Base de dados : MEDLINE Pesquisa : D08.811.913.225.443 [Categoria DeCS] Referências encontradas : 238 [refinar] Mostrando: 1 .. 10   no formato [Detalhado]

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[PMID]: 28159756 [Au] Autor: Tan BC; Guan JC; Ding S; Wu S; Saunders JW; Koch KE; McCarty DR [Ad] Endereço: Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China. [Ti] Título: Structure and Origin of the Locus and Its Role in Evolution of Grain Color in Maize. [So] Source: Genetics;206(1):135-150, 2017 May. [Is] ISSN: 1943-2631 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Selection for yellow- and white-grain types has been central to postdomestication improvement of maize. While genetic control of carotenoid biosynthesis in endosperm is attributed primarily to the ( ) phytoene synthase gene, less is known about the role of the dominant white endosperm factor ( ). We show that the locus contains multiple, tandem copies of a ( ) gene that encodes a carotenoid-degrading enzyme. A survey of 111 maize inbreds and landraces, together with 22 teosinte accessions, reveals that is exclusive to maize, where it is prevalent in white-grain ( ) varieties. Moreover, copy number varies extensively among alleles (from 1 to 23 copies), and confers a proportional range of expression in diverse organs. We propose that this dynamic source of quantitative variation in expression was created in maize shortly after domestication by a two-step, transposon-mediated process. First, a chromosome segment containing and several nearby genes duplicated at a position 1.9 Mb proximal to the progenitor locus on chromosome 9. Second, a subsequent interaction of transposons at the new locus created a 28-kb tandem duplication, setting up expansion of copy number by unequal crossing over. In this way, transposon-mediated variation in copy number at the locus generated phenotypic variation that provided a foundation for breeding and selection of white-grain color in maize. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Evolução Biológica Dioxigenases/genética Grãos Comestíveis/genética Proteínas de Plantas/genética Zea mays/genética [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Alelos Cruzamento Carotenoides/biossíntese Carotenoides/genética Mapeamento Cromossômico Cor Variações do Número de Cópias de DNA Dioxigenases/biossíntese Grãos Comestíveis/crescimento & desenvolvimento Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/genética Filogenia Pigmentos Biológicos/biossíntese Pigmentos Biológicos/genética Proteínas de Plantas/biossíntese Seleção Genética Zea mays/crescimento & desenvolvimento [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Pigments, Biological); 0 (Plant Proteins); 0 (endosperm specific protein, Zea mays); 36-88-4 (Carotenoids); EC 1.13.11.- (Dioxygenases); EC 1.13.11.- (carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1); EC 2.5.1.32 (Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1707 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170713 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170713 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170205 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1534/genetics.116.198911

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[PMID]: 27837090 [Au] Autor: Chayut N; Yuan H; Ohali S; Meir A; Sa'ar U; Tzuri G; Zheng Y; Mazourek M; Gepstein S; Zhou X; Portnoy V; Lewinsohn E; Schaffer AA; Katzir N; Fei Z; Welsch R; Li L; Burger J; Tadmor Y [Ad] Endereço: Department of Vegetable Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel (N.C., S.O., A.M., U.S., G.T., V.P., E.L., A.A.S., N.K., J.B., Y.T.). [Ti] Título: Distinct Mechanisms of the ORANGE Protein in Controlling Carotenoid Flux. [So] Source: Plant Physiol;173(1):376-389, 2017 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1532-2548 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: ß-Carotene adds nutritious value and determines the color of many fruits, including melon (Cucumis melo). In melon mesocarp, ß-carotene accumulation is governed by the Orange gene (CmOr) golden single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) through a yet to be discovered mechanism. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), OR increases carotenoid levels by posttranscriptionally regulating phytoene synthase (PSY). Here, we identified a CmOr nonsense mutation (Cmor-lowß) that lowered fruit ß-carotene levels with impaired chromoplast biogenesis. Cmor-lowß exerted a minimal effect on PSY transcripts but dramatically decreased PSY protein levels and enzymatic activity, leading to reduced carotenoid metabolic flux and accumulation. However, the golden SNP was discovered to not affect PSY protein levels and carotenoid metabolic flux in melon fruit, as shown by carotenoid and immunoblot analyses of selected melon genotypes and by using chemical pathway inhibitors. The high ß-carotene accumulation in golden SNP melons was found to be due to a reduced further metabolism of ß-carotene. This was revealed by genetic studies with double mutants including carotenoid isomerase (yofi), a carotenoid-isomerase nonsense mutant, which arrests the turnover of prolycopene. The yofi F2 segregants accumulated prolycopene independently of the golden SNP Moreover, Cmor-lowß was found to inhibit chromoplast formation and chloroplast disintegration in fruits from 30 d after anthesis until ripening, suggesting that CmOr regulates the chloroplast-to-chromoplast transition. Taken together, our results demonstrate that CmOr is required to achieve PSY protein levels to maintain carotenoid biosynthesis metabolic flux but that the mechanism of the CmOr golden SNP involves an inhibited metabolism downstream of ß-carotene to dramatically affect both carotenoid content and plastid fate. