indentations were made at 100 µm and 500 µm from the root canal lumen. Afterwards, the specimens were prepared for scanning electron microscopic analysis and the amount of dentin erosion was examined. Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to analyze the results with a significance level set at 5%. At 100 µm, all protocols significantly reduced dentin microhardness (p < .05), while at 500 µm, this effect was detected only in the EDTA and QMiX groups (p < .05). CA was the irrigant that caused more extensive erosion in dentinal tubules, followed by PA and EDTA. QMiX opened dentinal tubules, but did not cause dentin erosion. Results suggest that QMiX and 17% EDTA reduced dentin microhardness at a greater depth. Additionally, QMiX did not cause dentin erosion. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Cavidade Pulpar/efeitos dos fármacos Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos Irrigantes do Canal Radicular Erosão Dentária/induzido quimicamente [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Biguanidas Ácido Cítrico/farmacologia Dentina/ultraestrutura Ácido Edético/farmacologia Testes de Dureza Seres Humanos Teste de Materiais Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura Ácido Peracético/farmacologia Polímeros Distribuição Aleatória Reprodutibilidade dos Testes Tratamento do Canal Radicular/métodos Camada de Esfregaço Hipoclorito de Sódio/farmacologia Estatísticas não Paramétricas Propriedades de Superfície/efeitos dos fármacos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: EVALUATION STUDIES; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Biguanides); 0 (Polymers); 0 (QMix root canal irrigant); 0 (Root Canal Irrigants); 2968PHW8QP (Citric Acid); 9G34HU7RV0 (Edetic Acid); DY38VHM5OD (Sodium Hypochlorite); I6KPI2E1HD (Peracetic Acid) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1706 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170605 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170605 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: D; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170518 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27796169 [Au] Autor: Wang L; Zhao Y; Mei L; Yu H; Muhammad I; Pan Y; Huang S [Ad] Endereço: a Department of Endodontics , School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , PR China. [Ti] Título: Effect of application time of maleic acid on smear layer removal and mechanical properties of root canal dentin. [So] Source: Acta Odontol Scand;75(1):59-66, 2017 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1502-3850 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of maleic acid (MA) on the cleaning efficacy and mechanical properties of root canal dentine with respect to different time exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and eighty single-canal premolars were instrumented with rotary-files and then randomly assigned to test groups receiving 7% MA for 30 s, 45 s, 1 min, or 3 min or to control groups treated with 0.9% saline or 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for 45 s. The micro-hardness, nano-hardness and elastic modules were measured before and after treatment, while the amount of smear and erosion in the coronal, middle and apical thirds in root canal were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, finally, the fracture strength was assessed by vertical root fracture testing. RESULTS: The efficacy of smear layer removal increased with increasing MA application time. The largest effect was observed at 45 s, even in the apical third, whereas the treatment for 1 min resulted in irreversible erosion of the dentine surface. The micro-hardness and nano-indentation testing confirmed that the micro- and nano-scale mechanical properties were significantly decreased after MA application for 1 min. Furthermore, the specimens treated with MA for 3 min presented the lowest fracture resistance among all groups. In contrast, the 45 s treatment appeared to increase the fracture resistance of the tooth. CONCLUSIONS: The cleaning efficacy and mechanical properties of root canal dentine varied with MA exposure time. The application of MA for 45 s was found to be the most promising for clinical use. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Cavidade Pulpar/efeitos dos fármacos Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos Maleatos/uso terapêutico Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/uso terapêutico Camada de Esfregaço/prevenção & controle [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Dente Pré-Molar/efeitos dos fármacos Análise do Estresse Dentário/instrumentação Ácido Edético/uso terapêutico Módulo de Elasticidade Dureza Seres Humanos Teste de Materiais Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura Distribuição Aleatória Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos Estresse Mecânico Fatores de Tempo Ápice Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: COMPARATIVE STUDY; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Maleates); 0 (Root Canal Irrigants); 91XW058U2C (maleic acid); 9G34HU7RV0 (Edetic Acid) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1701 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170111 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170111 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: D; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161101 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2016.1248789

