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[PMID]: 27771564 [Au] Autor: Nadal M; Rovira J; Díaz-Ferrero J; Schuhmacher M; Domingo JL [Ad] Endereço: Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain. [Ti] Título: Human exposure to environmental pollutants after a tire landfill fire in Spain: Health risks. [So] Source: Environ Int;97:37-44, 2016 12. [Is] ISSN: 1873-6750 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: In May 2016, a fire occurred in one of the largest landfills in Europe (Seseña, Toledo, Spain), where 70,000-90,000tons of tires had been illegally accumulated for >15years. Because of the proximity of population nuclei and the duration of the episode (>20days), we conducted a preliminary human health risk assessment study just after the tire fire. Samples of air and soil were collected in 3 areas surrounding the landfill (El Quiñón, at only 500m, and Seseña Nuevo and Seseña Viejo, both at 4km), as well as in background sites. In addition, samples of crops (barley, wheat, cabbage and lettuce) were also obtained from local farmers. The concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and a number of trace elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Tl, and V) were analyzed in all the samples. The concentrations of all the target pollutants, excepting PAHs, were relatively similar at the different sampling zones, irrespective of the distance to the landfill. In turn, a significant increase of PAHs was noted near the tire landfill, with air levels up to 6-times higher than those found at 4km (134 vs. 19.5-22.7ng/m ). Similarly, PAH concentrations in lettuce were relatively higher than those typically found in monitoring programs of food safety. Because of the increase of airborne PAHs, cancer risks due to exposure to environmental pollutants for the population living at El Quiñón, near the landfill, were between 3- and 5-times higher than those estimated for the inhabitants of Seseña. After this preliminary study, further investigations, focused only on PAHs, but more extensive in terms of number of samples, should be conducted to assure that PAHs have been progressively degraded through time. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise Poluentes Ambientais/análise Fogo Resíduos Perigosos/análise Dibenzodioxinas Policloradas/análise Poluentes do Solo/análise Oligoelementos/análise [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Poluentes Atmosféricos/toxicidade Poluentes Ambientais/toxicidade Resíduos Perigosos/efeitos adversos Seres Humanos Veículos Automotores Bifenilos Policlorados/análise Bifenilos Policlorados/toxicidade Dibenzodioxinas Policloradas/toxicidade Hidrocarbonetos Aromáticos Policíclicos/análise Hidrocarbonetos Aromáticos Policíclicos/toxicidade Medição de Risco Poluentes do Solo/toxicidade Espanha Oligoelementos/toxicidade Instalações de Eliminação de Resíduos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Environmental Pollutants); 0 (Hazardous Waste); 0 (Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins); 0 (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons); 0 (Soil Pollutants); 0 (Trace Elements); DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1711 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180311 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180311 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161025 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 29380441 [Au] Autor: Waugh CA; Arukwe A; Jaspers VLB [Ad] Endereço: Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. [Ti] Título: Deregulation of microRNA-155 and its transcription factor NF-kB by polychlorinated biphenyls during viral infections. [So] Source: APMIS;126(3):234-240, 2018 Mar. [Is] ISSN: 1600-0463 [Cp] País de publicação: Denmark [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and similar environmental contaminants, have been linked to virus outbreaks and increased viral induced mortality since the 1970s. Yet the mechanisms behind this increased susceptibility remain elusive. It has recently been illustrated that the innate immune viral detection system is tightly regulated by small non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs). For virus infections miRNA-155 expression is an important host response against infection, and deregulation of this miRNA is closely associated with adverse outcomes. Thus, we designed a targeted in vitro study using primary chicken fibroblasts, first exposed to a mixture of PCBs (Arochlor-1250) before being stimulated with a synthetic RNA virus (poly I:C), to determine if PCBs have the potential to deregulate miRNA-155. In this paper, we provide the first data for the deregulation of miRNA-155 when a host is exposed to a mixture of PCBs before a virus infection. Thus, we provide important evidence that PCBs can be involved in the deregulation of important miRNA pathways involved in the immune system; thereby demonstrating novel insights into the mechanism of PCB toxicity on the immune system. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Imunidade Inata/genética MicroRNAs/genética NF-kappa B/genética Poli I-C/farmacologia Bifenilos Policlorados/química Vírus/imunologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Linhagem Celular Embrião de Galinha Galinhas/genética Galinhas/imunologia Regulação da Expressão Gênica/imunologia Seres Humanos Viroses/genética Viroses/imunologia Viroses/virologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (MIRN155 microRNA, human); 0 (MicroRNAs); 0 (NF-kappa B); DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls); O84C90HH2L (Poly I-C) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180309 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180309 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 180131 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1111/apm.12811

