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[PMID]: 27681257 [Au] Autor: Rashidi Nodeh H; Wan Ibrahim WA; Kamboh MA; Sanagi MM [Ad] Endereço: Separation Science and Technology Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. [Ti] Título: New magnetic graphene-based inorganic-organic sol-gel hybrid nanocomposite for simultaneous analysis of polar and non-polar organophosphorus pesticides from water samples using solid-phase extraction. [So] Source: Chemosphere;166:21-30, 2017 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1879-1298 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: A new graphene-based tetraethoxysilane-methyltrimethoxysilane sol-gel hybrid magnetic nanocomposite (Fe O @G-TEOS-MTMOS) was synthesised, characterized and successfully applied in magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) for simultaneous analysis of polar and non-polar organophosphorus pesticides from several water samples. The Fe O @G-TEOS-MTMOS nanocomposite was characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Separation, determination and quantification were achieved using gas chromatography coupled with micro electron capture detector. Adsorption capacity of the sorbent was calculated using Langmuir equation. MSPE was linear in the range 100-1000 pg mL for phosphamidon and dimethoate, and 10-100 pg mL for chlorpyrifos and diazinon, with limit of detection (S/N = 3) of 19.8, 23.7, 1.4 and 2.9 pg mL for phosphamidon, dimethoate, diazinon and chlorpyrifos, respectively. The LODs obtained is well below the maximum residual level (100 pg mL ) as set by European Union for pesticides in drinking water. Acceptable precision (%RSD) was achieved for intra-day (1.3-8.7%, n = 3) and inter-day (7.6-17.8%, n = 15) analyses. Fe O @G-TEOS-MTMOS showed high adsorption capacity (54.4-76.3 mg g ) for the selected OPPs. No pesticide residues were detected in the water samples analysed. Excellent extraction recoveries (83-105%) were obtained for the spiked OPPs from tap, river, lake and sea water samples. The newly synthesised Fe O @G-TEOS-MTMOS showed high potential as adsorbent for OPPs analysis. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Grafite/química Magnetismo Nanocompostos/química Resíduos de Praguicidas/análise Praguicidas/análise Extração em Fase Sólida/métodos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adsorção Calibragem Clorpirifos/análise Cromatografia Gasosa Diazinon/análise Dimetoato/análise Compostos Férricos/química Lagos/análise Limite de Detecção Compostos Orgânicos/química Óxidos/química Transição de Fase Fosfamidona/análise Fósforo/química Rios Silanos Solventes/química Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier Difração de Raios X [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Ferric Compounds); 0 (Organic Chemicals); 0 (Oxides); 0 (Pesticide Residues); 0 (Pesticides); 0 (Silanes); 0 (Solvents); 0HI0D71MCI (methyltrimethoxysilane); 13171-21-6 (Phosphamidon); 1K09F3G675 (ferric oxide); 27YLU75U4W (Phosphorus); 42064KRE49 (tetraethoxysilane); 7782-42-5 (Graphite); JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos); W6U08B045O (Dimethoate); YUS1M1Q929 (Diazinon) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1703 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170912 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170912 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160930 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 26548077 [Au] Autor: Mukherjee S; Mukherjee N; Saini P; Roy P; Babu SP [Ti] Título: Ginger extract ameliorates phosphamidon induced hepatotoxicity. [So] Source: Indian J Exp Biol;53(9):574-84, 2015 Sep. [Is] ISSN: 0019-5189 [Cp] País de publicação: India [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Organophosphorus (OP) compounds commonly used as pesticides in agriculture cause serious health problems to living beings. The present study enumerates the ameliorating effect of ginger extract (GE) against phosphamidon (PHO, an organophosphorus insecticide) induced hepatotoxicity. GE was prepared from dried ginger and characterized for compound profile and antioxidant activity. Eight groups of albino rats (n = 6) were treated with 1/5th lethal dose of PHO for 5-20 days. Out of the treated 8 groups, 4 were simultaneously fed with GE (1 mg/kg body wt.) along with PHO. Alterations in the levels of hepatocellular oxidative stress (OS) markers in the treated groups indicated an enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress (OS). Upregulation of apoptotic markers, DNA fragmentation and appearance of apoptotic nuclei suggested induction of apoptosis in the liver cell that was found to be attenuated after GE treatment. Moreover, no toxicity and mortality was observed up to 100 mg/kg dose of GE for 30 days in the rat model studied. Thus, GE can be considered as an effective, economical and safe extract to circumvent PHO-induced hepatotoxicity. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/prevenção & controle Gengibre Inseticidas/toxicidade Intoxicação por Organofosfatos/tratamento farmacológico Fosfamidona/toxicidade Fitoterapia Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/etiologia Fragmentação do DNA/efeitos dos fármacos Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos Etanol Hepatócitos/efeitos dos fármacos Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos Testes de Função Hepática Masculino Testes de Mutagenicidade Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia Raízes de Plantas/química Polifenóis/isolamento & purificação Polifenóis/farmacologia Polifenóis/uso terapêutico Distribuição Aleatória Ratos Ratos Wistar Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/análise Solventes Ultrafiltração [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Insecticides); 0 (Plant Extracts); 0 (Polyphenols); 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species); 0 (Solvents); 13171-21-6 (Phosphamidon); 3K9958V90M (Ethanol) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1512 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 161126 [Lr] Data última revisão: 161126 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 151110 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 24665773 [Au] Autor: Hazarika R [Ti] Título: Neurotoxic impact of organophosphate pesticide phosphomedon on the albino rat. [So] Source: J Environ Biol;35(2):427-30, 2014 Mar. [Is] ISSN: 0254-8704 [Cp] País de publicação: India [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Organophosphate pesticide phosphomedon was exposed to albino rat at a concentration of 35 ppm in the time interval of 30, 45 and 60 days. During the exposure period neurobehavioral symptoms such as reduce food intake, weight loss, increase water intake, low defecation frequency, increase locomotion frequency at high dose were observed. Locomotion frequency were less initially but higher in increasing dose concentration. The result was also different in both the sexes. A decrease social interaction and increase force swimming with increasing dose concentration, which was not significant as comparison to control. A significant histopathological changes observed in three dose concentrations. In 30 days phosphomedon exposure the nuclear shape changes to oval, pear shaped along with fibrosis, lipidosis, 45 days exposure showed the increase number of nucleus, Chromatolysis, inflammatory nucleus, pyknosis. In 60 days test group histopathological picture showed the swelling of cell body, lipidosis, demylination, necrosis in brain cells. Over all result indicated that due to impact of O. P pesticide phosphomedon a severe histopathological changes occurs which was distinctly observed in neurobehavioural changes. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos Inseticidas/toxicidade Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos Fosfamidona/toxicidade [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Encéfalo/citologia Defecação/efeitos dos fármacos Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga Feminino Locomoção Masculino Fosfamidona/administração & dosagem Ratos Comportamento Social Natação [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Insecticides); 13171-21-6 (Phosphamidon) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1404 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170203 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170203 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 140327 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 23128021 [Au] Autor: Suke SG; Shukla A; Mundhada D; Banerjee BD; Mediratta PK [Ad] Endereço: Department of Biotechnology, Priyadarshini Institute of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur 440 019, India. sgsuke@hotmail.com [Ti] Título: Effect of phosphamidon on cognition and oxidative stress and its modulation by ascorbic acid and 4'-chlorodiazepam in rats. [So] Source: Pharmacol Biochem Behav;103(3):637-42, 2013 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1873-5177 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Neurosteroids and micronutrient are known to possess neuromodulator and neuroprotective activities. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of 4'-chlorodiazepam (4CD) or ascorbic acid (Vit C) on phosphamidon (PM) induced modulation of cognitive function and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. Cognitive function was measured by using step-down latency (SDL) on a continuous avoidance apparatus and transfer latency (TL) on an elevated plus maze. Oxidative stress was estimated by measuring brain malondialdehyde (MDA) level, protein carbonyl (PC) and reduced glutathione (GSH) activity. A significant reduction in both acquisition and retention in SDL was found for the PM treated group at weeks 6 and 8 as compared to the control (p<0.001). PM caused a significant prolongation in both acquisition and retention in TL at 6 and 8 weeks as compared to the control (p<0.001). Two-week treatment of 4CD or Vit C antagonized the effect of PM on SDL and TL at 8th week. PM produced a statistically significant increase in the brain MDA and PC levels (p<0.001) and a significant decrease in the brain GSH activity (p<0.001). Treatment with 4CD or Vit C attenuated the effect of PM on MDA, PC and GSH activities. Results of this study suggest that Vit C and 4CD have potential in reversing cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress induced by toxicants like PM in the brain. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia Benzodiazepinonas/farmacologia Cognição/efeitos dos fármacos Inseticidas/farmacologia Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos Fosfamidona/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Antioxidantes/farmacologia Aprendizagem da Esquiva/efeitos dos fármacos Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos Encéfalo/metabolismo Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo Interações Medicamentosas Inseticidas/antagonistas & inibidores Masculino Aprendizagem em Labirinto/efeitos dos fármacos Fosfamidona/antagonistas & inibidores Ratos Ratos Wistar Receptores de GABA-A/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Antioxidants); 0 (Benzodiazepinones); 0 (Carrier Proteins); 0 (Insecticides); 0 (Receptors, GABA-A); 13171-21-6 (Phosphamidon); 141440-82-6 (Tspo protein, rat); 2QW0IK1742 (4'-chlorodiazepam); PQ6CK8PD0R (Ascorbic Acid) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1307 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 161125 [Lr] Data última revisão: 161125 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 121107 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 22325038 [Au] Autor: Kosta P; Mehta AK; Sharma AK; Khanna N; Mediratta PK; Mundhada DR; Suke S [Ad] Endereço: Department of Pharmacology, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India. [Ti] Título: Effect of piracetam and vitamin E on phosphamidon-induced impairment of memory and oxidative stress in rats. [So] Source: Drug Chem Toxicol;36(1):48-54, 2013 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1525-6014 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Organophosphate pesticides, such as phosphamidon (PHOS), have been shown to adversely affect memory and induce oxidative stress after both acute and chronic exposure. The present study was therefore designed to investigate the effects of piracetam (PIR) and vitamin E on PHOS-induced modulation of cognitive function and oxidative stress in rats. Cognitive function was assessed using step-down latency (SDL) on a passive avoidance apparatus and transfer latency (TL) on an elevated plus maze. Oxidative stress was assessed by examining the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nonprotein thiols (NP-SH) in isolated homogenized whole brain samples. The results showed a significant reduction in SDL and a prolongation of TL in the PHOS (1.74 mg/kg/day per oral; p.o.)-treated group at weeks 6 and 8, as compared to the control group. Administration of PIR (600 mg/kg/day p.o.) or vitamin E (125 mg/kg/day p.o.) for 2 weeks antagonized the effect of PHOS on SDL as well as TL. PHOS per se produced a significant increase in brain MDA levels and a decrease in brain NP-SH levels, whereas administration of PIR (600 mg/kg/day p.o.) or vitamin E (125 mg/kg/day p.o.) attenuated these effects. Thus, the results of the study showed that both PIR and vitamin E attenuated the cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress induced by PHOS in the rat brain. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Transtornos da Memória/prevenção & controle Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos Fosfamidona/toxicidade Piracetam/farmacologia Vitamina E/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Aprendizagem da Esquiva/efeitos dos fármacos Cognição/efeitos dos fármacos Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos Masculino Transtornos da Memória/induzido quimicamente Ratos Ratos Wistar Compostos de Sulfidrila/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Neuroprotective Agents); 0 (Sulfhydryl Compounds); 13171-21-6 (Phosphamidon); 1406-18-4 (Vitamin E); ZH516LNZ10 (Piracetam) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1305 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 131121 [Lr] Data última revisão: 131121 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 120214 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2011.649093