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Carotenoides/metabolismo Cucumis melo/metabolismo Análise do Fluxo Metabólico Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Sequência de Aminoácidos Vias Biossintéticas/genética Cloroplastos/metabolismo Cucumis melo/genética Ecótipo Epistasia Genética Metanossulfonato de Etila Frutas/genética Frutas/crescimento & desenvolvimento Frutas/metabolismo Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas Genes de Plantas Variação Genética Genótipo Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/metabolismo Modelos Biológicos Mutação/genética Fenótipo Pigmentação/genética Proteínas de Plantas/química Proteínas de Plantas/genética Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética RNA Mensageiro/genética RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Plant Proteins); 0 (RNA, Messenger); 36-88-4 (Carotenoids); 87E4NJ6N51 ((all-E) phytoene); 9H154DI0UP (Ethyl Methanesulfonate); EC 2.5.1.32 (Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171116 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171116 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161113 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01256

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[PMID]: 28025520 [Au] Autor: You MK; Kim JH; Lee YJ; Jeong YS; Ha SH [Ad] Endereço: Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Korea. minkyou@khu.ac.kr. [Ti] Título: Plastoglobule-Targeting Competence of a Putative Transit Peptide Sequence from Rice Phytoene Synthase 2 in Plastids. [So] Source: Int J Mol Sci;18(1), 2016 Dec 22. [Is] ISSN: 1422-0067 [Cp] País de publicação: Switzerland [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Plastoglobules (PGs) are thylakoid membrane microdomains within plastids that are known as specialized locations of carotenogenesis. Three rice phytoene synthase proteins (OsPSYs) involved in carotenoid biosynthesis have been identified. Here, the N-terminal 80-amino-acid portion of OsPSY2 (PTp) was demonstrated to be a chloroplast-targeting peptide by displaying cytosolic localization of OsPSY2(ΔPTp):mCherry in rice protoplast, in contrast to chloroplast localization of OsPSY2:mCherry in a punctate pattern. The peptide sequence of a PTp was predicted to harbor two transmembrane domains eligible for a putative PG-targeting signal. To assess and enhance the PG-targeting ability of PTp, the original PTp DNA sequence ( ) was modified to a synthetic DNA sequence ( ), which had 84.4% similarity to the original sequence. The motivation of this modification was to reduce the GC ratio from 75% to 65% and to disentangle the hairpin loop structures of . These two DNA sequences were fused to the sequence of the synthetic green fluorescent protein (sGFP) and drove GFP expression with different efficiencies. In particular, the RNA and protein levels of were slightly improved to 1.4-fold and 1.3-fold more than those of sGFP, respectively. The green fluorescent signals of their mature proteins were all observed as speckle-like patterns with slightly blurred stromal signals in chloroplasts. These discrete green speckles of PTp sGFP and stPTp sGFP corresponded exactly to the red fluorescent signal displayed by OsPSY2:mCherry in both etiolated and greening protoplasts and it is presumed to correspond to distinct PGs. In conclusion, we identified PTp as a transit peptide sequence facilitating preferential translocation of foreign proteins to PGs, and developed an improved sequence, a s , which is expected to be very useful for applications in plant biotechnologies requiring precise micro-compartmental localization in plastids. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Proteínas de Cloroplastos/metabolismo Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/metabolismo Oryza/metabolismo Tilacoides/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Composição de Bases Proteínas de Cloroplastos/química Proteínas de Cloroplastos/genética Sequência Conservada Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/química Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/genética Oryza/enzimologia Oryza/genética Sinais Direcionadores de Proteínas/genética Transporte Proteico [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Chloroplast Proteins); 0 (Protein Sorting Signals); 0 (chloroplast transit peptides); EC 2.5.1.32 (Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1704 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170411 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170411 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161228 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27769185 [Au] Autor: Zhai S; Li G; Sun Y; Song J; Li