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[PMID]: 28737634 [Au] Autor: Mahan ST; Harris MS; Lierhaus AM; Miller PE; DiFazio RL [Ad] Endereço: Susan T. Mahan, MD, MPH, Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Assistant Professor in Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Marie S. Harris, MPH, Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA. Anneliese M. Lierhaus, BA, Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA. Patricia E. Miller, MS, Biostatistician, Department of Orthopedics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA. Rachel L. DiFazio, PhD, RN, PPCNP-BC, FAAN, Department of Orthopedics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Instructor in Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. [Ti] Título: Noise Reduction to Reduce Patient Anxiety During Cast Removal: Can We Decrease Patient Anxiety With Cast Removal by Wearing Noise Reduction Headphones During Cast Saw Use? [So] Source: Orthop Nurs;36(4):271-278, 2017 Jul/Aug. [Is] ISSN: 1542-538X [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Noise reduction headphones decrease the sound during cast removal. Their effectiveness in decreasing anxiety has not been studied. PURPOSE: Compare pediatric patients' anxiety levels during cast removal with and without utilization of noise reduction headphones combined with use of a personal electronic device. METHODS: Quality improvement project. Patients randomly assigned to noise reduction headphone group or standard care group during cast removal. Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability Scale and heart rate were evaluated prior to, during, and after cast removal. Data were compared across groups. RESULTS: Fifty patients were included; 25 per group. No difference detected between the 2 groups in Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability Scale score prior to (p = .05) or after cast removal (p = .30). During cast removal, the headphone group had lower FLACC Scale scores (p = .03). Baseline heart rate was lower in the headphone group prior to (p = .02) and after (p = .005) cast removal with no difference during cast removal (p = .24). CONCLUSION: Utilizing noise reduction headphones and a personal electronic device during the cast removal process decreases patient anxiety. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Ansiedade/prevenção & controle Moldes Cirúrgicos Dispositivos de Proteção das Orelhas Ruído/efeitos adversos Ruído/prevenção & controle [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Ansiedade/classificação Estudos de Casos e Controles Criança Pré-Escolar Feminino Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia Seres Humanos Masculino Estudos Prospectivos Estatísticas não Paramétricas [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1707 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170727 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170727 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: N [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170725 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1097/NOR.0000000000000365

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[PMID]: 28685503 [Au] Autor: Tikka C; Verbeek JH; Kateman E; Morata TC; Dreschler WA; Ferrite S [Ad] Endereço: Cochrane Work Review Group, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 310, Kuopio, Finland, 70101. [Ti] Título: Interventions to prevent occupational noise-induced hearing loss. [So] Source: Cochrane Database Syst Rev;7:CD006396, 2017 07 07. [Is] ISSN: 1469-493X [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: This is the second update of a Cochrane Review originally published in 2009. Millions of workers worldwide are exposed to noise levels that increase their risk of hearing disorders. There is uncertainty about the effectiveness of hearing loss prevention interventions. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions for preventing occupational noise exposure or occupational hearing loss compared to no intervention or alternative interventions. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the CENTRAL; PubMed; Embase; CINAHL; Web of Science; BIOSIS Previews; Cambridge Scientific Abstracts; and OSH UPDATE to 3 October 2016. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials (RCT), controlled before-after studies (CBA) and interrupted time-series (ITS) of non-clinical interventions under field conditions among workers to prevent or reduce noise exposure and hearing loss. We also collected uncontrolled case studies of engineering controls about the effect on noise exposure. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed study eligibility and risk of bias and extracted data. We categorised interventions as engineering controls, administrative controls, personal hearing protection devices, and hearing surveillance. MAIN RESULTS: We included 29 studies. One study evaluated legislation to reduce noise exposure in a 12-year time-series analysis but there were no controlled studies on engineering controls for noise exposure. Eleven studies with 3725 participants evaluated effects of personal hearing protection devices and 17 studies with 84,028 participants evaluated effects of hearing loss prevention programmes (HLPPs). Effects on noise exposure Engineering interventions following legislationOne ITS study found that new legislation in the mining industry reduced the median personal noise exposure dose in underground coal mining by 27.7 percentage points (95% confidence interval (CI) -36.1 