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[PMID]: 21790778 [Au] Autor: Sharma AK; Mehta AK; Rathor N; Chalawadi Hanumantappa MK; Khanna N; Bhattacharya SK [Ad] Endereço: Department of Pharmacology, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110095, India. [Ti] Título: Melatonin attenuates cognitive dysfunction and reduces neural oxidative stress induced by phosphamidon. [So] Source: Fundam Clin Pharmacol;27(2):146-51, 2013 Apr. [Is] ISSN: 1472-8206 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Melatonin is an important modulator of nervous system functioning and important neural antioxidant. Organophosphate pesticides like phosphamidon (PHOS) have been shown to adversely affect memory and induce oxidative stress on both acute and chronic exposure. This study was designed to explore the modulation of the effects of PHOS on cognitive function by melatonin (MEL). Cognitive function was assessed using step-down latency (SDL) on a passive avoidance apparatus and transfer latency (TL) on an elevated plus maze. Oxidative stress was assessed by examining the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nonprotein thiols (NP-SH) in isolated homogenized whole brain samples. The results showed a significant reduction in SDL and prolongation of TL in the PHOS (1.74 mg/kg/day; p.o.)-treated group at weeks 6 and 8 as compared to the control group. Two-week treatment with MEL (5 mg/kg/day; i.p.) antagonized the effect of PHOS on SDL as well as TL. PHOS alone produced a significant increase in the brain MDA levels and decrease in the brain NP-SH levels. Treatment with MEL attenuated the effect of PHOS on oxidative stress. Together the results showed that MEL attenuated the cognitive dysfunction and decreased oxidative stress induced by PHOS in the brain. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Transtornos Cognitivos/tratamento farmacológico Cognição/efeitos dos fármacos Melatonina/farmacologia Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos Fosfamidona/toxicidade [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos Encéfalo/metabolismo Transtornos Cognitivos/induzido quimicamente Transtornos Cognitivos/metabolismo Interações Medicamentosas Masculino Malondialdeído/metabolismo Distribuição Aleatória Ratos Ratos Wistar Compostos de Sulfidrila/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Sulfhydryl Compounds); 13171-21-6 (Phosphamidon); 4Y8F71G49Q (Malondialdehyde); JL5DK93RCL (Melatonin) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1312 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 130227 [Lr] Data última revisão: 130227 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 110728 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2011.00977.x

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[PMID]: 22173274 [Au] Autor: Subramani T; Chandrashekharaiah KS; Swamy NR; Murthy KR [Ad] Endereço: Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Ti] Título: Purification and characterization of carboxylesterase from the seeds of Jatropha curcas. [So] Source: Protein J;31(2):120-8, 2012 Feb. [Is] ISSN: 1875-8355 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Carboxylesterases are hydrolases which catalyze the hydrolysis of various types of esters. Carboxylesterase from the seeds of Jatropha curcas has been purified to homogeneity using ammonium sulfate fractionation, CM-cellulose chromatography, Sephadex G-100 chromatography and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The homogeneity of the purified enzyme was confirmed by PAGE, iso-electrofocusing and SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was determined by both gel-permeation chromatography on Sephadex G-150 and SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight determined by Sephadex G-150 chromatography and SDS-PAGE both in the presence and absence of 2-mercaptoethanol was 31 kDa. The isoelectric point of the purified enzyme was found to be 8.9. JCSE-I (J. curcas seed esterase-I) was classified as carboxylesterase on the basis of substrate and inhibitor specificity. The K(m) of JCSE-I with 1-naphthyl acetate, 1-naphthyl propionate, 1-naphthyl butyrate and 2-naphthyl acetate as substrates were found to be 0.0,794, 0.0,658, 0.0,567 and 0.1 mM, respectively. The enzyme exhibited an optimum temperature of 45 °C and an optimum pH of 6.5. The enzyme was stable up to 15 min at 65 °C. The enzyme was resistant towards carbamates (carbaryl and eserine sulfate) and sulphydryl inhibitors (p-chloromercuricbenzoate, PCMB) and inhibited by organophosphates (dichlorvos, parathion and phosphamidon). [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Carboxilesterase/química Carboxilesterase/metabolismo Jatropha/enzimologia Proteínas de Plantas/química Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo Sementes/enzimologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Carboxilesterase/antagonistas & inibidores Carboxilesterase/isolamento & purificação Inibidores da Colinesterase/farmacologia Corantes/química Corantes/metabolismo Diclorvós/farmacologia Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia Estabilidade Enzimática Ácidos Graxos Voláteis/química Ácidos Graxos Voláteis/metabolismo Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio Inseticidas/farmacologia Ponto Isoelétrico Cinética Peso Molecular Naftóis/química Naftóis/metabolismo Paration/farmacologia Fosfamidona/farmacologia Proteínas de Plantas/antagonistas & inibidores Proteínas de Plantas/isolamento & purificação Especificidade por Substrato Temperatura Ambiente [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Cholinesterase Inhibitors); 0 (Coloring Agents); 0 (Enzyme Inhibitors); 0 (Fatty Acids, Volatile); 0 (Insecticides); 0 (Naphthols); 0 (Plant Proteins); 13171-21-6 (Phosphamidon); 61G466064D (Parathion); 7U370BPS14 (Dichlorvos); EC 3.1.1.1 (Carboxylesterase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1205 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171027 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171027 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 111217 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1007/s10930-011-9380-7

