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[PMID]: 29203758 [Au] Autor: Stefanski M; Brulinski K; Stefanska M [Ad] Endereço: Oddzial Chirurgii Klatki Piersiowej, Centrum Pulmonologii I Torakochirurgii, Bystra, Polska. [Ti] Título: [Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (dipnech) - an overview of the cases diagnosed at the department of thoracic surgery in the years 2010-2014]. [So] Source: Wiad Lek;70(5):1005-1012, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 0043-5147 [Cp] País de publicação: Poland [La] Idioma: pol [Ab] Resumo: INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNEC) are present in the normal lungs with the incidence of 1 in 2500 epithelial cells. They usually proliferate in the presence of reactive processes related to inflammation and fibrosis of the lung parenchyma. The division of pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia proposed by Travis et al. additionally distinguished diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) or proliferation that occurs in people without reactive hyperplasia risk factors. The confirmation of the DIPNECH diagnosis requires staining of biopsy specimens using the immunohistochemical technique for neuroendocrine markers. AIM: The aim of this study is to overview the cases of 5 patients in whom the histopathological DIPNECH diagnosis was made in the process of invasive diagnostics performed at the Department of Thoracic Surgery. The aim of the study is to evaluate typical clinical, functional, radiological and histopathological features of this rare disease syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the period from April 2010 to June 2014, five patients with lesions in the lungs were subjected to invasive diagnostics. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of the collected specimens were used to make the DIPNECH diagnosis in these patients. The natural history of the disease was traced based on a 5-year follow-up in one of the patients. In addition, we analyzed the literature with regard to the described cases. CONCLUSIONS: Thanks to the early diagnosis of non-specific lesions in the lungs, typical carcinoid which develops on the basis of discussed DIPNECH, was found in the resected material in two out of five operated patients. The accurate diagnosis of DIPNECH allows for the implementation of appropriate treatment and channels further management of the patient into the right direction. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Hiperplasia/diagnóstico por imagem Hiperplasia/patologia Pneumopatias/diagnóstico por imagem Pneumopatias/patologia Células Neuroendócrinas/patologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Idoso Proliferação Celular Feminino Seres Humanos Imuno-Histoquímica Masculino Meia-Idade Testes de Função Respiratória Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180308 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180308 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171206 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28453816 [Au] Autor: Shimura T; Yamamoto M; Kagase A; Kodama A; Kano S; Koyama Y; Tada N; Takagi K; Araki M; Yamanaka F; Shirai S; Watanabe Y; Hayashida K [Ad] Endereço: Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi, Japan. [Ti] Título: The incidence, predictive factors and prognosis of acute pulmonary complications after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. [So] Source: Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg;25(2):191-197, 2017 08 01. [Is] ISSN: 1569-9285 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVES: Although acute pulmonary complications (APCs), such as the exacerbation of pulmonary disease (PD) or a newly developed pulmonary event, are thought to be catastrophic after invasive therapy, little is known about the occurrence of APCs after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). This study aims to clarify the incidence, predictive factors and impact of APCs on prognosis after TAVI. METHODS: We identified 749 patients who underwent TAVI, using data from the Optimized CathEter vAlvular iNtervention (OCEAN-TAVI) Japanese multicentre registry. APCs were defined as exacerbation of a comorbidity or newly developed PD during hospitalization. Patients were divided into 2 groups: an APC group (1.5%, 11/749) and a non-APC group (98.5%, 738/749). Clinical and prognostic outcomes were compared, and predictive factors for APCs were assessed. RESULTS: Procedure-related death did not differ between the groups (0.4% vs 0.0%, P = 1.00), although 30-day mortality was significantly higher in the APC group than in the non-APC group (27.3% vs 1.6%, P = 0.001) and the difference in cumulative 1-year mortality increased further (72.7% vs 8.6%, log-rank test: P < 0.001). In particular, concomitant PD and transapical (TA) approach were identified as predictors of APCs after TAVI [univariable odds ratio (uOR) = 24.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.08-189.9, P = 0.002; uOR = 3.69, 95% CI = 1.11-12.3, P = 0.033, respectively]. CONCLUSIONS: Although rare, the occurrence of APCs after TAVI was associated with extremely poor prognosis. Patients undergoing TAVI with concomitant PD and/or TA require careful consideration to avoid the risk of APCs. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia Pneumopatias/epidemiologia Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia Sistema de Registros Medição de Risco Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter/efeitos adversos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Doença Aguda Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais Feminino Fluoroscopia Seres Humanos Incidência Japão/epidemiologia Pneumopatias/diagnóstico Masculino Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico Prognóstico Estudos Prospectivos Fatores de Risco Taxa de Sobrevida/tendências [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; MULTICENTER STUDY [Em] Mês de entrada: 1712 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180308 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180308 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170429 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx075

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[PMID]: 29386192 [Au] Autor: Tu H; Wen CP; Tsai SP; Chow WH; Wen C; Ye Y; Zhao H; Tsai MK; Huang M; Dinney CP; Tsao CK; Wu X [Ad] Endereço: Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. [Ti] Título: Cancer risk associated with chronic diseases and disease markers: prospective cohort study. [So] Source: BMJ;360:k134, 2018 01 31. [Is] ISSN: 1756-1833 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVES: To assess the independent and joint associations of major chronic diseases and disease markers with cancer risk and to explore the benefit of physical activity in reducing the cancer risk associated with chronic diseases and disease markers. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Standard medical screening program in Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS: 405 878 participants, for whom cardiovascular disease markers (blood pressure, total cholesterol, and heart rate), diabetes, chronic kidney disease markers (proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate), pulmonary disease, and gouty arthritis marker (uric acid) were measured or diagnosed according to standard methods, were followed for an average of 8.7 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cancer incidence and cancer mortality. RESULTS: A statistically significantly increased risk of incident cancer was observed for the eight diseases and markers individually (except blood pressure and pulmonary disease), with adjusted hazard ratios ranging from 1.07 to 1.44. All eight diseases and markers were statistically significantly associated with risk of cancer death, with adjusted hazard ratios ranging from 1.12 to 1.70. Chronic disease risk scores summarizing the eight diseases and markers were positively associated with cancer risk in a dose-response manner, with the highest scores associated with a 2.21-fold (95% confidence interval 1.77-fold to 2.75-fold) and 4.00-fold (2.84-fold to 5.63-fold) higher cancer incidence and cancer mortality, respectively. High chronic disease risk scores were associated with substantial years of life lost, and the highest scores were associated with 13.3 years of life lost in men and 15.9 years of life lost in women. The population attributable fractions of cancer incidence or cancer mortality from the eight chronic diseases and markers together were comparable to those from five major lifestyle factors combined (cancer incidence: 20.5% 24.8%; cancer mortality: 38.9% 39.7%). Among physically active (versus inactive) participants, the increased cancer risk associated with chronic diseases and markers was attenuated by 48% for cancer incidence and 27% for cancer mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic disease is an overlooked risk factor for cancer, as important as five major lifestyle factors combined. In this study, chronic diseases contributed to more than one fifth of the risk for incident cancer and more than one third of the risk for cancer death. Physical activity is associated with a nearly 40% reduction in the cancer risk associated with chronic diseases. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Biomarcadores/sangue Doença Crônica/epidemiologia Neoplasias/complicações [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Artrite Gotosa/epidemiologia Artrite Gotosa/metabolismo Doenças Cardiovasculares/complicações Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia Doença Crônica/mortalidade Complicações do Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia Detecção Precoce de Câncer/métodos Exercício/fisiologia Feminino Seres Humanos Incidência Estilo de Vida Pneumopatias/epidemiologia Pneumopatias/metabolismo Pneumopatias/fisiopatologia Masculino Meia-Idade Neoplasias/epidemiologia Neoplasias/mortalidade Avaliação de Resultados (Cuidados de Saúde) Estudos Prospectivos Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicações Insuficiência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia Fatores de Risco Taiwan/epidemiologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, N.I.H., EXTRAMURAL; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Biomarkers) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180305 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180305 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 180202 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1136/bmj.k134

