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[PMID]: 29446278 [Au] Autor: Alikbayeva LA; Iakubova IS; Ryzhkov AL; Lavrinova AA; Sidorov AA [Ti] Título: [Hygienic assessment of conditions of the exploitation of facilities of the urban drainage system]. [So] Source: Gig Sanit;95(12):1121-4, 2016. [Is] ISSN: 0016-9900 [Cp] País de publicação: Russia (Federation) [La] Idioma: rus [Ab] Resumo: The aim of the study was the hygienic characteristics of the location of sewage pumping stations (SPSs) in the residential area of the city and the assessment of working conditions for the staff. The features of the technological process at the SPSs resulted in the formation of specific working conditions characterized by the presence of a cooling microclimate, noise production, technological vibration, air pollution by microorganisms. The assessment of working conditions has allowed to refer them to the 3 class (harmful working conditions) of the 2 and 3 degree. Preventive measures for SPSs should include the use of equipment for cleaning the air of working zone, having a combined odourremoving and microbicidal action; the automation of the labor process; the installation of additional equipment for filtering air circulating in workplaces and emitting into the atmosphere; provision of sealing equipment with the use of noise insulating materials. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Poluentes Ocupacionais do Ar/análise Ruído/prevenção & controle Exposição Ocupacional Esgotos Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Seres Humanos Exposição Ocupacional/análise Exposição Ocupacional/prevenção & controle Saúde do Trabalhador/normas Federação Russa Esgotos/análise Esgotos/estatística & dados numéricos Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/normas [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Air Pollutants, Occupational); 0 (Sewage) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180309 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180309 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 180216 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28837874 [Au] Autor: Halecki W; Klatka S [Ad] Endereço: Department of Land Reclamation and Environmental Development, University of Agriculture, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: wiktor.halecki@urk.edu.pl. [Ti] Título: Long term growth of crop plants on experimental plots created among slag heaps. [So] Source: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf;147:86-92, 2018 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1090-2414 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Suppression of plant growth is a common problem in post-mining reclaimed areas, as coarse texture of soils may increase nitrate leaching. Assessing feasibility of using solid waste (precipitated solid matter) produced by water and sewage treatment processes in field conditions is very important in mine soil reclamation. Our work investigated the possibility of plant growth in a degraded site covered with sewage-derived sludge material. A test area (21m × 18m) was established on a mine soil heap. Experimental plant species included Camelina sativa, Helianthus annuus, Festuca rubra, Miscanthus giganteus, Amaranthus cruentus, Brassica napus, Melilotus albus, Beta vulgaris, and Zea mays. ANOVA showed sufficient water content and acceptable physical properties of the soil in each year and layer in a multi-year period, indicating that these species were suitable for phytoremediation purposes. Results of trace elements assays indicated low degree of contamination caused by Carbocrash waste material and low potential ecological risk for all plant species. Detrended correspondence analysis revealed that total porosity and capillary porosity were the most important variables for the biosolids among all water content related properties. Overall, crop plants were found useful on heavily degraded land and the soil benefited from their presence. An addition of Carbocrash substrate to mine soil improved the initial stage of soil reclamation and accelerated plant growth. The use of this substrate in phytoremediation helped to balance the content of nutrients, promoted plant growth, and increased plant tolerance to salinity. Sewage sludge-amended biosolids may be applied directly to agricultural soil, not only in experimental conditions. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Produtos Agrícolas/crescimento & desenvolvimento Mineração Esgotos/química Poluentes do Solo/análise Solo/química Resíduos Sólidos/análise [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Biodegradação Ambiental Biomassa Polônia Porosidade Propriedades de Superfície Fatores de Tempo Oligoelementos/análise [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Sewage); 0 (Soil); 0 (Soil Pollutants); 0 (Solid Waste); 0 (Trace Elements) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180309 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180309 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170825 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28968945 [Au] Autor: Amorim CL; Alves M; Castro PML; Henriques I [Ad] Endereço: Biology Department and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital 172, 4200-374 Porto, Po [Ti] Título: Bacterial