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[PMID]: 29458554 [Au] Autor: Osaka S; Okuzumi K; Koide S; Tamai K; Sato T; Tanimoto K; Tomita H; Suzuki M; Nagano Y; Shibayama K; Arakawa Y; Nagano N [Ad] Endereço: 1​Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan. [Ti] Título: Genetic shifts in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus epidemic clones and toxin gene profiles in Japan: comparative analysis among pre-epidemic, epidemic and post-epidemic phases. [So] Source: J Med Microbiol;67(3):392-399, 2018 Mar. [Is] ISSN: 1473-5644 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: PURPOSE: The decline in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolation rates has become a general observation worldwide, including Japan. We hypothesized that some genetic shift in MRSA might cause this phenomenon, and therefore we investigated the genetic profiles among MRSA clinical isolates obtained from three different epidemic phases in Japan. METHODOLOGY: A total of 353 MRSA isolates were selected from 202 medical facilities in 1990 (pre-epidemic phase), 2004 (epidemic phase) and 2016 (post-epidemic phase). Molecular typing was performed by PCR detection of 22 genes using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based ORF typing (POT) system, including an additional eight genes including small genomic islets and seven toxin genes. RESULTS: Isolates with a POT1 of score 93, identified as presumed clonal complex (pCC)5-staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type II including ST5-SCCmec type II New York/Japan clone, represented the major epidemic MRSA lineage in 1990 and 2004. In 2016, however, a marked decrease in isolates with a POT1 score of 93, along with changes in the epidemiology of toxin genes carried, was noted, where the carriers of tst genes including the tst-sec combination were markedly reduced, and those possessing the seb gene alone were markedly increased. Rather, isolates with a POT1 score of 106, including pCC1 or pCC8 among the isolates with SCCmec type IV, which often links to community-associated MRSA, were predominant. Interestingly, the pCC1 and pCC8 lineages were related to sea and tst-sec carriage, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Over time, a transition in MRSA genetic profiles from a POT1 score of 93 in 1990 and 2004 to 106 in 2014 was found in Japan. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Toxinas Bacterianas/genética Epidemias Deriva Genética Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/genética Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Antibacterianos/farmacologia Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia Exotoxinas/genética Seres Humanos Japão/epidemiologia Leucocidinas/genética Meticilina/farmacologia Resistência a Meticilina/genética Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana Tipagem Molecular Fatores de Virulência/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: COMPARATIVE STUDY; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (Bacterial Toxins); 0 (Exotoxins); 0 (Leukocidins); 0 (Virulence Factors); Q91FH1328A (Methicillin) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180308 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180308 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 180221 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000687

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[PMID]: 29342216 [Au] Autor: Narayanaswamy VP; Giatpaiboon SA; Uhrig J; Orwin P; Wiesmann W; Baker SM; Townsend SM [Ad] Endereço: Synedgen, Inc., Claremont, California, United States of America. [Ti] Título: In Vitro activity of novel glycopolymer against clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. [So] Source: PLoS One;13(1):e0191522, 2018. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is a serious threat to public health. Progress in developing new therapeutics is being outpaced by antibiotic resistance development, and alternative agents that rapidly permeabilize bacteria hold tremendous potential for treating MDR infections. A new class of glycopolymers includes polycationic poly-N (acetyl, arginyl) glucosamine (PAAG) is under development as an alternative to traditional antibiotic strategies to treat MRSA infections. This study demonstrates the antibacterial activity of PAAG against clinical isolates of methicillin and mupirocin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Multidrug-resistant S. aureus was rapidly killed by PAAG, which completely eradicated 88% (15/17) of all tested strains (6-log reduction in CFU) in ≤ 12-hours at doses that are non-toxic to mammalian cells. PAAG also sensitized all the clinical MRSA strains (17/17) to oxacillin as demonstrated by the observed reduction in the oxacillin MIC to below the antibiotic resistance breakpoint. The effect of PAAG and standard antibiotics including vancomycin, oxacillin, mupirocin and bacitracin on MRSA permeability was studied by measuring propidium iodide (PI) uptake by bacterial cells. Antimicrobial resistance studies showed that S. aureus developed resistance to PAAG at a rate slower than to mupirocin but similar to bacitracin. PAAG was observed to resensitize drug-resistant S. aureus strains sampled from passage 13 and 20 of the multi-passage resistance study, reducing MICs of mupirocin and bacitracin below their clinical sensitivity breakpoints. This class of bacterial permeabilizing glycopolymers may provide a new tool in the battle against multidrug-resistant bacteria. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antibacterianos/farmacologia Glucosamina/análogos & derivados Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos Polímeros/farmacologia Polissacarídeos/farmacologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Antibacterianos/química Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla Glucosamina/química Glucosamina/farmacologia Glicosídeos Seres Humanos Técnicas In Vitro Resistência a Meticilina Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/metabolismo Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana Mupirocina/farmacologia Permeabilidade/efeitos dos fármacos Polímeros/química Polissacarídeos/química Propídio/farmacocinética Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (Glycosides); 0 (Polymers); 0 (Polysaccharides); 0 (pinocembrin 7-O-apiosyl(1-5)apiosyl(1-2)glucopyranoside); 0 (poly-N (acetyl, arginyl)glucosamine); 36015-30-2 (Propidium); D0GX863OA5 (Mupirocin); N08U5BOQ1K (Glucosamine) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1803 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180302 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180302 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 180118 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191522

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[PMID]: 28469994 [Au] Autor: Li T; Lu H; Wang X; Gao Q; Dai Y; Shang J; Li M [Ad] Endereço: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China. [Ti] Título: Molecular Characteristics of Causing Bovine Mastitis between 2014 and 2015. [So] Source: Front Cell Infect Microbiol;7:127, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 2235-2988 [Cp] País de publicação: Switzerland [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: is highly pathogenic and can cause diseases in both humans and domestic animals. In animal species, including ruminants, may cause severe or sub-clinical mastitis. This study aimed to investigate the molecular profile, antimicrobial resistance, and genotype/phenotype correlation of 212 isolates recovered from cases of bovine mastitis from 2014 to 2015 in the Shanghai and Zhejiang areas of China. Nineteen sequence types (STs) were determined by multi-locus sequence typing, while the dominant ST was ST97, followed by ST520, ST188, ST398, ST7, and ST9. Within 14 methicillin-resistant (MRSA) isolates and 198 methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) isolates, ST97 was the predominant MSSA clone and ST9-MRSA-SCCmecXII-spa t899 was the most common MRSA clone. The MRSA strains showed much higher rates of resistance to multiple antibiotics than did MSSA strains. Compared with other MSSA strains, MSSA ST398 was more resistant to clindamycin, erythromycin, and ciprofloxacin. No isolates were resistant to vancomycin, teicoplanin, or linezolid. The molecular profiles of the virulence genes varied in different strains. ST520 strains carried seg-sei-sem-sen-seo genes, and ST9 and ST97 harbored sdrD-sdrE genes. Virulence phenotype analysis showed diversity in different clones. Biofilm formation ability was significantly enhanced in ST188 and ST7, and red blood cell lysis capacity was relatively strong in all strains of animal origin except ST7. Our results indicate that MSSA was the predominant strain causing bovine mastitis in eastern regions of China. However, the presence of multidrug resistant and toxigenic MRSA clone ST9 suggests that comprehensive surveillance of infection should be implemented in the management of animal husbandry products. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Mastite Bovina/epidemiologia Mastite Bovina/microbiologia Epidemiologia Molecular Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia Staphylococcus aureus/genética [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Antibacterianos/farmacologia Antígenos de Bactérias/genética Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana Biofilmes/crescimento & desenvolvimento Bovinos China/epidemiologia DNA Bacteriano Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla/genética Feminino Genótipo Resistência a Meticilina Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/genética Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/patogenicidade Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana Tipagem de Sequências Multilocus/métodos Proteínas de Ligação às Penicilinas/genética Fenótipo Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia Staphylococcus aureus/classificação Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação Fatores de Virulência/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (Antigens, Bacterial); 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (Penicillin-Binding Proteins); 0 (Virulence Factors); 0 (streptococcal protective antigen) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1712 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180216 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180216 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170505 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00127