to -19.3 percentage points) immediately after the implementation of stricter legislation. This roughly translates to a 4.5 dB(A) decrease in noise level. The intervention was associated with a favourable but statistically non-significant downward trend in time of the noise dose of -2.1 percentage points per year (95% CI -4.9 to 0.7, 4 year follow-up, very low-quality evidence). Engineering intervention case studiesWe found 12 studies that described 107 uncontrolled case studies of immediate reductions in noise levels of machinery ranging from 11.1 to 19.7 dB(A) as a result of purchasing new equipment, segregating noise sources or installing panels or curtains around sources. However, the studies lacked long-term follow-up and dose measurements of workers, and we did not use these studies for our conclusions. Hearing protection devicesIn general hearing protection devices reduced noise exposure on average by about 20 dB(A) in one RCT and three CBAs (57 participants, low-quality evidence). Two RCTs showed that, with instructions for insertion, the attenuation of noise by earplugs was 8.59 dB better (95% CI 6.92 dB to 10.25 dB) compared to no instruction (2 RCTs, 140 participants, moderate-quality evidence). Administrative controls: information and noise exposure feedbackOn-site training sessions did not have an effect on personal noise-exposure levels compared to information only in one cluster-RCT after four months' follow-up (mean difference (MD) 0.14 dB; 95% CI -2.66 to 2.38). Another arm of the same study found that personal noise exposure information had no effect on noise levels (MD 0.30 dB(A), 95% CI -2.31 to 2.91) compared to no such information (176 participants, low-quality evidence). Effects on hearing loss Hearing protection devicesIn two studies the authors compared the effect of different devices on temporary threshold shifts at short-term follow-up but reported insufficient data for analysis. In two CBA studies the authors found no difference in hearing loss from noise exposure above 89 dB(A) between muffs and earplugs at long-term follow-up (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.03 ), very low-quality evidence). Authors of another CBA study found that wearing hearing protection more often resulted in less hearing loss at very long-term follow-up (very low-quality evidence). Combination of interventions: hearing loss prevention programmesOne cluster-RCT found no difference in hearing loss at three- or 16-year follow-up between an intensive HLPP for agricultural students and audiometry only. One CBA study found no reduction of the rate of hearing loss (MD -0.82 dB per year (95% CI -1.86 to 0.22) for a HLPP that provided regular personal noise exposure information compared to a programme without this information.There was very-low-quality evidence in four very long-term studies, that better use of hearing protection devices as part of a HLPP decreased the risk of hearing loss compared to less well used hearing protection in HLPPs (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.69). Other aspects of the HLPP such as training and education of workers or engineering controls did not show a similar effect.In three long-term CBA studies, workers in a HLPP had a statistically non-significant 1.8 dB (95% CI -0.6 to 4.2) greater hearing loss at 4 kHz than non-exposed workers and the confidence interval includes the 4.2 dB which is the level of hearing loss resulting from 5 years of exposure to 85 dB(A). In addition, of three other CBA studies that could not be included in the meta-analysis, two showed an increased risk of hearing loss in spite of the protection of a HLPP compared to non-exposed workers and one CBA did not. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is very low-quality evidence that implementation of stricter legislation can reduce noise levels in workplaces. Controlled studies of other engineering control interventions in the field have not been conducted. There is moderate-quality evidence that training of proper insertion of earplugs significantly reduces noise exposure at short-term follow-up but long-term follow-up is still needed.There is very low-quality evidence that the better use of hearing protection devices as part of HLPPs reduces the risk of hearing loss, whereas for other programme components of HLPPs we did not find such an effect. The absence of conclusive evidence should not be interpreted as evidence of lack of effectiveness. Rather, it means that further research is very likely to have an important impact. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Dispositivos de Proteção das Orelhas Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/prevenção & controle Ruído Ocupacional/prevenção & controle Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Audiometria Minas de Carvão/legislação & jurisprudência Estudos Controlados Antes e Depois Engenharia/métodos Educação em Saúde/normas Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/diagnóstico Seres Humanos Ruído Ocupacional/efeitos adversos Ruído Ocupacional/legislação & jurisprudência Doenças Profissionais/diagnóstico Doenças Profissionais/etiologia Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; META-ANALYSIS; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; REVIEW [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170912 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170912 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170708 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006396.pub4