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[PMID]: 28461147 [Au] Autor: Diel R; Ringshausen F; Richter E; Welker L; Schmitz J; Nienhaus A [Ad] Endereço: Institute for Epidemiology, University Medical Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel. Member of the German Center for Lung Research (ARCN); Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL) LungClinic Grosshansdorf. Electronic address: roland.diel@epi.uni-kiel.de. [Ti] Título: Microbiological and Clinical Outcomes of Treating Non-Mycobacterium Avium Complex Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. [So] Source: Chest;152(1):120-142, 2017 07. [Is] ISSN: 1931-3543 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Pulmonary disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is steadily increasing worldwide. METHODS: A systematic review of non-Mycobacterium avium complex studies published prior to October 2016 was conducted with respect to microbiological and clinical outcomes of current treatment regimens. RESULTS: We retrieved 352 citations, which yielded 24 studies eligible for evaluation. Sixteen studies were retrospective chart reviews, three studies were prospective, and only five studies were randomized. The weighted average proportion of sputum culture conversion (SCC) after subtracting posttreatment relapses for patients with M abscessus was 41.2% (95% CI, 28.6%-54.5%) but was 69.8% (95% CI, 41.0%-91.9%) with subspecies M massiliense in macrolide-containing regimens, 80.2% (95% CI, 58.4%-95.2%) in patients with M kansasii, 32.0% (95% CI, 16.5%-49.8%) for M xenopi (MX) and 54.4% (95% CI, 34.7%-73.4%) for M malmoense. SCCs in the total of 55 patients who underwent lung resection and had MX or M abscessus was high at 75.9%. The risk of bias was low in four of five randomized studies. However, heterogeneous use of outcome parameters (eight definitions of "relapse," eight of "treatment success," and four of "cure") hampered comparison of nonrandomized studies as well as producing possible bias by a posteriori exclusion (13.3%) and uncompleted treatment of participants (25.3%). CONCLUSIONS: As a sustained microbiological response without surgery is unsatisfactory in treating M abscessus, MX, and M malmoense, functional and quality of life aspects should be given more emphasis in the individual evaluation of treatment outcome. Further, properly planned studies with sufficient power are needed, as are new drugs or better-tolerated application of current antibiotics, or both. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Pneumopatias Infecções por Micobactéria não Tuberculosa Complexo Mycobacterium avium Micobactérias não Tuberculosas [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto Gerenciamento Clínico Seres Humanos Pneumopatias/diagnóstico Pneumopatias/microbiologia Pneumopatias/terapia Técnicas Microbiológicas/métodos Infecções por Micobactéria não Tuberculosa/diagnóstico Infecções por Micobactéria não Tuberculosa/microbiologia Infecções por Micobactéria não Tuberculosa/terapia Complexo Mycobacterium avium/efeitos dos fármacos Complexo Mycobacterium avium/isolamento & purificação Complexo Mycobacterium avium/patogenicidade Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/efeitos dos fármacos Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/isolamento & purificação Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/patogenicidade Avaliação de Processos e Resultados (Cuidados de Saúde) [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Em] Mês de entrada: 1708 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180305 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180305 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170503 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 29357388 [Au] Autor: Han Y; Kim HJ; Kong KA; Kim SJ; Lee SH; Ryu YJ; Lee JH; Kim Y; Shim SS; Chang JH [Ad] Endereço: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. [Ti] Título: Diagnosis of small pulmonary lesions by transbronchial lung biopsy with radial endobronchial ultrasound and virtual bronchoscopic navigation versus CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. [So] Source: PLoS One;13(1):e0191590, 2018. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Advances in bronchoscopy and CT-guided lung biopsy have improved the evaluation of small pulmonary lesions (PLs), leading to an increase in preoperative histological diagnosis. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transbronchial lung biopsy using radial endobronchial ultrasound and virtual bronchoscopic navigation (TBLB-rEBUS&VBN) and CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy (CT-TNB) for tissue diagnosis of small PLs. METHODS: A systematic search was performed in five electronic databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Scopus, for relevant studies in May 2016; the selected articles were assessed using meta-analysis. The articles were limited to those published after 2000 that studied small PLs ≤ 3 cm in diameter. RESULTS: From 7345 records, 9 articles on the bronchoscopic (BR) approach and 15 articles on the percutaneous (PC) approach were selected. The pooled diagnostic yield was 75% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69-80) using the BR approach and 93% (95% CI, 90-96) using the PC approach. For PLs ≤ 2 cm, the PC approach (pooled diagnostic yield: 92%, 95% CI: 88-95) was superior to the BR approach (66%, 95% CI: 55-76). However, for PLs > 2 cm but ≤ 3 cm, the diagnostic yield using the BR approach was improved to 81% (95% CI, 75-85). Complications of pneumothorax and hemorrhage were rare with the BR approach but common with the PC approach. CONCLUSIONS: CT-TNB was superior to TBLB-rEBUS&VBN for the evaluation of small PLs. However, for lesions greater than 2 cm, the BR approach may be considered considering its diagnostic yield of over 80% and the low risk of procedure-related complications. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Pneumopatias/diagnóstico Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Biópsia por Agulha/efeitos adversos Biópsia por Agulha/métodos Broncoscopia/efeitos adversos Broncoscopia/métodos Endossonografia/efeitos adversos Endossonografia/métodos Hemoptise/etiologia Hemorragia/etiologia Seres Humanos Biópsia Guiada por Imagem/efeitos adversos Biópsia Guiada por Imagem/métodos Pneumopatias/diagnóstico por imagem Pneumopatias/patologia Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia Pneumotórax/etiologia Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos Interface Usuário-Computador [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; META-ANALYSIS; REVIEW [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180302 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180302 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 180123 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191590

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[PMID]: 29390345 [Au] Autor: Liu A; Zhang Q; Liu B; Xu N; Li A [Ti] Título: A case of immunoglobulin G4-related lung disease with bilateral diffuse infiltration: A case report. [So] Source: Medicine (Baltimore);96(50):e9211, 2017 Dec. [Is] ISSN: 1536-5964 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: RATIONALE: Immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a rare and chronic progressive autoimmune disease. It is a novel clinical entity characterized by elevated serum IgG4 concentration and tissue infiltration by IgG4 plasma cells. IgG4-related lung disease (IgG4-RLD) has been described as interstitial pneumonia and inflammatory pseudotumor, with various abnormal radiographic patterns. We report a case of IgG4-related lung disease with bilateral diffuse infiltration. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 65-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of cough, sputum, and fever. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed multifocal areas of consolidations, nodules, and ground glass opacities in both lungs. She still had fever after anti-infective therapy. DIAGNOSES: Bronchial bronchoscopy and percutaneous lung biopsy were performed, resulted in a pathological diagnosis of IgG4-RLD. INTERVENTIONS: The patient was started on oral prednisolone 30 mg/day for 28 days, and then was gradually tapered. OUTCOMES: After one week treatment, the temperature was stable, CT showed significant improvement in the areas of consolidations and nodules. LESSONS: It is a typical case of IgG4-RLD. This case indicated that suggestive evidence, radiological appearances, serum tests, pathological characteristics, and classic therapy IgG4-RLD. It is a rare disease that needs our more attention in future. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Doenças Autoimunes/diagnóstico Imunoglobulina G/imunologia Pneumopatias/diagnóstico [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Idoso Doenças Autoimunes/tratamento farmacológico Biópsia Broncoscopia Diagnóstico Diferencial Feminino Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico Seres Humanos Pneumopatias/tratamento farmacológico Prednisolona/uso terapêutico Doenças Raras Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X [Pt] Tipo de publicação: CASE REPORTS; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Glucocorticoids); 0 (Immunoglobulin G); 9PHQ9Y1OLM (Prednisolone) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1802 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180301 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180301 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 180203 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000009211