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[PMID]: 21679767 [Au] Autor: Moser VC [Ad] Endereço: Neurotoxicology Branch, Toxicity Assessment Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development,US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. Moser.ginger@epa.gov [Ti] Título: Age-related differences in acute neurotoxicity produced by mevinphos, monocrotophos, dicrotophos, and phosphamidon. [So] Source: Neurotoxicol Teratol;33(4):451-7, 2011 Jul-Aug. [Is] ISSN: 1872-9738 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Age-related differences in the acute neurotoxicity of cholinesterase (ChE)-inhibiting pesticides have been well-studied for a few organophosphates, but not for many others. In this study, we directly compared dose-responses using brain and red blood cell (RBC) ChE measurements, along with motor activity, for mevinphos, monocrotophos, dicrotophos, and phosphamidon. Long-Evans hooded male rats were tested as adults and at postnatal day (PND) 17; PND11 pups were also tested with dicrotophos only. All chemicals were administered via oral gavage and tests were conducted at times intended to span peak behavioral and ChE effects. All OPs tested produced a rapid onset and recovery from the behavioral effects. There were age-related differences in the inhibition of brain, but not necessarily RBC, ChE. Mevinphos was clearly more toxic, up to 4-fold, to the young rat. On the other hand, monocrotophos, dicrotophos, and phosphamidon were somewhat more toxic to the young rat, but the magnitude of the differences was < 2-fold lower. Motor activity was consistently decreased in adults for all chemicals tested; however, there was more variability with the pups and clear age-related differences were only observed for mevinphos. These data show that three of these four OPs were only moderately more toxic in young rats, and further support findings that age-related differences in pesticide toxicity are chemical-specific. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Envelhecimento Inibidores da Colinesterase/toxicidade Síndromes Neurotóxicas/etiologia Praguicidas/toxicidade [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Envelhecimento/metabolismo Envelhecimento/psicologia Animais Animais Recém-Nascidos Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos Encéfalo/enzimologia Colinesterases/metabolismo Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga Eritrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos Eritrócitos/enzimologia Masculino Mevinfós/toxicidade Monocrotofós/toxicidade Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos Síndromes Neurotóxicas/fisiopatologia Compostos Organofosforados/toxicidade Fosfamidona/toxicidade Ratos Ratos Long-Evans [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, NON-P.H.S. [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Cholinesterase Inhibitors); 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds); 0 (Pesticides); 13171-21-6 (Phosphamidon); 6923-22-4 (Monocrotophos); 7786-34-7 (Mevinphos); B541I65WBL (dicrotophos); EC 3.1.1.8 (Cholinesterases) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1112 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 151119 [Lr] Data última revisão: 151119 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 110618 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2011.05.012

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[PMID]: 21257640 [Au] Autor: Sharma AK; Bhattacharya SK; Khanna N; Tripathi AK; Arora T; Mehta AK; Mehta KD; Joshi V [Ad] Endereço: Department of Pharmacology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi), Delhi, India. [Ti] Título: Effect of progesterone on phosphamidon-induced impairment of memory and oxidative stress in rats. [So] Source: Hum Exp Toxicol;30(10):1626-34, 2011 Oct. [Is] ISSN: 1477-0903 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Progesterone (a neurosteroid) is an important modulator of the nervous system functioning. Organophosphorus pesticides like phosphamidon have been shown to adversely affect memory and induce oxidative stress on both acute and chronic exposure. The present study was therefore designed to investigate the effects of progesterone (PROG) on phosphamidon-induced modulation of cognitive function and oxidative stress in rats. Cognitive function was assessed using step-down latency (SDL) on a passive avoidance apparatus and transfer latency (TL) on an elevated plus maze. Oxidative stress was assessed by examining the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and non-protein thiols (NP-SH) in isolated homogenized whole brain samples. The results showed a significant reduction in SDL and prolongation of TL in the phosphamidon (1.74 mg/kg/d; p.o.) treated group at weeks 6 and 8 as compared to the control group. Two weeks treatment with PROG (15 mg/kg/d; i.p.) antagonized the effect of phosphamidon on SDL as well as TL. Phosphamidon alone produced a significant increase in the brain TBARS levels and decrease in the brain NP-SH levels. Treatment with PROG (15 mg/kg/d; i.p.) attenuated the effect of phosphamidon on oxidative stress. Together, the results showed that progesterone attenuated the cognitive dysfunction and increased oxidative stress induced by phosphamidon in the brain. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Inseticidas/toxicidade Memória/efeitos dos fármacos Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos Fosfamidona/toxicidade Progesterona/farmacologia Progestinas/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Aprendizagem da Esquiva Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos Encéfalo/metabolismo Transtornos Cognitivos/induzido quimicamente Transtornos Cognitivos/tratamento farmacológico Transtornos Cognitivos/metabolismo Masculino Aprendizagem em Labirinto Ratos Ratos Wistar Compostos de Sulfidrila/metabolismo Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Insecticides); 0 (Progestins); 0 (Sulfhydryl Compounds); 0 (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances); 13171-21-6 (Phosphamidon); 4G7DS2Q64Y (Progesterone) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1201 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 131121 [Lr] Data última revisão: 131121 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 110125 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1177/0960327110396522

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MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 21049288 [Au] Autor: Ahmed T; Pathak R; Mustafa MD; Kar R; Tripathi AK; Ahmed RS; Banerjee BD [Ad] Endereço: Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110 095, India. [Ti] Título: Ameliorating effect of N-acetylcysteine and curcumin on pesticide-induced oxidative DNA damage in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. [So] Source: Environ Monit Assess;179(1-4):293-9, 2011 Aug. [Is] ISSN: 1573-2959 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Endosulfan, malathion, and phosphamidon are widely used pesticides. Subchronic exposure to these contaminants commonly affects the central nervous system, immune, gastrointestinal, renal, and reproductive system. There effects have been attributed to increased oxidative stress. This study was conducted to examine the role of oxidative stress in genotoxicity following pesticide exposure using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro. Further possible attenuation of genotoxicity was studied using N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and curcumin as known modulators of oxidative stress. Cultured mononuclear cells was isolated from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers, and exposed to varying concentrations of different pesticides: endosulfan, malathion, and phosphamidon for 6, 12, and 24 h. Lipid peroxidation was assessed by cellular malondialdehyde (MDA) level and DNA damage was quantified by measuring 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) using ELISA. Both MDA and 8-OH-dG were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner following treatment with these pesticides. There was a significant decrease in MDA and 8-OH-dG levels in PBMC when co-treated with NAC or/and curcumin as compared to pesticide alone. These results indicate that pesticide-induced oxidative stress is probably responsible for the DNA damage, and NAC or curcumin attenuate this effect by counteracting the oxidative stress. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Acetilcisteína/farmacologia Antioxidantes/farmacologia Curcumina/farmacologia Poluentes Ambientais/toxicidade Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos Praguicidas/toxicidade [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Dano ao DNA Desoxiguanosina/análogos & derivados Desoxiguanosina/metabolismo Endossulfano/toxicidade Seres Humanos Leucócitos Mononucleares Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos Malation/toxicidade Malondialdeído/metabolismo Fosfamidona/toxicidade [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Antioxidants); 0 (Environmental Pollutants); 0 (Pesticides); 13171-21-6 (Phosphamidon); 4Y8F71G49Q (Malondialdehyde); 88847-89-6 (8-oxo-7-hydrodeoxyguanosine); G9481N71RO (Deoxyguanosine); IT942ZTH98 (Curcumin); OKA6A6ZD4K (Endosulfan); U5N7SU872W (Malathion); WYQ7N0BPYC (Acetylcysteine) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1110 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171019 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171019 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 101105 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1007/s10661-010-1736-5

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