J; Song G; Li Y; Ling H; He Z; Xia X [Ad] Endereço: Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China. [Ti] Título: Genetic analysis of phytoene synthase 1 (Psy1) gene function and regulation in common wheat. [So] Source: BMC Plant Biol;16(1):228, 2016 Oct 21. [Is] ISSN: 1471-2229 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Phytoene synthase 1 (PSY1) is the most important regulatory enzyme in carotenoid biosynthesis, whereas its function is hardly known in common wheat. The aims of the present study were to investigate Psy1 function and genetic regulation using reverse genetics approaches. RESULTS: Transcript levels of Psy1 in RNAi transgenic lines were decreased by 54-76 % and yellow pigment content (YPC) was reduced by 26-35 % compared with controls, confirming the impact of Psy1 on carotenoid accumulation. A series of candidate genes involved in secondary metabolic pathways and core metabolic processes responded to Psy1 down-regulation. The aspartate rich domain (DXXXD) was important for PSY1 function, and conserved nucleotides adjacent to the domain influenced YPC by regulating gene expression, enzyme activity or alternative splicing. Compensatory responses analysis indicated that three Psy1 homoeologs may be coordinately regulated under normal conditions, but separately regulated under stress. The period 14 days post anthesis (DPA) was found to be a key regulation node during grain development. CONCLUSION: The findings define key aspects of flour color regulation in wheat and facilitate the genetic improvement of wheat quality targeting color/nutritional specifications required for specific end products. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/genética Pigmentação/genética Proteínas de Plantas/genética Triticum/enzimologia Triticum/genética [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Sequência de Aminoácidos Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/química Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/metabolismo Proteínas de Plantas/química Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo Sementes/fisiologia Alinhamento de Sequência [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Plant Proteins); EC 2.5.1.32 (Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170921 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170921 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161023 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27695116 [Au] Autor: Flowerika; Alok A; Kumar J; Thakur N; Pandey A; Pandey AK; Upadhyay SK; Tiwari S [Ad] Endereço: National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), C-127, Industrial Area, Phase VIII, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 160071, Punjab, India. [Ti] Título: Characterization and Expression Analysis of Phytoene Synthase from Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). [So] Source: PLoS One;11(10):e0162443, 2016. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Phytoene synthase (PSY) regulates the first committed step of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in plants. The present work reports identification and characterization of the three PSY genes (TaPSY1, TaPSY2 and TaPSY3) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The TaPSY1, TaPSY2, and TaPSY3 genes consisted of three homoeologs on the long arm of group 7 chromosome (7L), short arm of group 5 chromosome (5S), and long arm of group 5 chromosome (5L), respectively in each subgenomes (A, B, and D) with a similarity range from 89% to 97%. The protein sequence analysis demonstrated that TaPSY1 and TaPSY3 retain most of conserved motifs for enzyme activity. Phylogenetic analysis of all TaPSY revealed an evolutionary relationship among PSY proteins of various monocot species. TaPSY derived from A and D subgenomes shared proximity to the PSY of Triticum urartu and Aegilops tauschii, respectively. The differential expression of TaPSY1, TaPSY2, and TaPSY3 in the various tissues, seed development stages, and stress treatments suggested their role in plant development, and stress condition. TaPSY3 showed higher expression in all tissues, followed by TaPSY1. The presence of multiple stress responsive cis-regulatory elements in promoter region of TaPSY3 correlated with the higher expression during drought and heat stresses has suggested their role in these conditions. The expression pattern of TaPSY3 was correlated with the accumulation of ß-carotene in the seed developmental stages. Bacterial complementation assay has validated the functional activity of each TaPSY protein. Hence, TaPSY can be explored in developing genetically improved wheat crop. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/metabolismo Triticum/enzimologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Expressão Gênica Genes de Plantas/genética Genes de Plantas/fisiologia Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/genética Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/fisiologia Filogenia Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real Triticum/genética Triticum/crescimento & desenvolvimento beta Caroteno/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 01YAE03M7J (beta Carotene); EC 2.5.1.32 (Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1706 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170614 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170614 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161004 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162443