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[PMID]: 26660099 [Au] Autor: Tartari T; Oda DF; Zancan RF; da Silva TL; de Moraes IG; Duarte MA; Bramante CM [Ad] Endereço: Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. [Ti] Título: Mixture of alkaline tetrasodium EDTA with sodium hypochlorite promotes in vitro smear layer removal and organic matter dissolution during biomechanical preparation. [So] Source: Int Endod J;50(1):106-114, 2017 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1365-2591 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the following: (i) the quantity of free chlorine in mixtures of equal proportions of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with trisodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTAHNa ) and alkaline tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTANa ); (ii) organic matter dissolution; and (iii) the time necessary to remove the smear layer by these irrigants alone and when mixed. METHODOLOGY: The solutions were mixed in a 1 : 1 ratio and then iodometrically titrated over time to determine the quantity of free available chlorine. The capability of organic matter dissolution by the solutions alone and the mixtures of irrigants was analysed by weighing bovine muscle tissue specimens before and after submission to the following groups (n = 10): G1 - 0.9% saline solution (control), G2 - 2.5% NaOCl, G3 - 17% EDTAHNa , G4 - 10% EDTANa , G5 - 20% EDTANa , G6 - 5% NaOCl + 17% EDTAHNa , G7 - 5% NaOCl + 10% EDTANa and G8 - 5% NaOCl + 20% EDTANa . The times necessary for smear layer removal were determinated on discs of bovine dentine with a standardized smear layer produced with SiC papers using a scanning electron microscope that did not require the samples to be sputter coated. The dentine discs were submitted to the same experimental groups previously described (n = 10) over several time periods, and the photomicrographs acquired were scored for the presence of smear layer. The parametric data of tissue dissolution were analysed using two-way anova and one-way anova with Tukey's post hoc tests (α < 0.05), whilst nonparametric data of smear layer removal were analysed by Friedman test (α < 0.05) and the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post hoc (α < 0.05). RESULTS: EDTAHNa caused an almost complete and immediate loss of free available chlorine from NaOCl, whilst EDTANa promoted a slow and concentrat-ion-dependent decline. The organic matter was not dissolved in the control group, EDTA groups or the mixture of NaOCl + 17% EDTAHNa group (P > 0.05). NaOCl alone and the associations of NaOCl + EDTANa dissolved tissue at all periods analysed (P < 0.05). The smear layer was not removed in the control and NaOCl groups (P > 0.05). The smear layer was removed at 1 min in the NaOCl + 17% EDTAHNa group (P < 0.05); 2 min in 17% EDTAHNa group (P < 0.05); and 5 min in 10% EDTANa , 20% EDTANa , 5% NaOCl + 10% EDTANa and 5% NaOCl + 20% EDTANa groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Alkaline EDTANa was slower in removing the smear layer than EDTAHNa , but when mixed with NaOCl during biomechanical canal preparation promoted organic matter dissolution and smear layer removal simultaneously. However, the mixing of NaOCl and EDTANa should be performed immediately before use to prevent the reduction of free available chlorine. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Quelantes de Cálcio/administração & dosagem Ácido Edético/administração & dosagem Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/administração & dosagem Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos Camada de Esfregaço Hipoclorito de Sódio/administração & dosagem [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Quelantes de Cálcio/química Bovinos Ácido Edético/química Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/química Hipoclorito de Sódio/química [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Calcium Chelating Agents); 0 (Root Canal Irrigants); 9G34HU7RV0 (Edetic Acid); DY38VHM5OD (Sodium Hypochlorite) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171019 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171019 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: D [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 151215 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1111/iej.12595