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[PMID]: 28651508 [Au] Autor: Litton E; Elliott R; Ferrier J; Webb SAR [Ad] Endereço: St John of God Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia. ed_litton@hotmail.com. [Ti] Título: Quality sleep using earplugs in the intensive care unit: the QUIET pilot randomised controlled trial. [So] Source: Crit Care Resusc;19(2):128-133, 2017 Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1441-2772 [Cp] País de publicação: Australia [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of a definitive, randomised controlled trial of earplugs as a noise-abatement strategy to improve sleep and reduce delirium in patients admitted to the intensive care unit. DESIGN AND SETTING: An open-label trial of 40 patients randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive earplugs in addition to standard care, or standard care alone, conducted in a 10-bed ICU of a large, private hospital in Perth, Western Australia. PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION: Patients were eligible for participation if they were expected to be undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV) on admission to the ICU. Patients assigned to receive earplugs had earplugs placed on admission to the ICU and were offered earplug placement between 10 pm and 6 am for the first night in the ICU once they were extubated. Earplugs were not provided for patients assigned to standard care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The primary outcome of study feasibility was assessed using criteria for acceptability of the intervention and protocol compliance. RESULTS: Of the 20 participants randomised to receive earplugs, 19 had earplugs placed within 6 hours of ICU admission, corresponding to 76% of the MV time (mean time with earplugs, 7.5 hours [SD, 5.3 hours]). Earplugs were placed for 18 of 20 participants during their first full night after extubation, corresponding to 78% of the total overnight time (mean time with earplugs, 6.2 hours [SD, 2.5 hours]). CONCLUSION: A definitive study of earplugs as a noiseabatement strategy for patients admitted to the ICU is feasible on the basis of participant acceptability of the intervention and protocol compliance. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12615001125516. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Dispositivos de Proteção das Orelhas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Privação do Sono/prevenção & controle [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Idoso Delírio/prevenção & controle Feminino Seres Humanos Masculino Meia-Idade Ruído/efeitos adversos Ruído/prevenção & controle Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde Satisfação do Paciente Projetos Piloto [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170901 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170901 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170628 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28601814 [Au] Autor: Bongers S; Slottje P; Kromhout H [Ad] Endereço: Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Ti] Título: Hearing loss associated with repeated MRI acquisition procedure-related acoustic noise exposure: an occupational cohort study. [So] Source: Occup Environ Med;74(11):776-784, 2017 Nov. [Is] ISSN: 1470-7926 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of repeated exposure to MRI-related acoustic noise during image acquisition procedures (scans) on hearing. METHODS: A retrospective occupational cohort study was performed among workers of an MRI manufacturing facility (n=474). Longitudinal audiometry data from the facility's medical surveillance scheme collected from 1973 to 2010 were analysed by studying the association of cumulative exposure to MRI-related acoustic noise from voluntary (multiple) MRI scans and the hearing threshold of the volunteer. RESULTS: Repeated acoustic noise exposure during volunteer MRI scans was found to be associated with a small exposure-dependent increased rate change of hearing threshold level (dB/year), but the association was only found related to the number of voluntary MRI scans and not to modelled cumulative noise exposure (dB*hour) based on MRI-system type. The increased rate change of hearing threshold level was found to be statistically significant for the frequencies 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 Hz in the right ear. CONCLUSIONS: From our longitudinal cohort study, it appeared that exposure to noise from voluntarily MRI scans may have resulted in a slight amount of hearing loss. Mandatory use of hearing protection might have prevented more severe hearing loss. Lack of consistency in findings between the left and right ears and between the two exposure measures prohibits definitive conclusions. Further research that addresses the study's methodological limitations is warranted to corroborate our findings. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Limiar Auditivo Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/etiologia Audição Imagem por Ressonância Magnética Ruído Ocupacional Doenças Profissionais/etiologia Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adolescente Adulto Audiometria Estudos de Coortes Orelha Dispositivos de Proteção das Orelhas Feminino Seres Humanos Masculino Indústria Manufatureira Meia-Idade Estudos Retrospectivos Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1711 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171102 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171102 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170612 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2016-103750