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[PMID]: 29247930 [Au] Autor: Kopko O; Dabrowska H [Ad] Endereço: National Marine Fisheries Research Institute (NMFRI), Gdynia, Poland. [Ti] Título: Variability of biological indices, biomarkers, and organochlorine contaminants in flounder (Platichthys flesus) in the Gulf of Gdansk, southern Baltic Sea. [So] Source: Chemosphere;194:701-713, 2018 Mar. [Is] ISSN: 1879-1298 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Biological indices, biomarkers (EROD activity, DNA SB, 1-OH pyrene), and organochlorine contaminants were investigated in flounder collected in the Gulf of Gdansk during March-December 2011 to describe their seasonal variability and interrelations. Univariate and multivariate statistics were used to evaluate the relations. The EROD activity positively correlated with DNA SB, both negatively correlated with CF, GSI, and HSI, and there was a moderate positive correlation for EROD and DNA SB with 1-OH pyrene. EROD highest activity corresponded to a resting stage of gonad development. DNA SB, highest during spawning, gradually decreased until late autumn. The PCBs, DDTs, HCB, HCHs, dieldrin, and heptachlor levels in muscle tissue were quantified on a wet and lipid basis. In each case, their levels decreased after spawning, fluctuated over the study period indicating that their accumulation was pronouncedly controlled by chemical-specific properties, their levels in prey, and lipid dynamics. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Linguado/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Países Bálticos Biomarcadores/análise Linguado/fisiologia Hidrocarbonetos Clorados/química Músculos/química Bifenilos Policlorados/análise Estações do Ano Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1802 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180228 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180228 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171217 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28745305 [Au] Autor: Anderson KA; Points GL; Donald CE; Dixon HM; Scott RP; Wilson G; Tidwell LG; Hoffman PD; Herbstman JB; O'Connell SG [Ad] Endereço: Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA. [Ti] Título: Preparation and performance features of wristband samplers and considerations for chemical exposure assessment. [So] Source: J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol;27(6):551-559, 2017 Nov. [Is] ISSN: 1559-064X [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Wristbands are increasingly used for assessing personal chemical exposures. Unlike some exposure assessment tools, guidelines for wristbands, such as preparation, applicable chemicals, and transport and storage logistics, are lacking. We tested the wristband's capacity to capture and retain 148 chemicals including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, flame retardants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and volatile organic chemicals (VOCs). The chemicals span a wide range of physical-chemical properties, with log octanol-air partitioning coefficients from 2.1 to 13.7. All chemicals were quantitatively and precisely recovered from initial exposures, averaging 102% recovery with relative SD ≤21%. In simulated transport conditions at +30 °C, SVOCs were stable up to 1 month (average: 104%) and VOC levels were unchanged (average: 99%) for 7 days. During long-term storage at -20 °C up to 3 (VOCs) or 6 months (SVOCs), all chemical levels were stable from chemical degradation or diffusional losses, averaging 110%. Applying a paired wristband/active sampler study with human participants, the first estimates of wristband-air partitioning coefficients for PAHs are presented to aid in environmental air concentration estimates. Extrapolation of these stability results to other chemicals within the same physical-chemical parameters is expected to yield similar results. As we better define wristband characteristics, wristbands can be better integrated in exposure science and epidemiological studies. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise Monitoramento Ambiental/instrumentação Retardadores de Chama/análise Praguicidas/análise Bifenilos Policlorados/análise Hidrocarbonetos Aromáticos Policíclicos/análise Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis/análise [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos Feminino Seres Humanos Masculino Punho [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Flame Retardants); 0 (Pesticides); 0 (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons); 0 (Volatile Organic Compounds); DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1802 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180205 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180205 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170727 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1038/jes.2017.9

