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[PMID]: 29241319 [Au] Autor: Chen H; Huang J; Shi X; Li Y; Liu Y [Ad] Endereço: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi?an,China. [Ti] Título: Effects of six substances on the growth and freeze-drying of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. [So] Source: Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment;16(4):403-412, 2017 Oct-Dec. [Is] ISSN: 1898-9594 [Cp] País de publicação: Poland [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: The efficacy of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus as starter cultures for the dairy industry depends largely on the number of viable and active cells. Freeze-drying is the most convenient and successful method to preserve the bacterial cells. However, not all strains survived during freeze-drying. METHODS: The effects of six substances including NaCl, sorbitol, mannitol, mannose, sodium glutamate, betaine added to the MRS medium on the growth and freeze-drying survival rate and viable counts of Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus were studied through a single-factor test and Plackett-Burman design. Subsequently, the optimum freeze-drying conditions of Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus were determined. RESULTS: Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus survival rates were up to the maximum of 42.7%, 45.4%, 23.6%, while the concentrations of NaCl, sorbitol, sodium glutamate were 0.6%, 0.15%, 0.09%, respectively. In the optimum concentration, the viable counts in broth is 6.1, 6.9, 5.13 (×108 CFU/mL), respectively; the viable counts in freeze-drying power are 3.09, 5.2, 2.7 (×1010 CFU/g), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Three antifreeze factors including NaCl, sorbitol, sodium glutamate have a positive effect on the growth and freeze-drying of Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. The results are beneficial for developing Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Crioprotetores/farmacologia Aditivos Alimentares/farmacologia Liofilização Lactobacillus delbrueckii [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Betaína/farmacologia Lactobacillus delbrueckii/efeitos dos fármacos Lactobacillus delbrueckii/crescimento & desenvolvimento Manitol/farmacologia Viabilidade Microbiana Cloreto de Sódio/farmacologia Glutamato de Sódio/farmacologia Sorbitol/farmacologia Iogurte/microbiologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Cryoprotective Agents); 0 (Food Additives); 3OWL53L36A (Mannitol); 3SCV180C9W (Betaine); 451W47IQ8X (Sodium Chloride); 506T60A25R (Sorbitol); W81N5U6R6U (Sodium Glutamate) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1802 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180208 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180208 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171216 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.17306/J.AFS.0512

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[PMID]: 28745633 [Au] Autor: De Porcellinis A; Frigaard NU; Sakuragi Y [Ad] Endereço: Carlsberg Research Laboratory. [Ti] Título: Determination of the Glycogen Content in Cyanobacteria. [So] Source: J Vis Exp;(125), 2017 Jul 17. [Is] ISSN: 1940-087X [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Cyanobacteria accumulate glycogen as a major intracellular carbon and energy storage during photosynthesis. Recent developments in research have highlighted complex mechanisms of glycogen metabolism, including the diel cycle of biosynthesis and catabolism, redox regulation, and the involvement of non-coding RNA. At the same time, efforts are being made to redirect carbon from glycogen to desirable products in genetically engineered cyanobacteria to enhance product yields. Several methods are used to determine the glycogen contents in cyanobacteria, with variable accuracies and technical complexities. Here, we provide a detailed protocol for the reliable determination of the glycogen content in cyanobacteria that can be performed in a standard life science laboratory. The protocol entails the selective precipitation of glycogen from the cell lysate and the enzymatic depolymerization of glycogen to generate glucose monomers, which are detected by a glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOD-POD) enzyme coupled assay. The method has been applied to Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, two model cyanobacterial species that are widely used in metabolic engineering. Moreover, the method successfully showed differences in the glycogen contents between the wildtype and mutants defective in regulatory elements or glycogen biosynthetic genes. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Ensaios Enzimáticos/métodos Glicogênio/metabolismo Synechocystis/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Glucose/análise Glucose/metabolismo Glucose Oxidase/metabolismo Manitol/metabolismo Peroxidase/metabolismo Synechocystis/genética Gravação em Vídeo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 3OWL53L36A (Mannitol); 9005-79-2 (Glycogen); EC 1.1.3.4 (Glucose Oxidase); EC 1.11.1.7 (Peroxidase); IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180130 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180130 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170727 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.3791/56068