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[PMID]: 29216800 [Au] Autor: Gu G; Yang H; Cui L; Fu Y; Li F; Zhou Z; Zheng Y [Ad] Endereço: 1 Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China. [Ti] Título: Vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome With a Novel Missense COL3A1 Mutation Present With Pulmonary Complications and Iliac Arterial Dissection. [So] Source: Vasc Endovascular Surg;52(2):138-142, 2018 Feb. [Is] ISSN: 1938-9116 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS) is a life-threatening connective tissue disorder due to its high tendency of arterial and organ rupture. Pulmonary complications in vEDS are rare. We present a young male patient with vEDS who developed severe pulmonary complications and severe rupture of the iliac artery at different stages of his life. Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome was diagnosed based on clinical manifestations and confirmed by the identification of COL3A1 gene mutation. Due to high bleeding tendency and weak cardiopulmonary capacity, conservative treatment was taken for him. To our knowledge, this is the first report of vEDS case in which the patient developed both pulmonary complications and dissection of large arteries. Our report emphasizes the importance of considering vEDS when an adolescent develops unexplained pulmonary cysts with fragility of lung tissues. Genetic counseling and close monitoring should be performed for earlier diagnosis and prevention of severe complications of large arteries. The typical presentations of vEDS were also discussed by means of a review of case reports on vEDS with pulmonary complications. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Aneurisma Roto/etiologia Colágeno Tipo III/genética Síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos/genética Aneurisma Ilíaco/etiologia Pneumopatias/etiologia Mutação de Sentido Incorreto [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adolescente Aneurisma Roto/diagnóstico por imagem Aneurisma Roto/terapia Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada Análise Mutacional de DNA Síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos/complicações Síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos/diagnóstico Predisposição Genética para Doença Seres Humanos Aneurisma Ilíaco/diagnóstico por imagem Pneumopatias/diagnóstico por imagem Pneumopatias/cirurgia Masculino Fenótipo Pneumonectomia Resultado do Tratamento [Pt] Tipo de publicação: CASE REPORTS; JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (COL3A1 protein, human); 0 (Collagen Type III) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1802 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180228 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180228 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171209 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1177/1538574417745432

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[PMID]: 28459070 [Au] Autor: Lim JS; Lee S; Do HH; Oh KH [Ad] Endereço: Department of Emergency Medicine, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea. [Ti] Título: Can Limited Education of Lung Ultrasound Be Conducted to Medical Students Properly? A Pilot Study. [So] Source: Biomed Res Int;2017:8147075, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 2314-6141 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: . Lung ultrasonography (LUS) is a useful examination to identify lung problems. Unfortunately, there are currently no LUS educational programs for medical students. We designed a brief LUS training course for medical students during the ED rotation. The purpose of training was improving cognitive and psychomotor learning domains, knowledge of ultrasound, knowledge of LUS, image acquisition, and image interpretation. . Forty students in their fourth year of medical school were enrolled in this study. Student achievement was evaluated through examinations of cognitive and psychomotor skills. A survey was administered following the training. The average test result was 42.1 ± 13.7 before training and 82.6 ± 10.7 after training. With respect to the assessment of LUS performance, the acceptable rates for right and left anterior chest wall scanning and right and left posterolateral scanning were 95%, 97.5%, 92.5%, and 100%, respectively. The students felt a high level of confidence in their ability to administer LUS to patients after training and they agreed that inclusion of LUS training in the medical school curriculum is necessary. This study showed that, among the medical students without ultrasound experience, limited LUS education to improve their knowledge, image acquisition, and interpretation ability was successful. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Educação de Graduação em Medicina Pneumopatias/diagnóstico por imagem Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem Estudantes de Medicina Ultrassonografia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Educação de Graduação em Medicina/métodos Educação de Graduação em Medicina/estatística & dados numéricos Avaliação Educacional Feminino Seres Humanos Masculino Projetos Piloto Estudos Prospectivos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1802 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180227 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180227 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170502 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1155/2017/8147075