community dynamics within an aerobic granular sludge reactor treating wastewater loaded with pharmaceuticals. [So] Source: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf;147:905-912, 2018 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1090-2414 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Pharmaceuticals are micropollutants often present in wastewater treatment systems. In this study, the potential impact of such micropollutants on the bacterial population within aerobic granular sludge (AGS) bioreactor was investigated. The AGS bacterial community structure and composition were accessed combining DGGE fingerprinting and barcoded pyrosequencing analysis. Both revealed the existence of a dynamic bacterial community, independently of the pharmaceuticals presence. The AGS microbiome at both phylum and class levels varied over time and, after stopping pharmaceuticals feeding, the bacterial community did not return to its initial composition. Nevertheless, most of the assigned OTUs were present throughout the different operational phases. This core microbiome, represented by over 72% of the total sequences in each phase, probably played an important role in biological removal processes, avoiding their failure during the disturbance period. Quantitative-PCR revealed that pharmaceuticals load led to gradual changes on the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAO) but their persistence during that phase demonstrated the resilience of such bacterial groups. AGS microbiome changed over time but a core community was maintained, probably ensuring the accomplishment of the main biological removal processes. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Reatores Biológicos/microbiologia Microbiota/efeitos dos fármacos Preparações Farmacêuticas/análise Esgotos/microbiologia Águas Residuais/microbiologia Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Aerobiose Microbiota/genética RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética Esgotos/química Águas Residuais/química Purificação da Água/métodos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Pharmaceutical Preparations); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); 0 (Sewage); 0 (Waste Water); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180308 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180308 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171004 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28942277 [Au] Autor: Pedrazzani R; Cavallotti I; Bollati E; Ferreri M; Bertanza G [Ad] Endereço: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Brescia, via Branze 38, I-25123 Brescia, Italy; MISTRAL c/o DSMC - Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, I-25123 Brescia, Italy. Electronic address: roberta.pedrazzani@unibs.it. [Ti] Título: The role of bioassays in the evaluation of ecotoxicological aspects within the PEF/OEF protocols: The case of WWTPs. [So] Source: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf;147:742-748, 2018 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1090-2414 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The suitability evaluation of any industrial process should rely on economic, technical, social and, in particular, environmental aspects. The Commission Recommendation 2013/179/UE enables the improvement and the harmonization of the conventional evaluation of environmental footprints, such as LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), Carbon and Water Footprint, by suggesting the assessment of life cycle environmental performance of products and organisations (PEF, OEF). Novelty aspects reside in including new impact categories (namely, human toxicity cancer effects, human toxicity not-cancer effects and eco-toxicity). This paper presents an application of PEF/OEF protocol to the example case of an activated sludge wastewater treatment plant. Strengths and criticisms of this approach are discussed, by taking into consideration the possible final goal of the suitability assessment. Valuably, the adoption of bioassays (i.e., the input of their results in the models for calculating the life cycle environmental performance) for a more reliable evaluation of the impact on the ecosystem and human health is proposed. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Bioensaio Ecotoxicologia/métodos Política Ambiental/legislação & jurisprudência Regulamentação Governamental Purificação da Água/normas [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Bioensaio/métodos Bioensaio/normas Análise da Demanda Biológica de Oxigênio Ecossistema Ecotoxicologia/legislação & jurisprudência União Europeia Seres Humanos Modelos Teóricos Esgotos/análise Testes de Toxicidade/normas Águas Residuais/toxicidade Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade Purificação da Água/legislação & jurisprudência [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Sewage); 0 (Waste Water); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180308 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180308 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170925 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28278781 [Au] Autor: Kumar V; Chopra AK [Ad] Endereço: a Agro-ecology and Pollution Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environmental