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[PMID]: 26609946 [Au] Autor: Duncan HF; Smith AJ; Fleming GJ; Reid C; Smith G; Cooper PR [Ad] Endereço: Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. [Ti] Título: Release of bio-active dentine extracellular matrix components by histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi). [So] Source: Int Endod J;50(1):24-38, 2017 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1365-2591 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: AIM: To characterize dentine matrix component (DMC) release and smear layer removal by histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis). METHODOLOGY: DMCs were extracted from powdered human dentine over 14 days using three HDACis, valproic acid (VPA), trichostatin A (TSA) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and compared with a control extractant, 10% (w/v) EDTA. Protein compositions of the resultant extracts were analysed by 1D-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1D-PAGE), TGF-ß-1 and MMP-9 ELISAs and a high-throughput growth factor antibody array. Dentine discs with a standardized smear layer were prepared from human molars and treated with EDTA (17% w/v), polyacrylic acid (PA) (20% v/v) and the experimental HDACis prior to analysis by scanning electron microscopy. Parametric ELISA data were analysed using one-way anova and Tukey's post hoc test, whilst nonparametric smear layer data were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U-test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: HDACis did not remove smear layer in the presence or absence of PA pre-treatment (P ≥ 0.478). 1D-PAGE analysis demonstrated different protein profiles for EDTA and HDACi extracts. All HDACi solutions released TGF-ß-1 although less effectively than EDTA (P < 0.001), whilst MMP-9 was extracted in significantly higher concentration by EDTA and VPA compared with TSA (P < 0.012). Antibody array analysis demonstrated the ability of HDACis to extract a complex cocktail of established/novel growth factors from dentine, albeit significantly less efficiently than EDTA for certain cytokines (TGF-ß-1, PDGF-AA, VEGF-A) and significantly more effectively for others (GDF-15, IGF-1, EGRF-1, NGFR, BDNF, SCF-R). CONCLUSIONS: HDACi release a range of bioactive DMCs that could promote dentine repair processes in vivo; however, they are ineffective at removing smear layer. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos Dentina/metabolismo Matriz Extracelular/efeitos dos fármacos Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/farmacologia Camada de Esfregaço/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Seres Humanos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171019 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171019 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: D [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 151127 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1111/iej.12588

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[PMID]: 28318157 [Au] Autor: Yuanhong L; Zhongcheng L; Mengqi L; Daonan S; Shu Z; Shu M [Ad] Endereço: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. [Ti] Título: [Effects of Nd: YAG laser irradiation on the root surfaces and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans]. [So] Source: Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi;34(6):579-583, 2016 Dec 01. [Is] ISSN: 1000-1182 [Cp] País de publicação: China [La] Idioma: chi [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of treatment with different powers of Nd: YAG laser irradiation on root surfaces and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) adhesion. METHODS: Extracted teeth because of severe periodontal disease were divided into the following four groups: control group, laser group 1, laser group 2, and laser group 3. After scaling and root planning, laser group 1, laser group 2, and laser group 3 were separately treated with Nd: YAG laser irradiation (4/6/8 W, 60 s); however, the control group did not receive the treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the morphology. S. mutans were cultured with root slices from each group. Colony forming unit per mL (CFU·mLâ�»¹) was used to count and compare the amounts of bacteria adhesion among groups. SEM was used to observe the difference of bacteria adhesion to root surfaces between control group (scaling) and laser group 2 (6 W, 60 s), thereby indicating the different bacteria adhesions because of different treatments. RESULTS: Morphology alterations indicated that root surfaces in control group contain obvious smear layer, debris, and biofilm; whereas the root surfaces in laser group contain more cracks with less smear layer and debris. The bacteria counting indicated that S. mutans adhesion to laser group was weaker than that of control group (P<0.05). No statistical significance among the laser groups (P>0.05) was observed. Morphology alterations also verified that S. mutans adhesion to laser group 2 (6 W, 60 s) was weaker than that of control group (scaling). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that Nd: YAG laser irradiation treatment after scaling can reduce smear layer, debris, and biofilm on the root surfaces as compared with conventional scaling. The laser treatment reduces the adhesion of S. mutans as well. However, Nd: YAG laser irradiation can cause cracks on the root surfaces. In this experiment, the optimum laser power of 6 W can thoroughly remove the smear layer and debris, as well as relatively improve the control of thermal damagee. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Streptococcus mutans Raiz Dentária [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Aderência Bacteriana Dentina Seres Humanos Lasers de Estado Sólido Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura Neodímio Camada de Esfregaço [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 2I87U3734A (Neodymium) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1704 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170405 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170405 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: D; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170321 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2016.06.006