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[PMID]: 27564697 [Au] Autor: Sandmann G; Mautz J; Breitenbach J [Ti] Título: Control of light-dependent keto carotenoid biosynthesis in Nostoc 7120 by the transcription factor NtcA. [So] Source: Z Naturforsch C;71(9-10):303-311, 2016 Sep 01. [Is] ISSN: 0939-5075 [Cp] País de publicação: Germany [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: In Nostoc PCC 7120, two different ketolases, CrtW and CrtO are involved in the formation of keto carotenoids from ß-carotene. In contrast to other cyanobacteria, CrtW catalyzes the formation of monoketo echinenone whereas CrtO is the only enzyme for the synthesis of diketo canthaxanthin. This is the major photo protective carotenoid in this cyanobacterium. Under high-light conditions, basic canthaxanthin formation was transcriptionally up-regulated. Upon transfer to high light, the transcript levels of all investigated carotenogenic genes including those coding for phytoene synthase, phytoene desaturase and both ketolases were increased. These transcription changes proceeded via binding of the transcription factor NtcA to the promoter regions of the carotenogenic genes. The binding was absolutely dependent on the presence of reductants and oxo-glutarate. Light-stimulated transcript formation was inhibited by DCMU. Therefore, photosynthetic electron transport is proposed as the sensor for high-light and a changing redox state as a signal for NtcA binding. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo Carotenoides/biossíntese Luz Nostoc/efeitos da radiação Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Proteínas de Bactérias/genética Sequência de Bases Cantaxantina/biossíntese Diurona/farmacologia Relação Dose-Resposta à Radiação Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica/efeitos da radiação Regulação Enzimológica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos Regulação Enzimológica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos da radiação Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/genética Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/metabolismo Herbicidas/farmacologia Nostoc/genética Nostoc/metabolismo Oxirredutases/genética Oxirredutases/metabolismo Oxigenases/genética Oxigenases/metabolismo Regiões Promotoras Genéticas/genética Ligação Proteica Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa beta Caroteno/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Bacterial Proteins); 0 (Herbicides); 0 (Transcription Factors); 01YAE03M7J (beta Carotene); 36-88-4 (Carotenoids); 4C3C6403MU (Canthaxanthin); 9I3SDS92WY (Diuron); EC 1.- (Oxidoreductases); EC 1.13.- (Oxygenases); EC 1.13.- (beta-carotene ketolase); EC 1.14.99.- (phytoene dehydrogenase); EC 2.5.1.32 (Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase); LJ5IO02MNQ (echinenone) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1701 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170125 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170125 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160827 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 27405473 [Au] Autor: Qin X; Fischer K; Yu S; Dubcovsky J; Tian L [Ad] Endereço: Department of Plant Sciences, Mail Stop 3, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. [Ti] Título: Distinct expression and function of carotenoid metabolic genes and homoeologs in developing wheat grains. [So] Source: BMC Plant Biol;16(1):155, 2016 Jul 12. [Is] ISSN: 1471-2229 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: ß-carotene, the most active provitamin A molecule produced by plants, plays important roles in human nutrition and health. ß-carotene does not usually accumulate in the endosperm (i.e. flour) of mature wheat grains, which is a major food source of calories for humans. Therefore, enriching ß-carotene accumulation in wheat grain endosperm will enable a sustainable dietary supplementation of provitamin A. Several metabolic genes affecting ß-carotene accumulation have already been isolated from wheat, including phytoene synthase 1 (PSY1), lycopene ε-cyclase (LCYe) and carotenoid ß-ring hydroxylase1/2 (HYD1/2). RESULTS: In this work, we cloned and biochemically characterized two carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs), CCD1 and CCD4, from wheat. While CCD1 homoeologs cleaved ß-apo-8'-carotenal, ß-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin into apocarotenoid products, CCD4 homoeologs were inactive towards these substrates in in vitro assays. When analyzed by real-time qPCR, PSY1, LCYe, HYD1/2 and CCD1/4 homoeologs showed distinct expression patterns in vegetative tissues and sections of developing tetraploid and hexaploid wheat grains, suggesting that carotenoid metabolic genes and homoeologs are differentially regulated at the transcriptional level in wheat. CONCLUSIONS: The CCD1/4 enzyme activity and the spatial-temporal gene expression data provide critical insights into the specific carotenoid metabolic gene homoeologs that control ß-carotene accumulation in wheat grain endosperm, thus establishing the knowledge base for generation of wheat varieties with enhanced ß-carotene in the endosperm through breeding and genome editing approaches. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Carotenoides/metabolismo Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento Triticum/metabolismo [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Dioxigenases/genética Dioxigenases/metabolismo Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/genética Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/metabolismo Liases Intramoleculares/genética Liases Intramoleculares/metabolismo Proteínas de Plantas/genética Sementes/enzimologia Sementes/genética Sementes/metabolismo Triticum/enzimologia Triticum/genética Triticum/crescimento & desenvolvimento [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Plant Proteins); 36-88-4 (Carotenoids); EC 1.13.11.- (Dioxygenases); EC 2.5.1.32 (Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase); EC 5.5.- (Intramolecular Lyases); EC 5.5.- (lycopene cyclase-isomerase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1708 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170815 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170815 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160714 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0848-7

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[PMID]: 27240986 [Au] Autor: Pandurangaiah S; Ravishankar KV; Shivashankar KS; Sadashiva AT; Pillakenchappa K; Narayanan SK [Ad] Endereço: Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, India. [Ti] Título: Differential expression of carotenoid biosynthetic pathway genes in two contrasting tomato genotypes for lycopene content. [So] Source: J Biosci;41(2):257-64, 2016 Jun. [Is] ISSN: 0973-7138 [Cp] País de publicação: India [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the model plant to study carotenoid biosynthesis. In the present study, the fruit carotenoid content were quantified at different developmental stages for two contrasting genotypes, viz. IIHR-249-1 and IIHR-2866 by UPLC. Lycopene content was high in IIHR-249-1 (19.45 mg/100 g fresh weight) compared to IIHR-2866 (1.88 mg/100 g fresh weight) at the ripe stage. qPCR was performed for genes that are involved in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway to study the difference in lycopene content in fruits of both the genotypes. The expression of Phytoene synthase (PSY) increased by 36-fold and Phytoene desaturase (PDS) increased by 14-fold from immature green stage to ripe stage in IIHR-249-1. The expression of Chloroplast lycopene beta-cyclase (LCY-B) and Chromoplast lycopene beta cyclase (CYC-B) decreased gradually from the initial stage to the ripe stage in IIHR-249-1. IIHR 249-1 showed 3- and 1.8-fold decrease in gene expression for Chloroplast lycopene beta-cyclase (LCY-B) and Chromoplast lycopene beta-cyclase (CYC-B) .The F2 hybrids derived from IIHR-249-1 and IIHR-2866 were analysed at the ripe stage for lycopene content. The gene expression of Chloroplast lycopene beta-cyclase (LCY-B) and Chromoplast lycopene beta-cyclase (CYC-B) in high and low lycopene lines from F2 progenies also showed the decrease in transcript levels of both the genes in high lycopene F2 lines. We wish to suggest that the differential expression of lycopene beta-cyclases can be used in marker-assisted breeding. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Carotenoides/biossíntese Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/biossíntese Liases Intramoleculares/biossíntese Oxirredutases/biossíntese [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Vias Biossintéticas Carotenoides/genética Frutas/enzimologia Frutas/genética Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas Genótipo Liases Intramoleculares/genética Lycopersicon esculentum/genética Lycopersicon esculentum/metabolismo Plastídeos/enzimologia Plastídeos/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 36-88-4 (Carotenoids); EC 1.- (Oxidoreductases); EC 1.14.99.- (phytoene dehydrogenase); EC 2.5.1.32 (Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase); EC 5.5.- (Intramolecular Lyases); EC 5.5.- (lycopene cyclase-isomerase); SB0N2N0WV6 (lycopene) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1703 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171108 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171108 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160601 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 26948490 [Au] Autor: Polisetti S; Bible AN; Morrell-Falvey JL; Bohn PW [Ad] Endereço: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. pbohn@nd.edu. [Ti] Título: Raman chemical imaging of the rhizosphere bacterium Pantoea sp. YR343 and its co-culture with Arabidopsis thaliana. [So] Source: Analyst;141(7):2175-82, 2016 Apr 07. [Is] ISSN: 1364-5528 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Chemical imaging of plant-bacteria co-cultures makes it possible to characterize bacterial populations and behaviors and their interactions with proximal organisms, under conditions closest to the environment in the rhizosphere. Here