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[PMID]: 28468636 [Au] Autor: Guérin F; Fines-Guyon M; Meignen P; Delente G; Fondrinier C; Bourdon N; Cattoir V; Léon A [Ad] Endereço: Université de Caen Normandie, EA 4655 (équipe "Antibio-résistance"), F-14032, Caen, France. [Ti] Título: Nationwide molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus responsible for horse infections in France. [So] Source: BMC Microbiol;17(1):104, 2017 05 03. [Is] ISSN: 1471-2180 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated in horse infections is not well documented, especially in France. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of MRSA isolates in horse infections from 2007 to 2013 in France and to characterize phenotypically and genotypically this collection. RESULTS: Out of 1393 S. aureus horse isolates, 85 (6.1%) were confirmed to be MRSA. Interestingly, the prevalence of MRSA significantly increased from 2007-2009 to 2010-2013 (0.7 vs. 9.5%, P <0.0001). Resistance to methicillin was due to the presence of the mecA gene in 84 strains (98.8%) while one strain (1.2%) possessed the mecC gene. The vast majority of the strains (83/85, 97.6%) was resistant to at least three different classes of antibiotics. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) showed that MRSA strains belonged mainly since not all belong to two sequence types (STs): ST398 (53/85, 62.4%) and ST8 (28/85, 32.9%). It is worth to note that all ST398 MRSA isolates were detected in the period 2010-2013. Other molecular typing methods were also used, such SCC analysis, spa typing and rep-PCR (Diversilab, bioMérieux). All these four techniques were in good agreement, with spa typing and rep-PCR being more discriminative than MLST and SCC typing. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first epidemiological study in France with extensive characterization of MRSA isolates associated with horse infections in stud farms. It shows that there is a significant increase of MRSA prevalence between 2007 and 2013, which mainly results from the spread of ST398 clones. It also highlights the importance of horses as a potential reservoir of important antimicrobial resistance genes. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Doenças dos Cavalos/epidemiologia Doenças dos Cavalos/microbiologia Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/genética Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação Epidemiologia Molecular Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia Infecções Estafilocócicas/veterinária [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Antibacterianos/farmacologia França/epidemiologia Genes Bacterianos/genética Genótipo Cavalos Meticilina/farmacologia Resistência a Meticilina/genética Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/patogenicidade Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana Tipagem de Sequências Multilocus/métodos Tipagem de Sequências Multilocus/veterinária Fenótipo Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária Prevalência Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); Q91FH1328A (Methicillin) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1712 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171220 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171220 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170505 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0924-z

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[PMID]: 28748772 [Au] Autor: Le J; Dam Q; Tran T; Nguyen A; Adler-Shohet FC; Kim S; Schmidt K; Lieberman JM; Bradley JS [Ad] Endereço: University of California San Diego,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,La Jolla,CA,USA. [Ti] Título: Epidemiology and hospital readmission associated with complications of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in pediatrics over a 25-year period. [So] Source: Epidemiol Infect;145(12):2631-2639, 2017 09. [Is] ISSN: 1469-4409 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: We sought to comprehensively assess the prevalence and outcomes of complications associated with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) in children. Secondarily, prevalence of methicillin resistance and outcomes of complications from methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) vs. methicillin-susceptible S. aureus SAB were assessed. This is a single-center cross-sectional study of 376 patients ⩽18 years old with SAB in 1990-2014. Overall, 197 (52%) patients experienced complications, the most common being osteomyelitis (33%), skin and soft tissue infection (31%), and pneumonia (25%). Patients with complications were older (median 3 vs. 0·7 years, P = 0·05) and more had community-associated SAB (66% vs. 34%, P = 0·001). Fewer patients with complications had a SAB-related emergency department or hospital readmission (10% vs. 19%, P = 0·014). Prevalence of methicillin resistance increased from 1990-1999 to 2000-2009, but decreased in 2010-2014. Complicated MRSA bacteremia resulted in more intensive care unit admissions (66% vs. 47%, P = 0·03) and led to increased likelihood of having ⩾2 foci (58% vs. 26%, P < 0·001). From multivariate analysis, community-associated SAB increased risk and concurrent infections decreased risk of complications (odds ratio (OR) 1·82 (1·1-3·02), P = 0·021) and (OR 0·58 (0·34-0·97), P = 0·038), respectively. In conclusion, children with SAB should be carefully evaluated for complications. Methicillin resistance remains associated with poor outcomes but have decreased in overall prevalence. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Bacteriemia/epidemiologia Resistência a Meticilina Readmissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia Staphylococcus aureus/fisiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adolescente Bacteriemia/microbiologia California/epidemiologia Criança Pré-Escolar Estudos Transversais Feminino Seres Humanos Incidência Lactente Recém-Nascido Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/utilização Masculino Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/fisiologia Prevalência Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Em] Mês de entrada: 1708 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171125 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171125 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170728 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1017/S0950268817001571

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[PMID]: 28926634 [Au] Autor: Cirkovic I; Trajkovic J; Hauschild T; Andersen PS; Shittu A; Larsen AR [Ad] Endereço: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. [Ti] Título: Nasal and pharyngeal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus sciuri among hospitalised patients and healthcare workers in a Serbian university hospital. [So] Source: PLoS One;12(9):e0185181, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: There has been a paucity of data on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus sciuri (MRSS) epidemiology in European healthcare settings. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of nasal and pharyngeal carriage and diversity of MRSS among inpatients and healthcare workers (HCWs) in the largest healthcare centre in Serbia, and to assess performance of different methods for MRSS screening. Nasal and pharyngeal swabs were obtained from 195 patients and 105 HCWs in different departments. Each swab was inoculated directly onto MRSA-ID, oxacillin-resistance screening agar and mannitol salt agar (MSA) with 2 mg/L of oxacillin. After inoculation, each swab was dipped in Mueller-Hinton broth with 6.5% NaCl and after overnight incubation, subcultured onto oxacillin-MSA. Characterisation of isolated MRSS strains was determined by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, PFGE, SCCmec typing and antimicrobial resistance genes detection. MRSS nasal and pharyngeal carriage rate was high (5%) in our hospital and department-variable. PFGE revealed a possible cross-transmission of MRSS between a patient and an HCW, and dissemination across hospital wards. All analysed isolates were multidrug resistant. Fusidic acid resistance was discovered in 93.7% of isolates, but fusA mutations in EF-G and fusB/C genes were not detected. SCCmec regions of MRSS contained elements of classic methicillin-resistant S. aureus type III. Broth enrichment prior to isolation on oxacillin-MSA was superior to direct cultivation on different media with a sensitivity/specificity of 100% and 88.5%, respectively. MRSS is a significant coloniser of patients and HCWs in the hospital. Further research is needed to investigate the clinical significance of the bacterium in our settings. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Resistência a Meticilina/genética Cavidade Nasal/microbiologia Faringe/microbiologia Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia Staphylococcus/isolamento & purificação [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Idoso Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais Proteínas de Bactérias/genética Portador Sadio/microbiologia Pessoal de Saúde Hospitais Universitários Seres Humanos Resistência a Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana Meia-Idade Oxacilina/farmacologia Sérvia Infecções Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico Staphylococcus/efeitos dos fármacos Staphylococcus/genética Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Bacterial Proteins); UH95VD7V76 (Oxacillin) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171020 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171020 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170920 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185181

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[PMID]: 28859149 [Au] Autor: Seng R; Kitti T; Thummeepak R; Kongthai P; Leungtongkam U; Wannalerdsakun S; Sitthisak S [Ad] Endereço: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand. [Ti] Título: Biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) isolated from community and hospital environments. [So] Source: PLoS One;12(8):e0184172, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) are the major cause of infectious diseases because of their potential ability to form biofilm and colonize the community or hospital environments. This study was designed to investigate the biofilm producing ability, and the presence of mecA, icaAD, bap and fnbA genes in MR-CoNS isolates. The MR-CoNS used in this study were isolated from various samples of community environment and five wards of hospital environments, using mannitol salt agar (MSA) supplemented with 4 µg/ml of oxacillin. The specie level of Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis and Staphylococcus warneri was identified by specific primers of groESL (S. haemolyticus), rdr (S. epidermidis) and nuc (S. hominis and S. warneri). The remainder