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[PMID]: 28986081 [Au] Autor: Garcia-Heras MS; Arroyo B; Simmons RE; Camarero PR; Mateo R; Mougeot F [Ad] Endereço: FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa. Electronic address: ms.garciaheras@gmail.com. [Ti] Título: Blood concentrations of PCBs and DDTs in an avian predator endemic to southern Africa: Associations with habitat, electrical transformers and diet. [So] Source: Environ Pollut;232:440-449, 2018 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1873-6424 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Persistent pollutants such as organochlorine compounds (OCs) have been highlighted as a cause of population decline in avian predators. Understanding patterns of OCs contamination can be crucial for the conservation of affected species, yet little is known on these threats to African raptors. Here we report on OC concentrations in an endangered predator endemic to southern Africa, the Black Harrier Circus maurus. Blood samples were collected in 2012-2014 from wild nestlings (n = 90) and adults (n = 23) in south-western South Africa, where agriculture and urbanization have developed rapidly since the 1950s. Polychlorinated biphenyl (ΣPCB) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ΣDDT, for p,p'-DDT + p,p'-DDE) were detected in 79% and 84% of sampled individuals, respectively, with varying concentrations among demographic groups: nestlings had significantly higher ΣPCB and p,p'-DDT concentrations than adults, while adults had higher levels of p,p'-DDE than nestlings. Levels of ΣPCB significantly increased with an index of electric transformer density, a measure of the number and power of electric transformers around active nests. We propose this index as a useful tool for assessing ΣPCB exposure risk in other wildlife. Levels of p,p'-DDE significantly increased with the proportion of wetlands within the breeding territory, and also with the proportion of bird biomass in the diet. No association was found between OC levels and the protected area status of nesting sites. Physiological effects of contaminants were also manifest in increased white blood cell counts with higher p,p'-DDT levels. Heterophil to lymphocyte ratio increased with higher ΣPCB levels, suggesting increased physiological stress and reduced immunity in contaminated individuals. Our results suggest that OCs are still a current cause of concern for endangered Black Harriers, as well as other sympatric predators. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: DDT/sangue Exposição Dietética/análise Resíduo Eletrônico Monitoramento Ambiental Poluentes Ambientais/sangue Falconiformes/sangue Bifenilos Policlorados/sangue [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto África Austral Animais Aves Diclorodifenil Dicloroetileno/sangue Dieta/estatística & dados numéricos Exposição Dietética/estatística & dados numéricos Ecossistema Seres Humanos Hidrocarbonetos Clorados/sangue África do Sul [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Environmental Pollutants); 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated); 4M7FS82U08 (Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene); CIW5S16655 (DDT); DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180123 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180123 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171008 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28951041 [Au] Autor: Chen Y; Lin K; Chen D; Wang K; Zhou W; Wu Y; Huang X [Ad] Endereço: State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China. [Ti] Título: Formation of environmentally relevant polyhalogenated carbazoles from chloroperoxidase-catalyzed halogenation of carbazole. [So] Source: Environ Pollut;232:264-273, 2018 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1873-6424 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCs) are a class of emerging organic contaminants that have received increasing concern due to their widespread distribution and dioxin-like toxicity. Although previous studies have suggested possible natural sources of PHCs in the environment, the formation pathways are poorly understood. Here we explored the production of PHCs from halogenation of carbazole in the presence of Br and/or Cl under the catalysis of chloroperoxidase (CPO) isolated from the marine fungus Caldariomyces fumago. Overall, a total of 25 congeners including mono-to tetra-substituted chlorinated, brominated, and mixed halogenated carbazoles (with substitution patterns of -BrCl, -BrCl , -BrCl , -Br Cl, -Br Cl , and -Br Cl) were produced from the reactions under various conditions. The PHC product profiles were apparently dependent on the halide concentrations. In the CPO-mediated chlorination of carbazole, 3-mono- and 3,6-dichlorocarbazoles predominated in the formation products. In addition to the less abundant mixed halogenated carbazoles (-Br Cl), 1,3,6-tri- and 1,3,6,8-tetrabromocarbazoles were the dominant products in reactions containing both Br and Cl . The CPO-catalyzed halogenation of carbazole could take place in pH 3-7, but the formation products were pH dependent. Results of this study suggest that CPO-catalyzed halogenation of carbazole may play an important role in the natural formation of PHCs. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Carbazóis/química Cloreto Peroxidase/química Modelos Químicos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Carbazóis/toxicidade Catálise Dioxinas Meio Ambiente Halogenação Bifenilos Policlorados Dibenzodioxinas Policloradas [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Carbazoles); 0 (Dioxins); 0 (Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins); 0P2197HHHN (carbazole); DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls); EC 1.11.1.10 (Chloride Peroxidase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180119 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180119 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170928 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 29175438 [Au] Autor: Ahmed RG; El-Gareib AW; Shaker HM [Ad] Endereço: Division of Anatomy and Embryology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt. Electronic