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[PMID]: 28583502 [Au] Autor: Khalesi N; Khosravi N; Ranjbar A; Godarzi Z; Karimi A [Ad] Endereço: Ali Asghar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: nasrinkhalessi@yahoo.com. [Ti] Título: The effectiveness of earmuffs on the physiologic and behavioral stability in preterm infants. [So] Source: Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol;98:43-47, 2017 Jul. [Is] ISSN: 1872-8464 [Cp] País de publicação: Ireland [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: The use of earmuffs can protect preterm infants against negative effects of high noise levels in the neonatal intensive care unit. This study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the earmuffs on the physiologic and behavioral responses in preterm infants. METHODS: A crossed over controlled trial was conducted at Aliasghar Hospital (Tehran, Iran) in 2014. Thirty-six preterm infants cared in closed incubators, 18 cases wore a pair of silicon earmuffs in the first day and the others were worn it at the second day. During 2 consecutive days, all subjects were observed as their own controls (without earmuffs). Physiologic (body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic, diastolic pressures, arterial Oxygen Saturation) and behavioral responses (according to the Anderson behavioral state scoring system) were assessed every 2 h for 8 h long during daytime for two consecutive days. RESULTS: The application of earmuffs could decrease the rate of the heart and respiratory while could increase the amount of oxygen saturation (p < 0.05). The results also showed that the preterm infants with earmuffs had lower ABSS score and a better light sleep compared to those without earmuffs (2.38 ± 0.47 versus 4.8 ± 0.97, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results indicated that using the earmuffs reduces the level of noise in NICUs following by improving the preterm neonates' physiological stability and behavioral states of ABSS. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Dispositivos de Proteção das Orelhas Comportamento do Lactente/fisiologia Ruído [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Estudos Cross-Over Feminino Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia Seres Humanos Lactente Recém-Nascido Recém-Nascido Prematuro/fisiologia Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal Irã (Geográfico) Masculino Oximetria Taxa Respiratória/fisiologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: CLINICAL TRIAL; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170907 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170907 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170607 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28562289 [Au] Autor: Steele DW; Adam GP; Di M; Halladay CW; Balk EM; Trikalinos TA [Ad] Endereço: Evidence-Based Practice Center, Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health, and dale_steele@brown.edu. [Ti] Título: Prevention and Treatment of Tympanostomy Tube Otorrhea: A Meta-analysis. [So] Source: Pediatrics;139(6), 2017 Jun. [Is] ISSN: 1098-4275 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: CONTEXT: Children with tympanostomy tubes often develop ear discharge. OBJECTIVE: Synthesize evidence about the need for water precautions (ear plugs or swimming avoidance) and effectiveness of topical versus oral antibiotic treatment of otorrhea in children with tympanostomy tubes. DATA SOURCES: Searches in Medline, the Cochrane Central Trials Registry and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Excerpta Medica Database, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. STUDY SELECTION: Abstracts and full-text articles independently screened by 2 investigators. DATA EXTRACTION: 25 articles were included. RESULTS: One randomized controlled trial (RCT) in children assigned to use ear plugs versus no precautions reported an odds ratio (OR) of 0.68 (95% confidence interval, 0.37-1.25) for >1 episode of otorrhea. Another RCT reported an OR of 0.71 (95% confidence interval, 0.29-1.76) for nonswimmers versus swimmers. Network meta-analyses suggest that, relative to oral antibiotics, topical antibiotic-glucocorticoid drops were more effective: OR 5.3 (95% credible interval, 1.2-27). The OR for antibiotic-only drops was 3.3 (95% credible interval, 0.74-16). Overall, the topical antibiotic-glucocorticoid and antibiotic-only preparations have the highest probabilities, 0.77 and 0.22 respectively, of being the most effective therapies. LIMITATIONS: Sparse randomized evidence (2 RCTs) and high risk of bias for nonrandomized comparative studies evaluating water precautions. Otorrhea treatments include non-US Food and Drug Administration approved, off-label, and potentially ototoxic antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: No compelling evidence of a need for water precautions exists. Cure rates are higher for topical drops than oral antibiotics. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Otopatias/prevenção & controle Dispositivos de Proteção das Orelhas Ventilação da Orelha Média Natação [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Banhos Criança Seres Humanos Otite Média com Derrame/prevenção & controle Água [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; META-ANALYSIS; REVIEW [Nm] Nome de substância: 059QF0KO0R (Water) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170907 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170907 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: AIM; IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170601 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28512363 [Au] Autor: Kozlowski E; Mlynski R [Ad] Endereço: Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy - Panstwowy Instytut Badawczy / Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute, Warszawa, Poland (Zaklad Zagrozen Wibroakustycznych / Department of Vibroacoustic Hazards). emkoz@ciop.pl. [Ti] Título: [Attenuation of earmuffs used simultaneously with respiratory protective devices]. [Ti] Título: Tlumienie dzwieku nauszników przeciwhalasowych stosowanych jednoczesnie ze sprzetem ochrony ukladu oddechowego.. [So] Source: Med Pr;68(3):349-361, 2017 May 16. [Is] ISSN: 0465-5893 [Cp] País de publicação: Poland [La] Idioma: pol [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: In the work environment, apart from the noise, employees may be exposed to other harmful factors. Therefore, they wear hearing protectors and other personal protective equipment. The aim of the study was to determine whether simultaneous use of earmuffs and respiratory protective devices affects the attenuation of earmuffs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted in laboratory conditions using the subjective REAT (Real Ear Attenuation at Threshold) and objective MIRE (Microphone in Real Ear) methods. The REAT method was used to measure sound attenuation of earmuffs, while MIRE was used to determine changes in attenuation of earmuffs due to the use of other personal protective equipment. RESULTS: The study showed reduction in attenuation of earmuffs due to the use of a full face mask up to 20 dB. Using a full face mask causes that attenuation of earmuffs in the low frequency range is close to zero. Reduction in attenuation due to the use of half masks for complete with particle filters (half masks) is 3-15 dB. Simultaneous use of earmuffs and filtering half masks makes small changes in attenuation not exceeding 3 dB. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that full face masks give the greatest reduction in attenuation of earmuffs. On the other hand, the least reduction is observed in the case of filtering half masks. There is a significant difference between the reduction in attenuation of earmuffs worn with half masks for complete with particle filters because they may be equipped with different kind of the head strap. Med Pr 2017;68(3):349-361. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Dispositivos de Proteção das Orelhas Eficiência Ruído Ocupacional/prevenção & controle Dispositivos de Proteção Respiratória Local de Trabalho [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Feminino Seres Humanos Masculino Meia-Idade [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170922 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170922 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170518 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28489444 [Au] Autor: Imam L; Hannan SA [Ad] Endereço: Medical Student, University College London, London WC1E 6BT. [Ti] Título: Noise-induced hearing loss: a modern epidemic? [So] Source: Br J Hosp Med (Lond);78(5):286-290, 2017 May 02. [Is] ISSN: 1750-8460 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Hearing loss is an increasingly common problem in the UK, and noise-induced hearing loss is the second most common acquired cause. There is a greater burden on the younger population, as recreational noise exposure is an important contributor. New damaging hearing behaviours have emerged including loud music exposure at concerts, nightclubs and via personal music players. The mechanism of damage is thought to involve many diverse pathways, which include oxidative damage, mechanical shearing forces and glutamate excitotoxicity. Although no current treatment exists to reverse the damage caused, these pathways can be targeted by agents that are being trialled for use in post-exposure treatment and prevention, with conflicting results. Other preventative strategies are important in addressing damaging hearing behaviours, including 'safe listening' promotion with advocacy materials for young adults, and promoting safe listening devices. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Dispositivos de Proteção das Orelhas Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/epidemiologia Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/prevenção & controle Música [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Educação em Saúde Testes Auditivos Seres Humanos Estresse Oxidativo Reino Unido/epidemiologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Em] Mês de entrada: 1707 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170717 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170717 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170511 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2017.78.5.286