Raman micro-spectroscopy and confocal Raman imaging are used as minimally invasive probes to study the rhizosphere bacterial isolate, Pantoea sp. YR343, and its co-culture with model plant Arabidopsis thaliana by combining enhanced Raman spectroscopies with electron microscopy and principal component analysis (PCA). The presence of carotenoid pigments in the wild type Pantoea sp. YR343 was characterized using resonance Raman scattering, which was also used to confirm successful disruption of the crtB gene in an engineered carotenoid mutant strain. Other components of the Pantoea sp. YR343 cells were imaged in the presence of resonantly enhanced pigments using a combination of surface enhanced Raman imaging and PCA. Pantoea sp. YR343 cells decorated with Ag colloid synthesized ex situ gave spectra dominated by carotenoid scattering, whereas colloids synthesized in situ produced spectral signatures characteristic of flavins in the cell membrane. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of whole cells and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of thinly sliced cross-sections were used to assess structural integrity of the coated cells and to establish the origin of spectral signatures based on the position of Ag nanoparticles in the cells. Raman imaging was also used to characterize senescent green Arabidopsis thaliana plant roots inoculated with Pantoea sp. YR343, and PCA was used to distinguish spectral contributions from plant and bacterial cells, thereby establishing the potential of Raman imaging to visualize the distribution of rhizobacteria on plant roots. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Arabidopsis/crescimento & desenvolvimento Técnicas de Cocultura Pantoea/química Pantoea/crescimento & desenvolvimento Rizosfera Análise Espectral Raman [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/genética Mutação Pantoea/enzimologia Pantoea/genética Estereoisomerismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, NON-P.H.S. [Nm] Nome de substância: EC 2.5.1.32 (Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1701 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170106 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170106 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160308 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1039/c6an00080k

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MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 26932903 [Au] Autor: Zhang W; Chen Z; Wu M; Shi Z; Zhu F; Li G; Ma T [Ad] Endereço: Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. [Ti] Título: Improved production of carotenoid-free welan gum in a genetic-engineered Alcaligenes sp. ATCC31555. [So] Source: Biotechnol Lett;38(6):991-7, 2016 Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1573-6776 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVE: To improve the production of welan gum and obtain a carotenoid-free strain while reducing the fermentation and post-treatment costs. RESULTS: The vitreoscilla globin (vgb) gene combined with the ß-galactosidase (lacZ) promoter was inserted into the phytoene synthase (crtB) gene region of the chromosome in Alcaligenes sp. ATCC31555. When the recombinant strain was grown in a 5 l fermentor, welan gum was produced at 24 ± 0.4 g l(-1) compared to 21 g ± 0.4 g l(-1) in the wild type. Furthermore, the carotenoid-free welan gum produced using Alcaligenes sp. ATCC31555 VHb strain was less expensive with improved properties. CONCLUSIONS: Alcaligenes sp. ATCC31555 VHb strain was a better neutral welan-producing strain with a higher production than the wild-type strain. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Alcaligenes/genética Alcaligenes/metabolismo Engenharia Genética/métodos Polissacarídeos Bacterianos/biossíntese [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Alcaligenes/crescimento & desenvolvimento Proteínas de Bactérias/genética Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo Reatores Biológicos Biotecnologia/instrumentação Biotecnologia/métodos Carotenoides/genética Carotenoides/metabolismo Fermentação Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica Técnicas de Inativação de Genes Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/genética Geranil-Geranildifosfato Geranil-Geraniltransferase/metabolismo Polissacarídeos Bacterianos/química Polissacarídeos Bacterianos/genética Regiões Promotoras Genéticas Hemoglobinas Truncadas/genética Hemoglobinas Truncadas/metabolismo Viscosidade beta-Galactosidase/genética beta-Galactosidase/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Bacterial Proteins); 0 (Polysaccharides, Bacterial); 0 (Truncated Hemoglobins); 104781-86-4 (hemoglobin protein, Vitreoscilla); 36-88-4 (Carotenoids); 96949-22-3 (welan); EC 2.5.1.32 (Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase); EC 3.2.1.23 (beta-Galactosidase) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1701 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170125 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170125 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 160303 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1007/s10529-016-2068-5

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