isolates were identified by tuf gene sequencing. Biofilm production was determined using Congo red agar (CRA) and Microtiter plate (MTP) assay. The mecA and biofilm associated genes (icaAD, fnbA and bap) were detected using PCR method. From the 558 samples from community and hospital environments, 292 MR-CoNS were isolated (41 from community environments, and 251 from hospital environments). S. haemolyticus (41.1%) and S. epidermidis (30.1%) were the predominant species in this study. Biofilm production was detected in 265 (90.7%) isolates by CRA, and 260 (88.6%) isolates were detected by MTP assay. The staphylococci isolates derived from hospital environments were more associated with biofilm production than the community-derived isolates. Overall, the icaAD and bap genes were detected in 74 (29.5%) and 14 (5.6%) of all isolates from hospital environments. When tested by MTP, the icaAD gene from hospital environment isolates was associated with biofilm biomass. No association was found between bap gene and biofilm formation. The MR-CoNS isolates obtained from community environments did not harbor the icaAD and bap genes. Conversely, fnbA gene presented in MR-CoNS isolated from both community and hospital environments. The high prevalence of biofilm producing MR-CoNS strains demonstrated in this study indicates the persisting ability in environments, and is useful in developing prevention strategies countering the spread of MR-CoNS. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Biofilmes/crescimento & desenvolvimento Infecção Hospitalar/genética Resistência a Meticilina/genética Infecções Estafilocócicas/genética [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Proteínas de Bactérias/genética Coagulase/genética Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia Seres Humanos Oxacilina/administração & dosagem Proteínas de Ligação às Penicilinas/genética Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia Staphylococcus epidermidis/genética Staphylococcus epidermidis/crescimento & desenvolvimento Staphylococcus haemolyticus/genética Staphylococcus haemolyticus/crescimento & desenvolvimento Staphylococcus hominis/genética Staphylococcus hominis/crescimento & desenvolvimento [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Bacterial Proteins); 0 (Bap protein, Staphylococcus aureus); 0 (Coagulase); 0 (Penicillin-Binding Proteins); 0 (mecA protein, Staphylococcus aureus); UH95VD7V76 (Oxacillin) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171011 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171011 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170901 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184172

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[PMID]: 28803587 [Au] Autor: Macmorran E; Harch S; Athan E; Lane S; Tong S; Crawford L; Krishnaswamy S; Hewagama S [Ad] Endereço: Alice Springs Hospital,Northern Territory,Australia. [Ti] Título: The rise of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: now the dominant cause of skin and soft tissue infection in Central Australia. [So] Source: Epidemiol Infect;145(13):2817-2826, 2017 10. [Is] ISSN: 1469-4409 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: This study aimed to examine the epidemiology and treatment outcomes of community-onset purulent staphylococcal skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) in Central Australia. We performed a prospective observational study of patients hospitalised with community-onset purulent staphylococcal SSTI (n = 160). Indigenous patients accounted for 78% of cases. Patients were predominantly young adults; however, there were high rates of co-morbid disease. Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) was the dominant phenotype, accounting for 60% of cases. Hospitalisation during the preceding 6 months, and haemodialysis dependence were significant predictors of CA-MRSA infection on univariate analysis. Clinical presentation and treatment outcomes were found to be comparable for methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant cases. All MRSA isolates were characterised as non-multi-resistant, with this term used interchangeably with CA-MRSA in this analysis. We did not find an association between receipt of an active antimicrobial agent within the first 48 h, and progression of infection; need for further surgical debridement; unplanned General Practitioner or hospital re-presentation; or need for further antibiotics. At least one adverse outcome was experienced by 39% of patients. Clindamycin resistance was common, while rates of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance were low. This study suggested the possibility of healthcare-associated transmission of CA-MRSA. This is the first Australian report of CA-MRSA superseding MSSA as the cause of community onset staphylococcal SSTI. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antibacterianos/farmacologia Resistência a Meticilina Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos Infecções dos Tecidos Moles/terapia Infecções Estafilocócicas/terapia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adolescente Adulto Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/epidemiologia Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/microbiologia Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/terapia Feminino Seres Humanos Masculino Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/fisiologia Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana Meia-Idade Northern Territory/epidemiologia Infecções dos Tecidos Moles/epidemiologia Infecções dos Tecidos Moles/microbiologia Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia Infecções Cutâneas Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia Infecções Cutâneas Estafilocócicas/microbiologia Infecções Cutâneas Estafilocócicas/terapia Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1709 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171125 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171125 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170815 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1017/S0950268817001716