Science , Gurukula Kangri University , Haridwar , Uttarakhand , India. [Ti] Título: Phytoremediation potential of water caltrop (Trapa natans L.) using municipal wastewater of the activated sludge process-based municipal wastewater treatment plant. [So] Source: Environ Technol;39(1):12-23, 2018 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 0959-3330 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Phytoremediation experiments were carried out to assess the phytoremediation potential of water caltrop (Trapa natans L.) using municipal wastewater collected from the activated sludge process- (ASP) based municipal wastewater treatment plant. The results revealed that T. natans significantly (P ≤ .05/P ≤ .01/P ≤ .001) reduced the contents of total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD ), chemical oxygen demand, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, phosphate ([Formula: see text]), sodium (Na ), potassium (K ), calcium (Ca ), magnesium (Mg ), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), standard plate count, and most probable number of the municipal wastewater after phytoremediation experiments. The maximum removal of these parameters was obtained at 60 days of the phytoremediation experiments, but the removal rate of these parameters was gradually increased from 15 to 45 days and it was slightly decreased at 60 days. Most contents of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn were translocated in the leaves of T. natans, whereas most contents of Cr and Pb were accumulated in the root of T. natans after phytoremediation experiments. The contents of different biochemical components were recorded in the order of total sugar > crude protein > total ash > crude fiber > total fat in T. natans after phytoremediation of municipal wastewater. Therefore, T. natans was found to be effective for the removal of different parameters of municipal wastewater and can be used effectively to reduce the pollution load of municipal wastewater drained from the ASP-based treatment plants. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Biodegradação Ambiental Lythraceae/fisiologia Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Análise da Demanda Biológica de Oxigênio Metais Pesados Esgotos/química Águas Residuais/química Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Metals, Heavy); 0 (Sewage); 0 (Waste Water); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180308 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180308 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170311 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1293165

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[PMID]: 28278777 [Au] Autor: Lu YF; Ma LJ; Ma L; Shan B; Chang JJ [Ad] Endereço: a School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University , Kunming , People's Republic of China. [Ti] Título: Improvement of start-up and nitrogen removal of the anammox process in reactors inoculated with conventional activated sludge using biofilm carrier materials. [So] Source: Environ Technol;39(1):59-67, 2018 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 0959-3330 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The start-up of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process in three up-flow column reactors seeded with common mixed activated sludge and added with three materials, sponge (R1), sponge + volcanic rock (R2) and sponge + charcoal (R3), as carriers for biofilm formation were comparatively investigated in this study. The supplement of volcanic rock and charcoal could significantly shorten the start-up time of the anammox process, which primarily occurred in the activity-enhanced phase, with ammonium and nitrite removal efficiencies stabilized above 92.5% and 93.4% after an operation period of 145, 105 and 121 d for R1, R2 and R3, respectively. After the successful anammox start-up, R2 performed significantly better in TN removal (p < .05), achieving an average rate of 91.0% and 191.5 g N m d compared to R1 of 88.4% and 172.1 g N m d , and R3 of 89.9% and 180.1 g N m d in the steady running phase. The ratios of consumed [Formula: see text] and generated [Formula: see text]/consumed [Formula: see text] after anammox start-up were lower than the theoretical values, probably suggesting the simultaneous existences of anammox, denitrification as well as nitrification processes in the reactors. A reddish brown biofilm was wrapped on the carriers and morphological detection of biofilm displayed the presentations of thick and compact floc aggregates and some filamentous bacteria on the sponge, and spherical-, ovoid- and shortrod-shaped microorganisms on the volcanic rock and charcoal. Using porous material as carrier for biofilm development is an effective strategy for practical application of the anammox reactor. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Biofilmes/crescimento & desenvolvimento Nitrogênio/metabolismo Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Compostos de Amônio Reatores Biológicos/microbiologia Carvão Vegetal Crescimento Quimioautotrófico Desnitrificação Nitrificação Nitritos Nitrogênio/análise Oxirredução Esgotos/microbiologia Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Ammonium Compounds); 0 (Nitrites); 0 (Sewage); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 16291-96-6 (Charcoal); N762921K75 (Nitrogen) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180308 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180308 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170311 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1294624