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[PMID]: 28448887 [Au] Autor: Wang H; Barona D; Oladepo S; Williams L; Hoe S; Lechuga-Ballesteros D; Vehring R [Ad] Endereço: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G8, Canada. [Ti] Título: Macro-Raman spectroscopy for bulk composition and homogeneity analysis of multi-component pharmaceutical powders. [So] Source: J Pharm Biomed Anal;141:180-191, 2017 Jul 15. [Is] ISSN: 1873-264X [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: A new macro-Raman system equipped with a motorized translational sample stage and low-frequency shift capabilities was developed for bulk composition and homogeneity analysis of multi-component pharmaceutical powders. Different sampling methods including single spot and scanning measurement were compared. It was found that increasing sample volumes significantly improved the precision of quantitative composition analysis, especially for poorly mixed powders. The multi-pass cavity of the macro-Raman system increased effective sample volumes by 20 times from the sample volume defined by the collection optics, i.e., from 0.02µL to about 0.4µL. A stochastic model simulating the random sampling process of polydisperse microparticles was used to predict the sampling errors for a specific sample volume. Comparison of fluticasone propionate mass fractions of the commercial products Flixotide 250 and Seretide 500 simulated for different sampling volumes with experimentally measured compositions verified that the effective sample volume of a single point macro-Raman measurement in the multi-pass cavity of this instrument was between 0.3µL and 0.5µL. The macro-Raman system was also successfully used for blend uniformity analysis. It was concluded that demixing occurred in the binary mixture of l-leucine and d-mannitol from the observation that the sampling errors indicated by the standard deviations of measured leucine mass fractions increased during mixing, and the standard deviation values were all larger than the theoretical lower limit determined by the simulation. Since sample volume was shown to have a significant impact on measured homogeneity characteristics, it was concluded that powder homogeneity analysis results, i.e., the mean of individual test results and absolute and relative standard deviations, must be presented together with the effective sample volumes of the applied testing techniques for any measurement of powder homogeneity to be fully meaningful. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Análise Espectral Raman [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Química Farmacêutica Fluticasona Leucina Manitol Preparações Farmacêuticas Pós [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Pharmaceutical Preparations); 0 (Powders); 3OWL53L36A (Mannitol); CUT2W21N7U (Fluticasone); GMW67QNF9C (Leucine) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180125 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180125 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170428 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 29261810 [Au] Autor: Attoff K; Gliga A; Lundqvist J; Norinder U; Forsby A [Ad] Endereço: Department of Neurochemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. [Ti] Título: Whole genome microarray analysis of neural progenitor C17.2 cells during differentiation and validation of 30 neural mRNA biomarkers for estimation of developmental neurotoxicity. [So] Source: PLoS One;12(12):e0190066, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Despite its high relevance, developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) is one of the least studied forms of toxicity. Current guidelines for DNT testing are based on in vivo testing and they require extensive resources. Transcriptomic approaches using relevant in vitro models have been suggested as a useful tool for identifying possible DNT-generating compounds. In this study, we performed whole genome microarray analysis on the murine progenitor cell line C17.2 following 5 and 10 days of differentiation. We identified 30 genes that are strongly associated with neural differentiation. The C17.2 cell line can be differentiated into a co-culture of both neurons and neuroglial cells, giving a more relevant picture of the brain than using neuronal cells alone. Among the most highly upregulated genes were genes involved in neurogenesis (CHRDL1), axonal guidance (BMP4), neuronal connectivity (PLXDC2), axonogenesis (RTN4R) and astrocyte differentiation (S100B). The 30 biomarkers were further validated by exposure to non-cytotoxic concentrations of two DNT-inducing compounds (valproic acid and methylmercury) and one neurotoxic chemical possessing a possible DNT activity (acrylamide). Twenty-eight of the 30 biomarkers were altered by at least one of the neurotoxic substances, proving the importance of these biomarkers during differentiation. These results suggest that gene expression profiling using a predefined set of biomarkers could be used as a sensitive tool for initial DNT screening of chemicals. Using a predefined set of mRNA biomarkers, instead of the whole genome, makes this model affordable and high-throughput. The use of such models could help speed up the initial screening of substances, possibly indicating alerts that need to be further studied in more sophisticated models. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Biomarcadores/metabolismo Diferenciação Celular/genética Genoma Análise em Microsséries/métodos Células-Tronco Neurais/citologia Células-Tronco Neurais/metabolismo Síndromes Neurotóxicas/genética [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Acrilamida/toxicidade Animais Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos Linhagem Celular Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos Sobrevivência Celular/genética Perfilação da Expressão Gênica Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos Manitol/toxicidade Compostos de Metilmercúrio/toxicidade Camundongos Células-Tronco Neurais/efeitos dos fármacos Análise de Componente Principal RNA Mensageiro/genética RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo Reprodutibilidade dos Testes Fatores de Tempo Ácido Valproico/toxicidade [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Methylmercury Compounds); 0 (RNA, Messenger); 20R035KLCI (Acrylamide); 3OWL53L36A (Mannitol); 614OI1Z5WI (Valproic Acid) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180108 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180108 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171221 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190066

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[PMID]: 29078847 [Au] Autor: Tsuchiya T; Endo A; Tsujikado K; Inukai T [Ad] Endereço: Department of Internal Medicine, Koshigaya Hospital, Dokkyo Medical University, Koshigaya, Japan. [Ti] Título: Involvement of Resveratrol and ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Sirtuin 1 Gene Expression in THP1 Cells. [So] Source: Am J Med Sci;354(4):415-422, 2017 Oct. [Is] ISSN: 1538-2990 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Resveratrol, a kind of polyphenol, has the potential to activate the longevity gene in several cells, in the same manner as calorie restriction. We investigated the effect of resveratrol and ω-3-line polyunsaturated fatty acid on surtuin 1 (SIRT1) gene expression in human monocytes (THP1) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined the gene expression of THP1 cells using real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis. Resveratol, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaeanoic acid (DHA) as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid were added on THP1 cells. We observed the changes in the SIRT1 gene expression in those cells, under various doses of agents and in time courses. Then, we examined the interaction of glucose and mannitol on those agents׳ effect of the gene expression. The concentration range of glucose and mannitol was from 5-20mM, respectively. RESULTS: The SIRT1 gene expression could be defined in 24 and 48 hours both in real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis and in Western blotting. Resveratrol showed SIRT1 gene expression in a dose-dependent manner in the range of 0-20µM in both analyses. Although EPA at 10µM showed marked increase in SIRT1 gene expression compared to control condition in Western blotting, this phenomenon was not in dose-dependent manner. DHA did not exhibit any augmentation of SIRT1 gene expression in a dose-dependent manner in the range of 0-20µM in both analyses. We refined the dose-dependent inhibition of the SIRT1 gene expression within 20mM glucose medium. Although 20mM did not exhibit any inhibition, 10µM resveratrol induced the gene expression compared to control medium. Both 5 and 15mM mannitol medium did not significantly alter basic gene expression and 10µM resveratrol-induced gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest that resveratrol and EPA, but not DHA, markedly activated the SIRT1 gene expression in THP1 cells, and that high glucose medium could inhibit the basic gene expression, but not powerful resveratrol-induced gene expression, in those cells. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos/farmacologia Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/farmacologia Regulação Enzimológica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos Monócitos/enzimologia Sirtuína 1/biossíntese Estilbenos/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Linhagem Celular Tumoral Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga Glucose/farmacologia Seres Humanos Manitol/farmacologia Monócitos/citologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Stilbenes); 25167-62-8 (Docosahexaenoic Acids); 3OWL53L36A (Mannitol); AAN7QOV9EA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid); EC 3.5.1.- (SIRT1 protein, human); EC 3.5.1.- (Sirtuin 1); IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose); Q369O8926L (resveratrol) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1711 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171103 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171103 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171029 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 29069003 [Au] Autor: Chen HB; Lian-Xiang P; Yue H; Chun H; Shu-Ping X; Rong-Pang L; Xiao-Zong W; Xiao-Lin L [Ad] Endereço: aDepartment of Gastroenterology, Sanming First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Sanming bDepartment of Gastroenterology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzou cDepartment of Cardiology, Fu Wai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences of Peking Union Medical College, Peking, China. [Ti] Título: Randomized controlled trial of 3 days fasting and oral senna, combined with mannitol and simethicone, before capsule endoscopy. [So] Source: Medicine (Baltimore);96(43):e8322, 2017 Oct. [Is] ISSN: 1536-5964 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: The approach to small bowel preparation before capsule endoscopy (CE) is still suboptimal. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred eighty patients were randomly allocated to 3 groups. Patients in Group A took 250 mL 20% mannitol and 1 L 0.9% saline orally at 05:00 hours on the day of the procedure. In Group B the same preparation was taken at 20:00 on the day before, and at 05:00 on the day of CE; in addition, 20 mL oral simethicone was taken 30 minutes before CE. Group C was treated identically to Group B, except that the patients fasted for 3 days and took 3 g senna orally 3 times daily before CE. The length of bowel containing green luminal contents was assessed by ImageJ software and bowel cleanliness was evaluated by computed assessment of the cleansing score. RESULTS: Cleansing of the whole small bowel and the distal small bowel were significantly different between the 3 groups (χ = 22.470, P = .000; χ = 17.029, P = .000, respectively). There were also significant differences between the 3 groups in the length of small bowel and specifically the length of the distal small bowel containing green luminal contents (χ = 12.390, P = .000, χ = 15.141, P = .000, respectively), but not with regard to the proximal small bowel (χ = 0.678, P = .509). CONCLUSIONS: Three days fasting and oral senna, combined with 20% mannitol and simethicone, before CE, can reduce the effects of bile on the small bowel and improve small bowel cleansing, especially in the distal small intestine. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Endoscopia por Cápsula Catárticos/administração & dosagem Intestino Delgado Manitol/administração & dosagem Extrato de Sena/administração & dosagem Simeticone/administração & dosagem [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Administração Oral Adulto Idoso Endoscopia por Cápsula/efeitos adversos Endoscopia por Cápsula/métodos Esquema de Medicação Jejum Feminino Gastroenteropatias/diagnóstico Seres Humanos Intestino Delgado/efeitos dos fármacos Intestino Delgado/fisiopatologia Masculino Meia-Idade Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente Resultado do Tratamento [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Cathartics); 3OWL53L36A (Mannitol); 8013-11-4 (Senna Extract); 8050-81-5 (Simethicone) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1711 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171123 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171123 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171026 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000008322

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[PMID]: 29023543 [Au] Autor: Takada T; Sato R; Kikuta S [Ad] Endereço: Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan. [Ti] Título: A mannitol/sorbitol receptor stimulates dietary intake in Tribolium castaneum. [So] Source: PLoS One;12(10):e0186420, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: In insects, perception of chemical stimuli is involved in the acceptance or rejection of food. Gustatory receptors (Grs) that regulate external signals in chemosensory organs have been found in many insects. Tribolium castaneum, a major pest of stored products, possesses over 200 Gr genes. An expanded repertoire of Gr genes appears to be required for diet recognition in species that are generalist feeders; however, it remains unclear whether T. castaneum recognizes a suite of chemicals common to many products or whether its feeding is activated by specific chemicals, and whether its Grs are involved in feeding behavior. It is difficult to determine the food preferences of T. castaneum based on dietary intake due to a lack of appropriate methodology. This study established a novel dietary intake estimation method using gypsum, designated the TribUTE (Tribolium Urges To Eat) assay. For this assay, T. castaneum adults were fed a gypsum block without added organic compounds. Sweet preference was determined by adding sweeteners and measuring the amount of gypsum in the excreta. Mannitol was the strongest activator of T. castaneum dietary intake. In a Xenopus oocyte expression, TcGr20 was found to be responsible for mannitol and sorbitol responses, but not for responses to other tested non-volatile compounds. The EC50 values of TcGr20 for mannitol and sorbitol were 72.6 mM and 90.6 mM, respectively, suggesting that TcGr20 is a feasible receptor for the recognition of mannitol at lower concentrations. We used RNAi and the TribUTE assay to examine whether TcGr20 expression was involved in mannitol recognition. The amounts of excreta in TcGr20 dsRNA-injected adults decreased significantly, despite the presence of mannitol, compared to control adults. Taken together, our results indicate that T. castaneum adults recognized mannitol/sorbitol using the TcGr20 receptor, thereby facilitating the dietary intake of these compounds. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Dieta Proteínas de Insetos/metabolismo Receptores de Superfície Celular/metabolismo Tribolium/fisiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos Proteínas de Insetos/antagonistas & inibidores Proteínas de Insetos/classificação Proteínas de Insetos/genética Manitol/farmacologia Oócitos/efeitos dos fármacos Oócitos/fisiologia Técnicas de Patch-Clamp Filogenia Interferência de RNA RNA de Cadeia Dupla/metabolismo Receptores de Superfície Celular/antagonistas & inibidores Receptores de Superfície Celular/classificação Receptores de Superfície Celular/genética Sorbitol/farmacologia Tribolium/genética Xenopus/crescimento & desenvolvimento Xenopus/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Insect Proteins); 0 (RNA, Double-Stranded); 0 (Receptors, Cell Surface); 3OWL53L36A (Mannitol); 506T60A25R (Sorbitol) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171105 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171105 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171013 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186420

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[PMID]: 29019899 [Au] Autor: Guo W; Ding J; Jin X; Li G [Ad] Endereço: Department of Anesthesiology, Wannan Medical College, First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, Anhui, China. [Ti] Título: Effect of cerebral oxygen saturation on postoperative nausea and vomiting in female laparoscopic surgery patients. [So] Source: Medicine (Baltimore);96(41):e8275, 2017 Oct. [Is] ISSN: 1536-5964 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of cerebral oxygen saturation (SCTO2) on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in female patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: This study included 90 female patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery (60 cases of gynecological operations and 30 cases of gallbladder operations). All patients were allocated into 3 groups of 30 patients each: group A (gynecological laparoscopic surgery), group B (gynecological laparoscopic surgery with mannitol treatment) and group C (laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery). Perioperative SCTO2, mean blood flow velocity of vertebral artery (VM), vascular resistance index of vertebral artery (RI), and PONV (within 48 hours after surgery) were investigated. RESULTS: No differences in age, body weight, operation time, and hemoglobin levels were observed among the patients (P > .05). The SCTO2 values for groups B and C were lower than those for group A in both brain hemispheres at T4 and T5 (P < .05). The VM was higher in group B than in groups A and C at T3 (P < .05), but differences in VM were not observed between groups B and C at T4 or T5. However, the VM of group A was still lower than the other groups (P < .05), and no difference in VM was observed among the 3 groups at T6 (P > .05). The RI was higher in group C than in groups A and B at T4 (P < .05). The incidence of PONV within 48 hours after surgery was significantly higher in group A than in the other 2 groups (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Strategies that maintain normal SCTO2 may reduce the incidence of PONV in female patients who underwent laparoscopy surgery by reducing perioperative intracranial pressure. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Encéfalo Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/efeitos adversos Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/efeitos adversos Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos Consumo de Oxigênio/fisiologia Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatório Artéria Vertebral/fisiopatologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Velocidade do Fluxo Sanguíneo Encéfalo/irrigação sanguínea Encéfalo/metabolismo Diuréticos Osmóticos/uso terapêutico Feminino Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/métodos Seres Humanos Laparoscopia/métodos Manitol/uso terapêutico Meia-Idade Assistência Perioperatória/métodos Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatório/diagnóstico Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatório/metabolismo Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatório/fisiopatologia Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatório/prevenção & controle Estatística como Assunto Resistência Vascular [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Diuretics, Osmotic); 3OWL53L36A (Mannitol) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171122 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171122 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171012 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000008275