address: r_g_a_ahmed@science.bsu.edu.eg. [Ti] Título: Gestational 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126) exposure disrupts fetoplacental unit: Fetal thyroid-cytokines dysfunction. [So] Source: Life Sci;192:213-220, 2018 Jan 01. [Is] ISSN: 1879-0631 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is related to several endocrine disorders. This study examined the effect of maternal exposure of 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126) on the fetoplacental unit and fetal thyroid-cytokine axis during the pregnancy. Pregnant albino rats received PCB 126 (20 or 40µg/kgb.wt.) by oral gavage from gestation day (GD) 1 to 20. Potential effects of PCB 126 were evaluated by following the histopathological changes in the placenta by Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain and measuring the maternofetal thyroid axis (ELIZA), maternofetal body weight, and fetal growth markers (ELIZA), and cytokines (ELIZA) at embryonic day (ED) 20. Placental tissues of both treated groups showed hyperemia, hemorrhage, degeneration and apoptosis in labyrinth layer and spiral artery at GD 20. Both administrations of PCB 126 elevated serum thyrotropin (TSH) concentration, and decreased free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) concentrations, resulting in a maternofetal hypothyroidism. The presence of hypothyroidism increased fetal serum concentration of transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß), leptin (LEP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), and decreased the fetal serum insulin growth factor-I (IGF-I), IGF-II, insulin, adiponectin (ADP), and growth hormone (GH) in both treated groups at ED 20. However, the increase in resistin (RETN) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) was non-significant in low-dose group and highly significant in high-dose group. Simultaneously, the reduction in body weight of the dams and fetuses was observed in both PCB 126 groups of examined day with respect to the control group. The maternal PCB 126 distorted the fetoplacental unit might disrupt the fetal thyroid-cytokines axis and prenatal development. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Citocinas/metabolismo Poluentes Ambientais/toxicidade Feto/efeitos dos fármacos Placenta/efeitos dos fármacos Bifenilos Policlorados/toxicidade Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/induzido quimicamente [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adiponectina/biossíntese Animais Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos Feminino Peso Fetal/efeitos dos fármacos Feto/metabolismo Hormônio do Crescimento/biossíntese Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/biossíntese Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like II/biossíntese Placenta/metabolismo Placenta/patologia Gravidez Ratos Ratos Wistar Tireotropina/sangue Tiroxina/sangue Tri-Iodotironina/sangue [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Adiponectin); 0 (Cytokines); 0 (Environmental Pollutants); 0 (insulin-like growth factor II, rat); 0 (insulin-like growth factor-1, rat); 06LU7C9H1V (Triiodothyronine); 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I); 67763-97-7 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor II); 9002-71-5 (Thyrotropin); 9002-72-6 (Growth Hormone); DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls); Q51BO43MG4 (Thyroxine); TSH69IA9XF (3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180108 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180108 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171128 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27775677 [Au] Autor: Rahbar MH; Samms-Vaughan M; Hessabi M; Dickerson AS; Lee M; Bressler J; Tomechko SE; Moreno EK; Loveland KA; Desai CC; Shakespeare-Pellington S; Reece JA; Morgan R; Geiger MJ; O'Keefe ME; Grove ML; Boerwinkle E [Ad] Endereço: Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences (EHGES), University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Mohammad.H.Rahbar@uth.tmc.edu. [Ti] Título: Concentrations of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Organochlorine Pesticides in Umbilical Cord Blood Serum of Newborns in Kingston, Jamaica. [So] Source: Int J Environ Res Public Health;13(10), 2016 10 21. [Is] ISSN: 1660-4601 [Cp] País de publicação: Switzerland [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: To date much of the biomonitoring related to exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides is from middle to high income countries, including the U.S., Canada and Europe, but such data are lacking for the majority of low to middle income countries. Using data from 64 pregnant mothers who were enrolled in 2011, we aimed to assess the concentrations of the aforementioned toxins in umbilical cord blood serum of 67 Jamaican newborns. For 97 of the 100 PCB congeners and 16 of the 17 OC pesticides, all (100%) concentrations were below their respective limits of detection (LOD). Mean (standard deviation (SD)) lipid-adjusted concentrations in cord blood serum for congeners PCB-153, PCB-180, PCB-206 and total PCB were 14.25 (3.21), 7.16 (1.71), 7.30 (1.74) and 28.15 (6.03) ng/g-lipid, respectively. The means (SD) for the 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE)-hexane fraction and total-DDE were 61.61 (70.78) and 61.60 (70.76) ng/g-lipid, respectively. Compared to the U.S. and Canada, the concentrations of these toxins were lower in cord-blood serum of Jamaican newborns. We discuss that these differences could be partly due to differences in dietary patterns in these countries. Despite limitations in our dataset, our results provide information on the investigated toxins in cord blood serum that could serve as a reference for Jamaican newborns. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Monitoramento Ambiental Poluentes Ambientais/sangue Sangue Fetal/química Praguicidas/sangue Bifenilos Policlorados/sangue [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Feminino Seres Humanos Recém-Nascido Jamaica Limite de Detecção Masculino Gravidez [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; RESEARCH SUPPORT, N.I.H., EXTRAMURAL [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Environmental Pollutants); 0 (Pesticides); DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls); ZRU0C9E32O (2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1708 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171218 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171218 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161025 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27776233 [Au] Autor: Martínez-Guijarro K; Ramadan A; Gevao B [Ad] Endereço: Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait. Electronic address: kmartinez@kisr.edu.kw. [Ti] Título: Atmospheric concentration of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) at Umm-Al-Aish oil field-Kuwait. [So] Source: Chemosphere;168:147-154, 2017 Feb. [Is] ISSN: 1879-1298 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: A sampling campaign was carried out to assess the impact of the oil field activities on the concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in ambient air at Umm Al-Aish oil field in northern Kuwait. Sixteen samples were collected from March 2014 to January 2015. The concentrations of ΣPCDD/Fs were relatively high (33.6-586 fg I-TEQ/m ; median: 94.7 fg I-TEQ/m ; 31.2 to 516 fg WHO-TEQ /m ; median: 83.7 fg WHO-TEQ /m ) compared to those of dl-PCBs (3.9-36.8 WHO-TEQ /m ; median 9.9 WHO-TEQ /m ). A unique PCDD/F profile that was not previously reported was found. Further investigations should be conducted to establish whether the dioxin profile found in this study is specific for the desulfurization facility located in the study area or from oil flaring in the oil fields located upstream of the study area. The findings suggest that the oil field activities have a significant impact on the PCDD/F concentration in ambient air but a low or negligible influence on dl-PCBs' levels. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise Dibenzofuranos Policlorados/análise Campos de Petróleo e Gás Bifenilos Policlorados/análise Dibenzodioxinas Policloradas/análise [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Kuweit [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated); 0 (Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins); DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1703 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171212 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171212 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161025 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28981534 [Au] Autor: Glüge J; Steinlin C; Schalles S; Wegmann L; Tremp J; Breivik K; Hungerbühler K; Bogdal C [Ad] Endereço: Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Ti] Título: Import, use, and emissions of PCBs in Switzerland from 1930 to 2100. [So] Source: PLoS One;12(10):e0183768, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic compounds that are ubiquitously found in the environment. Their use and manufacture were restricted or banned in many countries in the 1970-1980s, however, they still persist in the antroposphere, the environment and in biota worldwide today. Conventions like the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution encourage or bind the member parties to annually submit emission inventories of regulated air pollutants. Unfortunately, several member states have not yet reported PCB emissions. The identification and quantification of stocks and emissions sources is, however, an important precondition to handle and remove the remaining reservoirs of PCBs and, thus, to be able to reduce emissions and subsequently environmental exposure. Here, we estimate past, present, and future emissions of PCBs to air in Switzerland and provide emission factors for all relevant emission categories. Switzerland hereby represents a typical developed industrial country, and most of the assumptions and parameters presented here can be used to calculate PCB emission also for other countries. PCB emissions to air are calculated using a dynamic mass flow and emissions model for Switzerland, which is run for the years 1930-2100. The results point out the importance of the use of PCBs in open applications, which have largely been previously overlooked. Additionally, we show that PCBs will persist in applications during the coming decades with ongoing emissions. Especially the use of PCBs in open applications will cause Swiss emissions to remain above 100 kg PCB per year, even after the year 2030. Our developed model is available in Excel/VBA and can be downloaded with this article. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise Poluição do Ar/análise Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos Bifenilos Policlorados/análise [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Modelos Teóricos Suíça [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Air Pollutants); DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171022 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171022 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171006 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183768

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