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[PMID]: 28278778 [Au] Autor: Khan MB; Nisar H; Ng CA; Lo PK; Yap VV [Ad] Endereço: a Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology , Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman , Kampar , Malaysia. [Ti] Título: Generalized classification modeling of activated sludge process based on microscopic image analysis. [So] Source: Environ Technol;39(1):24-34, 2018 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 0959-3330 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The state of activated sludge wastewater treatment process (AS WWTP) is conventionally identified by physico-chemical measurements which are costly, time-consuming and have associated environmental hazards. Image processing and analysis-based linear regression modeling has been used to monitor the AS WWTP. But it is plant- and state-specific in the sense that it cannot be generalized to multiple plants and states. Generalized classification modeling for state identification is the main objective of this work. By generalized classification, we mean that the identification model does not require any prior information about the state of the plant, and the resultant identification is valid for any plant in any state. In this paper, the generalized classification model for the AS process is proposed based on features extracted using morphological parameters of flocs. The images of the AS samples, collected from aeration tanks of nine plants, are acquired through bright-field microscopy. Feature-selection is performed in context of classification using sequential feature selection and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. A support vector machine (SVM)-based state identification strategy was proposed with a new agreement solver module for imbalanced data of the states of AS plants. The classification results were compared with state-of-the-art multiclass SVMs (one-vs.-one and one-vs.-all), and ensemble classifiers using the performance metrics: accuracy, recall, specificity, precision, F measure and kappa coefficient (κ). The proposed strategy exhibits better results by identification of different states of different plants with accuracy 0.9423, and κ 0.6681 for the minority class data of bulking. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Esgotos/análise Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador Águas Residuais/química [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Sewage); 0 (Waste Water) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180308 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180308 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170311 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1293166

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[PMID]: 27778445 [Au] Autor: Chung HS; Choi JH; Abd El-Aty AM; Lee YJ; Lee HS; Kim S; Jung HJ; Kang TW; Shin HC; Shim JH [Ad] Endereço: Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. [Ti] Título: Simultaneous determination of seven multiclass veterinary antibiotics in surface water samples in the Republic of Korea using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. [So] Source: J Sep Sci;39(24):4688-4699, 2016 Dec. [Is] ISSN: 1615-9314 [Cp] País de publicação: Germany [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: A simultaneous determination method using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was developed to detect and quantify the presence of seven multiclass veterinary antibiotics (13 compounds in total) in surface water samples, which included the effluents of livestock wastewater and sewage treatment plants, as well as the reservoir drainage areas from dense animal farms. The pH of all water samples was adjusted to 2 or 6 before solid-phase extraction using Oasis HLB cartridges. The developed method was fully validated in terms of linearity, method detection limit, method quantitation limit, accuracy, and precision. The linearity of all tested drugs was good, with R determination coefficients ≥ 0.9931. The method detection limits and method quantitation limits were 0.1-74.3 and 0.5-236.6 ng/L, respectively. Accuracy and precision values were 71-120 and 1-17%, respectively. The determination method was successfully applied for monitoring water samples obtained from the Yeongsan River in 2015. The most frequently detected antibiotics were lincomycin (96%), sulfamethazine (90%), sulfamethoxazole (88%), and sulfathiazole (50%); the maximum concentrations of which were 398.9, 1151.3, 533.1, and 307.4 ng/L, respectively. Overall, the greatest numbers and concentrations of detected antibiotics were found in samples from the effluents of livestock wastewater, sewage treatment plants, and reservoir drainage areas. Diverse veterinary antibiotics were present, and their presence was dependent upon the commercial sales and environmental properties of the analytes, the geographical positions of the sampling points, and the origin of the water. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Drogas Veterinárias/análise Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Antibacterianos Cromatografia Líquida República da Coreia Esgotos/análise Extração em Fase Sólida Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem Águas Residuais/análise [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (Sewage); 0 (Veterinary Drugs); 0 (Waste Water); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180306 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180306 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161026 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600968