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[PMID]: 28820965 [Au] Autor: Arduino DM; Wettmarshausen J; Vais H; Navas-Navarro P; Cheng Y; Leimpek A; Ma Z; Delrio-Lorenzo A; Giordano A; Garcia-Perez C; Médard G; Kuster B; García-Sancho J; Mokranjac D; Foskett JK; Alonso MT; Perocchi F [Ad] Endereço: Gene Center/Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich 81377, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany. [Ti] Título: Systematic Identification of MCU Modulators by Orthogonal Interspecies Chemical Screening. [So] Source: Mol Cell;67(4):711-723.e7, 2017 Aug 17. [Is] ISSN: 1097-4164 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex is essential for calcium (Ca ) uptake into mitochondria of all mammalian tissues, where it regulates bioenergetics, cell death, and Ca signal transduction. Despite its involvement in several human diseases, we currently lack pharmacological agents for targeting uniporter activity. Here we introduce a high-throughput assay that selects for human MCU-specific small-molecule modulators in primary drug screens. Using isolated yeast mitochondria, reconstituted with human MCU, its essential regulator EMRE, and aequorin, and exploiting a D-lactate- and mannitol/sucrose-based bioenergetic shunt that greatly minimizes false-positive hits, we identify mitoxantrone out of more than 600 clinically approved drugs as a direct selective inhibitor of human MCU. We validate mitoxantrone in orthogonal mammalian cell-based assays, demonstrating that our screening approach is an effective and robust tool for MCU-specific drug discovery and, more generally, for the identification of compounds that target mitochondrial functions. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/farmacologia Canais de Cálcio/efeitos dos fármacos Cálcio/metabolismo Descoberta de Drogas/métodos Ensaios de Triagem em Larga Escala Mitocôndrias/efeitos dos fármacos Mitoxantrona/farmacologia Saccharomyces cerevisiae/efeitos dos fármacos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Equorina/metabolismo Animais Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/química Canais de Cálcio/genética Canais de Cálcio/metabolismo Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga Metabolismo Energético/efeitos dos fármacos Células HEK293 Células HeLa Seres Humanos Cinética Ácido Láctico/metabolismo Manitol/metabolismo Potenciais da Membrana Camundongos Transgênicos Mitocôndrias/metabolismo Mitoxantrona/química Modelos Moleculares Estrutura Molecular Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo Relação Estrutura-Atividade Sacarose/metabolismo Xenopus laevis [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Calcium Channel Blockers); 0 (Calcium Channels); 0 (SMDT1 protein, human); 0 (mitochondrial calcium uniporter); 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid); 3OWL53L36A (Mannitol); 50934-79-7 (Aequorin); 57-50-1 (Sucrose); BZ114NVM5P (Mitoxantrone); SY7Q814VUP (Calcium) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170925 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170925 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170819 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28768941 [Au] Autor: Kawakami M; Kitada R; Kurita T; Tokumura T [Ad] Endereço: Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University. [Ti] Título: A Method for Decreasing the Amount of the Drug Remaining on the Surfaces of the Mortar and Pestle after Grinding Small Amount of Tablets. [So] Source: Yakugaku Zasshi;137(8):1017-1025, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1347-5231 [Cp] País de publicação: Japan [La] Idioma: jpn [Ab] Resumo: The aim of the present study was to develop a method for grinding tablets with a mortar and pestle while reducing drug loss because grinding tablets is known to be associated with reductions in tablet weight and loss of the active drug. Seven kinds of tablets were subjected to grinding. The proportion (%) of the amount of the active drug in the powder remaining on the surfaces of the mortar and pestle relative to the total amount of the drug recovered (the recovery percent) was calculated. The recovery percent of the 7 kinds of tablets ranged from 17.2-35.9%, and the tablets' recovery percent decreased as the tablet weight increased. When the grinding was performed with 1 g of lactose monohydrate or 1 g of D-mannitol moistened with water, the recovery percent of the tablets decreased to 2.6-9.9% and 3.8-9.9%, respectively. The effects of the weight of lactose monohydrate on the recovery percent of Allegra 60 mg tablets were examined. It was found that at least 0.6 g of lactose monohydrate was required to have a sufficient effect on drug recovery. Therefore, additives that have stronger effects at lower amounts were sought. As a result, calcium monohydrogen phosphate was found to have the strongest effect on drug recovery. The addition of 0.4 g calcium monohydrogen phosphate resulted in the recovery percent of 5.1%, which was significantly lower than that of 15.0% observed after the addition of 0.4 g lactose monohydrate, and lower than the 6.8% of 1 g lactose monohydrate. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Fosfatos de Cálcio Composição de Medicamentos/instrumentação Composição de Medicamentos/métodos Excipientes Comprimidos Terfenadina/análogos & derivados [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adsorção Lactose Manitol Pós [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Calcium Phosphates); 0 (Excipients); 0 (Powders); 0 (Tablets); 3OWL53L36A (Mannitol); 7BA5G9Y06Q (Terfenadine); E6582LOH6V (fexofenadine); J2B2A4N98G (Lactose); O7TSZ97GEP (calcium phosphate, dibasic, dihydrate) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171030 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171030 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170804 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.17-00041

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