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[PMID]: 28797064 [Au] Autor: Mohammad H; Younis W; Ezzat HG; Peters CE; AbdelKhalek A; Cooper B; Pogliano K; Pogliano J; Mayhoub AS; Seleem MN [Ad] Endereço: Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America. [Ti] Título: Bacteriological profiling of diphenylureas as a novel class of antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. [So] Source: PLoS One;12(8):e0182821, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics remains an imposing global public health challenge. Of the most serious pathogens, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is problematic given strains have emerged that exhibit resistance to several antibiotic classes including ß-lactams and agents of last resort such as vancomycin. New antibacterial agents composed of unique chemical scaffolds are needed to counter this public health challenge. The present study examines two synthetic diphenylurea compounds 1 and 2 that inhibit growth of clinically-relevant isolates of MRSA at concentrations as low as 4 µg/mL and are non-toxic to human colorectal cells at concentrations up to 128 µg/mL. Both compounds exhibit rapid bactericidal activity, completely eliminating a high inoculum of MRSA within four hours. MRSA mutants exhibiting resistance to 1 and 2 could not be isolated, indicating a low likelihood of rapid resistance emerging to these compounds. Bacterial cytological profiling revealed the diphenylureas exert their antibacterial activity by targeting bacterial cell wall synthesis. Both compounds demonstrate the ability to resensitize vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to the effect of vancomycin. The present study lays the foundation for further investigation and development of diphenylurea compounds as a new class of antibacterial agents. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antibacterianos/farmacologia Carbanilidas/farmacologia Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico Carbanilidas/uso terapêutico Seres Humanos Meticilina/farmacologia Meticilina/uso terapêutico Resistência a Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana Vancomicina/farmacologia Vancomicina/uso terapêutico [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (Carbanilides); 6Q205EH1VU (Vancomycin); Q91FH1328A (Methicillin) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171009 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171009 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170811 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182821

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MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28738906 [Au] Autor: Otto M [Ad] Endereço: Pathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA. motto@niaid.nih.gov. [Ti] Título: Next-generation sequencing to monitor the spread of antimicrobial resistance. [So] Source: Genome Med;9(1):68, 2017 07 25. [Is] ISSN: 1756-994X [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Next-generation sequencing is increasingly being used to monitor current and historic events related to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. In a recent publication, researchers analyzed the rise of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the 1960s, emphasizing that adaptations conferring antibiotic resistance might pre-date the introduction of novel antibiotic derivatives. Other researchers have evaluated the role of transmission within a healthcare network, using the example of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-resistant Escherichia coli.Please see related Genome Biology Research article: www.dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-017-1252-9 and Genome Medicine Research article: www.dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13073-017-0457-6. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Antibacterianos Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Farmacorresistência Bacteriana/efeitos dos fármacos Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala Seres Humanos Resistência a Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos Infecções Estafilocócicas Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos beta-Lactamases/genética [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; COMMENT [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171031 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171031 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170726 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1186/s13073-017-0461-x

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