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[PMID]: 28025441 [Au] Autor: Prado MC; Leal F; Gusman H; Simão RA; Prado M [Ad] Endereço: Proclin Department, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University. [Ti] Título: Effects of auxiliary device use on smear layer removal. [So] Source: J Oral Sci;58(4):561-567, 2016. [Is] ISSN: 1880-4926 [Cp] País de publicação: Japan [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: This study evaluated the effects of different auxiliary irrigation devices on smear layer removal with a chelating solution (QMix). Fifty single-rooted permanent human teeth were shaped with a sequence of nickel-titanium instruments. A 2% chlorhexidine gel was used as a chemical auxiliary substance during preparation. Samples were assigned to five groups (n = 10 each) according to final irrigation protocol, namely, distilled water (control group), QMix 1 min, QMix + passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), QMix + plastic endodontic finishing file (EC), and QMix 3 min. Teeth were prepared and evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, and three photomicrographs (magnification, 1,000×) were obtained for each root third. Two blinded and precalibrated evaluators analyzed and scored the images, and the data were statistically analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (P < 0.05). Groups were ranked according to the extent of smear layer removal. The total area of the root canal walls and apical root thirds was calculated, and the groups ranked PUI > EC = QMix 3 min > QMix 1 min > control. QMix 1 min was effective for smear layer removal only when used with auxiliary devices, and QMix + passive ultrasonic irrigation yielded the best results, particularly for the apical third.(J Oral Sci 58, 561-567, 2016). [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Irrigantes do Canal Radicular Camada de Esfregaço [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Estudos de Casos e Controles Seres Humanos Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Root Canal Irrigants) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1711 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171113 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171113 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: D; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161228 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.16-0216

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[PMID]: 27805895 [Au] Autor: Kotb RM; Elkateb MA; Ahmed AM; Kawana KY; El Meligy OA [Ti] Título: Dentin Topographic Features following Chemomechanical Caries Removal in Primary Teeth. [So] Source: J Clin Pediatr Dent;40(6):472-479, 2016. [Is] ISSN: 1053-4628 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: AIM: Study the topographic features of dentin after caries removal with a chemomechanical agent (Papacarie) compared with the conventional drilling method. STUDY DESIGN: The sample included 7 exfoliated and extracted primary teeth with carious dentin lesions, not reaching the pulp. Each tooth was sectioned longitudinally through the center of the carious lesions into two halves. The teeth were then divided into two groups according to the method of caries removal. Following caries removal, dentin topography and the cut section were examined using the scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: Papacarie produced an irregular, porous, rough and globular dentin appearance. The dentin surfaces were generally free of smear layer, visible bacteria and the dentinal tubules were opened. The dentin cut surfaces showed patent dentinal tubules with open orifices. The drilling method created a smooth and amorphous surface with a continuous smear layer occluding the dentinal tubules. Numerous bacteria were also observed. The cut dentin surfaces showed patent dentinal tubules with their orifices plugged with smear layer. CONCLUSIONS: Papacarie produced a rough and porous surface with partial or complete removal of the smear layer and opened dentinal tubules, while the drill produced a smooth surface with uniform smear layer occluding the dentinal tubules. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Preparo da Cavidade Dentária/métodos Dentina/ultraestrutura Papaína/uso terapêutico Dente Decíduo/ultraestrutura [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Bactérias/ultraestrutura Colágeno/ultraestrutura Cárie Dentária/microbiologia Cárie Dentária/patologia Cárie Dentária/terapia Preparo da Cavidade Dentária/instrumentação Equipamentos Odontológicos de Alta Rotação Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos Dentina/microbiologia Seres Humanos Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura Porosidade Camada de Esfregaço/patologia Dente Decíduo/efeitos dos fármacos Dente Decíduo/microbiologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: COMPARATIVE STUDY; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Papacarie); 9007-34-5 (Collagen); EC 3.4.22.2 (Papain) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1701 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170125 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170125 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: D [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161103 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27805889 [Au] Autor: Gungor OE; Kustarci A [Ti] Título: Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris using Two Niti Systems Associated with Two Irrigation Techniques in Primary Teeth. [So] Source: J Clin Pediatr Dent;40(6):490-495, 2016. [Is] ISSN: 1053-4628 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 2 NiTi file systems [Twisted File Adaptive (TFA) and Reciproc (RP)] and 2 irrigation techniques [Conventional needle irrigation (CNI) and Laser activated irrigation (LAI)] on the amount of apically extruded debris in primary maxillary molars. STUDY DESIGN: Sixty extracted primary maxillary molars were randomly divided into 4 groups. The mesio-buccal roots of teeth in 4 groups were instrumented using TFA with LAI, RP with LAI, TFA with CNI and RP with CNI respectively. Debris extruded during instrumentation was collected into Eppendorf tubes and amounts were determined. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA test at 0.05 level of significance. RESULTS: The results indicated all instrumentation and irrigation systems caused a measurable apical extrusion of debris. However, no statistically significant difference in debris extrusion was observed between irrigation techniques or instrumentation systems (P > 0.05). The total amount of debris extruded apically by LAI was greater than that by CNI. CONCLUSIONS: All instrumentation and irrigation techniques caused debris extrusion. However, the optimal laser activation time and power settings should be investigated to ensure minimal extrusion of debris and irrigant due to cavitation and pressure during LAI in root canal treatment. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Ligas Dentárias/química Corpos Estranhos/etiologia Níquel/química Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/uso terapêutico Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação Irrigação Terapêutica/métodos Titânio/química Ápice Dentário/patologia Dente Decíduo/patologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Seres Humanos Técnicas In Vitro Lasers de Estado Sólido Dente Molar/patologia Agulhas Distribuição Aleatória Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/administração & dosagem Camada de Esfregaço/etiologia Irrigação Terapêutica/instrumentação [Pt] Tipo de publicação: COMPARATIVE STUDY; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Dental Alloys); 0 (Root Canal Irrigants); 12035-60-8 (titanium nickelide); 7OV03QG267 (Nickel); D1JT611TNE (Titanium) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1701 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170125 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170125 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: D [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161103 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27616541 [Au] Autor: Morago A; Ordinola-Zapata R; Ferrer-Luque CM; Baca P; Ruiz-Linares M; Arias-Moliz MT [Ad] Endereço: Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. [Ti] Título: Influence of Smear Layer on the Antimicrobial Activity of a Sodium Hypochlorite/Etidronic Acid Irrigating Solution in Infected Dentin. [So] Source: J Endod;42(11):1647-1650, 2016 Nov. [Is] ISSN: 1878-3554 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the smear layer on the antimicrobial activity of a 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)/9% etidronic acid (HEBP) irrigating solution against bacteria growing inside dentin tubules. METHODS: Dentin tubules were infected with Enterococcus faecalis by centrifugation. After 5 days of incubation, the smear layer had formed in half of the samples, which were then treated with 2.5% NaOCl either alone or combined with 9% HEBP for 3 minutes. The percentage of dead cells in infected dentinal tubules was measured using confocal laser scanning microscopy and the live/dead technique. The smear layer on the surface of the root canal wall was also observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results of the percentage of dead cells were compared using parametric tests after subjecting data to the normalized Anscombe transformation. The level of significance was P < .05. RESULTS: In the absence of the smear layer, 2.5% NaOCl alone and combined with 9% HEBP showed high antimicrobial activity without significant differences between the 2. The smear layer reduced the antimicrobial activity of 2.5% NaOCl significantly, whereas the solution with HEBP was not affected. No dentin tubules free of the smear layer were obtained in the 2.5% NaOCl group. In the case of 2.5% NaOCl/9% HEBP, 95.40% ± 3.63% of dentin tubules were cleaned. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of the smear layer reduced the antimicrobial activity of 2.5% NaOCl. The combination of 2.5% NaOCl/9% HEBP exerted antimicrobial activity that was not reduced by the smear layer. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia Cárie Dentária/microbiologia Dentina/microbiologia Ácido Etidrônico/farmacologia Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/farmacologia Camada de Esfregaço/microbiologia Hipoclorito de Sódio/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos Bactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento Dente Pré-Molar/microbiologia Cavidade Pulpar/microbiologia Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos Enterococcus faecalis/efeitos dos fármacos Enterococcus faecalis/crescimento & desenvolvimento Seres Humanos Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura Distribuição Aleatória [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Anti-Infective Agents); 0 (Root Canal Irrigants); DY38VHM5OD (Sodium Hypochlorite); M2F465ROXU (Etidronic Acid) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1708 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170822 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170822 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: D [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160913 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27595725 [Au] Autor: Kiran S; Prakash S; Siddharth PR; Saha S; Geojan NE; Ramachandran M [Ad] Endereço: Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Triveni Institute of Dental Sciences, Hospital & Research Centre, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India, Phone: +9663904586, e-mail: drkirans@yahoo.co.in. [Ti] Título: Comparative Evaluation of Smear Layer and Debris on the Canal Walls prepared with a Combination of Hand and Rotary ProTaper Technique using Scanning Electron Microscope. [So] Source: J Contemp Dent Pract;17(7):574-81, 2016 Jul 01. [Is] ISSN: 1526-3711 [Cp] País de publicação: India [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: INTRODUCTION: The effect of smear layer and debris on the success rate of endodontic treatment has not yet been definitely determined. So the present study was aimed to evaluate the amount of smear layer and debris on the canal walls prepared with a combination of hand and rotary ProTaper technique using NaOCl and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) alternately as root canal irrigants using scanning electron microscope (SEM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty intact freshly extracted human permanent mandibular premolar teeth were collected and randomly divided equally into four groups. In group I canals were prepared with hand K-Flexofiles; group II with rotary ProTaper instruments; group III with rotary ProTaper instruments and final instrumentation was done with hand K-Flexofile; group IV with rotary ProTaper instruments and final instrumentation was done with RC-Prep and irrigated with 1 mL of normal saline. In all groups canals were irrigated using NaOCl and EDTA alternately. After instrumentation, the teeth were prepared for SEM examination using five-score indices for debris and smear layer at coronal, middle, and apical third levels. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test (p < 0.05) and Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in cleaning the apical third. Groups I and III showed better canal cleanliness compared to group II. The use of EDTA and NaOCl in group III was more effective in removing debris and smear layer compared to EDTA and normal saline in group IV. Regardless of the instrumentation technique employed and the irrigant used, the cleaning ability decreased in the apical third, resulting in higher debris and smear layer scores compared to coronal and middle third levels. CONCLUSION: None of the instrumentation techniques in the present study could completely eliminate the smear layer and debris from the canal walls. Instrumentation of the canals with hand files after automated rotary preparation could result in cleaner canal walls. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Alternate irrigation with NaOCl and EDTA is effective in the removal of debris and smear layer in the coronal and middle level, but the effectiveness in the apical third is less. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Dente Pré-Molar/cirurgia Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos Camada de Esfregaço [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Dente Pré-Molar/ultraestrutura Instrumentos Odontológicos Ácido Edético/farmacologia Seres Humanos Técnicas In Vitro Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura Distribuição Aleatória Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/farmacologia Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação Hipoclorito de Sódio/farmacologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: COMPARATIVE STUDY; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Root Canal Irrigants); 9G34HU7RV0 (Edetic Acid); DY38VHM5OD (Sodium Hypochlorite) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171030 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171030 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: D; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160907 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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