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[PMID]: 29478660 [Au] Autor: Li X; Huang Y; Liu HW; Wu C; Bi W; Yuan Y; Liu X [Ad] Endereço: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China. [Ti] Título: Simultaneous Fe(III) reduction and ammonia oxidation process in Anammox sludge. [So] Source: J Environ Sci (China);64:42-50, 2018 Feb. [Is] ISSN: 1001-0742 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: In recent years, there have been a number of reports on the phenomenon in which ferric iron (Fe(III)) is reduced to ferrous iron [Fe(II)] in anaerobic environments, accompanied by simultaneous oxidation of ammonia to NO , NO , or N However, studies on the relevant reaction characteristics and mechanisms are rare. Recently, in research on the effect of Fe(III) on the activity of Anammox sludge, excess ammonia oxidization has also been found. Hence, in the present study, Fe(III) was used to serve as the electron acceptor instead of NO , and the feasibility and characteristics of Anammox coupled to Fe(III) reduction (termed Feammox) were investigated. After 160days of cultivation, the conversion rate of ammonia in the reactor was above 80%, accompanied by the production of a large amount of NO and a small amount of NO . The total nitrogen removal rate was up to 71.8%. Furthermore, quantities of Fe(II) were detected in the sludge fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and denaturated gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analyses further revealed that in the sludge, some Anammox bacteria were retained, and some microbes were enriched during the acclimatization process. We thus deduced that in Anammox sludge, Fe(III) reduction takes place together with ammonia oxidation to NO and NO along with the Anammox process. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Amônia/química Ferro/química Esgotos/microbiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Aclimatação Amônia/metabolismo Respiração Celular Crescimento Quimioautotrófico Eletroforese em Gel de Gradiente Desnaturante Meio Ambiente Compostos Férricos Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente Ferro/metabolismo Nitrogênio Oxidantes Oxirredução [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Ferric Compounds); 0 (Oxidants); 0 (Sewage); 7664-41-7 (Ammonia); E1UOL152H7 (Iron); N762921K75 (Nitrogen) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180301 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180301 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 180227 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 29478656 [Au] Autor: Zhang L; Liu J; Guo X [Ad] Endereço: Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. [Ti] Título: Investigation on mechanism of phosphate removal on carbonized sludge adsorbent. [So] Source: J Environ Sci (China);64:335-344, 2018 Feb. [Is] ISSN: 1001-0742 [Cp] País de publicação: Netherlands [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: For the removal of phosphate (PO ) from water, an adsorbent was prepared via carbonization of sewage sludge from a wastewater treatment plant: carbonized sludge adsorbent (CSA). The mechanism of phosphate removal was determined after studying the structure and chemical properties of the CSA and its influence on phosphate removal. The results demonstrate that phosphate adsorption by the CSA can be fitted with the pseudo second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption is single molecular layer adsorption dominated by chemical reaction. The active sites binding phosphate on the surface are composed of mineral particles containing Si/Ca/Al/Fe. The mineral containing Ca, calcite, is the main factor responsible for phosphate removal. The phosphate removal mechanism is a complex process including crystallization via the interaction between Ca and PO ; formation of precipitates of Ca , Al , and PO ; and adsorption of PO on some recalcitrant oxides composed of Si/Al/Fe. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Fosfatos/química Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos Águas Residuais/química Poluentes Químicos da Água/química [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adsorção Fosfatos/análise Esgotos/química Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Phosphates); 0 (Sewage); 0 (Waste Water); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180301 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180301 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 180227 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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