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[PMID]: 28301677 [Au] Autor: Bhatt JM; Lin HW; Bhattacharyya N [Ad] Endereço: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A. [Ti] Título: Epidemiology of firearm and other noise exposures in the United States. [So] Source: Laryngoscope;127(10):E340-E346, 2017 Oct. [Is] ISSN: 1531-4995 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVE: Identify contemporary noise exposures and hearing protection use among adults. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of national health survey. METHODS: Adult respondents in the 2014 National Health Interview Series hearing survey module were analyzed. Potentially harmful exposures to occupational and recreational noises in the past 12 months were extracted and quantified. Patterns of hearing protection use also were analyzed. RESULTS: Among 239.7 million adults, "loud" and "very loud" occupational noise exposures were reported by 5.3% and 21.7%, respectively. Of those exposed to "loud" or "very loud" sounds at work, only 18.7% and 43.6%, respectively, always used hearing protection. A total of 38.2% (1.9 million) of those with "very loud" occupational exposures never used hearing protection. Frequent (> 10/year) "loud" and "very loud" recreational noise exposures were reported by 13.9% and 21.1%, respectively, most commonly to lawn mowers (72.6% and 55.2%, respectively). When exposed to recreational "loud/very loud" noise, only 11.4% always used hearing protection, whereas 62.3% (6.3 million) never used any protection. Lifetime exposure to firearm noise was reported by 36.6% of adults, 11.5% of whom had used firearms in the prior 12 months. Of those, only 58.5% always used hearing protection, whereas 21.4% (7.4 million) never used hearing protection. CONCLUSION: Substantial noise exposures with potentially serious long-term hearing health consequences frequently are occurring in occupational and recreational settings, and with the use of firearms. Only a minority of those exposed consistently are using hearing protection. Healthcare providers should actively identify and encourage the use of hearing protection with those patients at risk. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 127:E340-E346, 2017. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Dispositivos de Proteção das Orelhas/utilização Armas de Fogo Ruído Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos Exposição Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Estudos Transversais Feminino Inquéritos Epidemiológicos Seres Humanos Masculino Inquéritos e Questionários Estados Unidos/epidemiologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170929 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170929 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170317 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1002/lary.26540

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[PMID]: 28164934 [Au] Autor: Degeest S; Clays E; Corthals P; Keppler H [Ad] Endereço: Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Health and Social Work, University College Ghent, Ghent, Belgium. [Ti] Título: Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Leisure Noise-Induced Hearing Damage in Flemish Young Adults. [So] Source: Noise Health;19(86):10-19, 2017 Jan-Feb. [Is] ISSN: 1463-1741 [Cp] País de publicação: India [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: CONTEXT: Young people regularly expose themselves to leisure noise and are at risk for acquiring hearing damage. AIMS: The objective of this study was to compare young adults' hearing status in relation to sociodemographic variables, leisure noise exposure and attitudes and beliefs towards noise. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A self-administered questionnaire regarding hearing, the amount of leisure noise exposure and attitudes towards noise and hearing protection as well as an audiological test battery were completed. Five hundred and seventeen subjects between 18 and 30 years were included. SUBJECT AND METHODS: Hearing was evaluated using conventional audiometry, transient evoked and distortion product otoacoustic emissions. On the basis of their hearing status, participants were categorised into normal hearing, sub-clinical or clinical hearing loss. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Independent samples t-tests, chi-square tests and multiple regression models were used to evaluate the relation between groups based on hearing status, sociodemographics, leisure noise and attitudes towards noise. RESULTS: Age was significantly related to hearing status. Although, the subjects in this study frequently participated in leisure activities, no significant associations between leisure noise exposure and hearing status could be detected. No relation with subjects' attitudes or the use of hearing protection devices was found. CONCLUSIONS: This study could not demonstrate clinically significant leisure noise-induced hearing damage, which may lead to more non-protective behaviour. However, the effects of leisure noise may become noticeable over a long-term use since age was found to be related with sub-clinical hearing loss. Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of noise exposure. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/epidemiologia Atividades de Lazer [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adolescente Adulto Atitude Bélgica/epidemiologia Estudos Transversais Dispositivos de Proteção das Orelhas/utilização Feminino Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/diagnóstico Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/prevenção & controle Seres Humanos Masculino Música Prevalência Fatores de Risco Fatores Socioeconômicos Inquéritos e Questionários Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1706 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 170614 [Lr] Data última revisão: 170614 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170207 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.4103/1463-1741.199241

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