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[PMID]: 29208662 [Au] Autor: Deshmukh M; Patole S [Ad] Endereço: Department of Neonatal Paediatrics, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. [Ti] Título: Antenatal corticosteroids in impending preterm deliveries before 25 weeks' gestation. [So] Source: Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed;103(2):F173-F176, 2018 Mar. [Is] ISSN: 1468-2052 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Antenatal corticosteroid (ANC) use before 25 weeks' gestation is controversial. Our previous systematic review (eight observational studies, n=10 109) showed that ANC exposure was associated with significantly reduced mortality and severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH)/periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) in neonates born <25 weeks. We update our review by adding data (n=3334) from a recent study. We used Cochrane methodology and summarised the results using GRADE (The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) guidelines. Nine high-quality observational studies were included. Meta-analysis (random effects model) showed reduced mortality (n=13 443; OR=0.48 (95% CI 0.42 to 0.55) P<0.00001; level of evidence (LOE): moderate) and IVH or PVL (n=8418; OR=0.70 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.79), P<0.00001; LOE: moderate) in neonates born <25 weeks exposed to ANC. There was no difference in necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) ≥stage II (n=8737; OR=1.01 (95% CI 0.84 to 1.22), P=0.89; LOE: low); incidence of chronic lung disease (CLD) was higher (n=7983; OR=1.32 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.67), P=0.02; LOE: low) in ANC group. Composite outcomes of death/major morbidities (eg, severe IVH, NEC, CLD) were improved after ANC exposure. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Corticosteroides/administração & dosagem Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/mortalidade Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/prevenção & controle Leucomalácia Periventricular/mortalidade Leucomalácia Periventricular/prevenção & controle [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Enterocolite Necrosante/mortalidade Enterocolite Necrosante/prevenção & controle Idade Gestacional Seres Humanos Recém-Nascido Pneumopatias/mortalidade Pneumopatias/prevenção & controle Estudos Observacionais como Assunto [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; META-ANALYSIS; REVIEW [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Adrenal Cortex Hormones) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1802 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180226 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180226 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171207 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2017-313840

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[PMID]: 29172671 [Au] Autor: Silva M; Milanese G; Seletti V; Ariani A; Sverzellati N [Ad] Endereço: 1 Department of Medicine and Surgery (DiMeC), Section of Radiology, Unit of Surgical Sciences, University of Parma , Parma , Italy. [Ti] Título: Pulmonary quantitative CT imaging in focal and diffuse disease: current research and clinical applications. [So] Source: Br J Radiol;91(1083):20170644, 2018 Feb. [Is] ISSN: 1748-880X [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The frenetic development of imaging technology-both hardware and software-provides exceptional potential for investigation of the lung. In the last two decades, CT was exploited for detailed characterization of pulmonary structures and description of respiratory disease. The introduction of volumetric acquisition allowed increasingly sophisticated analysis of CT data by means of computerized algorithm, namely quantitative CT (QCT). Hundreds of thousands of CTs have been analysed for characterization of focal and diffuse disease of the lung. Several QCT metrics were developed and tested against clinical, functional and prognostic descriptors. Computer-aided detection of nodules, textural analysis of focal lesions, densitometric analysis and airway segmentation in obstructive pulmonary disease and textural analysis in interstitial lung disease are the major chapters of this discipline. The validation of QCT metrics for specific clinical and investigational needs prompted the translation of such metrics from research field to patient care. The present review summarizes the state of the art of QCT in both focal and diffuse lung disease, including a dedicated discussion about application of QCT metrics as parameters for clinical care and outcomes in clinical trials. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Pneumopatias/tratamento farmacológico Pneumopatias/patologia Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Algoritmos Diagnóstico por Computador/métodos Seres Humanos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Em] Mês de entrada: 1802 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180226 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180226 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171128 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20170644

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