Base de dados : MEDLINE Pesquisa : H01.158 [Categoria DeCS] Referências encontradas : 2266 [refinar] Mostrando: 1 .. 10   no formato [Detalhado]

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[PMID]: 29326256 [Au] Autor: Kupferschmidt K [Ad] Endereço: Cambridge, U.K. [Ti] Título: Taming the monsters of tomorrow. [So] Source: Science;359(6372):152-155, 2018 Jan 12. [Is] ISSN: 1095-9203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Inteligência Artificial Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas Ciência Tecnologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Seres Humanos Filosofia Risco [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1802 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180207 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180207 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 180113 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1126/science.359.6372.152

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[PMID]: 29284031 [Au] Autor: Hubbard KE; Dunbar SD [Ad] Endereço: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. [Ti] Título: Perceptions of scientific research literature and strategies for reading papers depend on academic career stage. [So] Source: PLoS One;12(12):e0189753, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Reading primary research literature is an essential skill for all scientists and students on science degree programmes, however little is known about how researchers at different career stages interact with and interpret scientific papers. To explore this, we conducted a survey of 260 undergraduate students and researchers in Biological Sciences at a research intensive UK university. Responses to Likert scale questions demonstrated increases in confidence and skill with reading the literature between individuals at each career stage, including between postdoctoral researchers and faculty academics. The survey indicated that individuals at different career stages valued different sections of scientific papers, and skill in reading the results section develops slowly over the course of an academic career. Inexperienced readers found the methods and results sections of research papers the most difficult to read, and undervalued the importance of the results section and critical interpretation of data. These data highlight a need for structured support with reading scientific literature at multiple career stages, and for senior academics to be aware that junior colleagues may prioritise their reading differently. We propose a model for the development of literature processing skills, and consider the need for training strategies to help inexperienced readers engage with primary literature, and therefore develop important skills that underpin scientific careers. We also encourage researchers to be mindful of language used when writing papers, and to be more inclusive of diverse audiences when disseminating their work. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas/educação Percepção Leitura Estudantes [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas/recursos humanos Seres Humanos Competência Profissional Reino Unido [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180129 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180129 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171229 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189753

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[PMID]: 29244826 [Au] Autor: Baldow C; Salentin S; Schroeder M; Roeder I; Glauche I [Ad] Endereço: Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. [Ti] Título: MAGPIE: Simplifying access and execution of computational models in the life sciences. [So] Source: PLoS Comput Biol;13(12):e1005898, 2017 12. [Is] ISSN: 1553-7358 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Over the past decades, quantitative methods linking theory and observation became increasingly important in many areas of life science. Subsequently, a large number of mathematical and computational models has been developed. The BioModels database alone lists more than 140,000 Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML) models. However, while the exchange within specific model classes has been supported by standardisation and database efforts, the generic application and especially the re-use of models is still limited by practical issues such as easy and straight forward model execution. MAGPIE, a Modeling and Analysis Generic Platform with Integrated Evaluation, closes this gap by providing a software platform for both, publishing and executing computational models without restrictions on the programming language, thereby combining a maximum on flexibility for programmers with easy handling for non-technical users. MAGPIE goes beyond classical SBML platforms by including all models, independent of the underlying programming language, ranging from simple script models to complex data integration and computations. We demonstrate the versatility of MAGPIE using four prototypic example cases. We also outline the potential of MAGPIE to improve transparency and reproducibility of computational models in life sciences. A demo server is available at magpie.imb.medizin.tu-dresden.de. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas/estatística & dados numéricos Modelos Biológicos Software [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Biologia Computacional Simulação por Computador Seres Humanos Modelos Estatísticos Linguagens de Programação Reprodutibilidade dos Testes Biologia de Sistemas [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180123 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180123 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171216 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005898

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[PMID]: 29251435 [Au] Autor: Chenette EJ [Ad] Endereço: The FEBS Journal Editorial Office, Cambridge, UK. [Ti] Título: Announcing the winners of our 50th Anniversary Science Communication Competition. [So] Source: FEBS J;284(24):4172-4173, 2017 Dec. [Is] ISSN: 1742-4658 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: The FEBS Journal is pleased to announce the three winners of its 50th Anniversary Science Communication Competition. Read on to see their prize-winning entries! [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Distinções e Prêmios Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas/história Sociedades Científicas [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Recursos Audiovisuais Europa (Continente) História do Século XXI México Biologia Molecular/história Filmes Cinematográficos Neurociências/história Pôsteres como Assunto Singapura [Pt] Tipo de publicação: BIOGRAPHY; EDITORIAL; HISTORICAL ARTICLE [Ps] Nome de pessoa como assunto: Fong A; Estrada-Rivadeneyra D; Mitheera V [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180115 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180115 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171219 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1111/febs.14329

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[PMID]: 29242335 [Au] Autor: Blank R; Daniels RJ; Gilliland G; Gutmann A; Hawgood S; Hrabowski FA; Pollack ME; Price V; Reif LR; Schlissel MS [Ad] Endereço: Chancellor, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. [Ti] Título: A new data effort to inform career choices in biomedicine. [So] Source: Science;358(6369):1388-1389, 2017 Dec 15. [Is] ISSN: 1095-9203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas/recursos humanos Pesquisa Biomédica/recursos humanos Escolha da Profissão [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Estados Unidos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180115 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180115 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171216 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1126/science.aar4638

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[PMID]: 29199256 [Au] Autor: Saito N [Ad] Endereço: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University. [Ti] Título: [Synthesis, Aggregation, Self-assembly, and Dynamic Properties of Helicene Oligomers]. [So] Source: Yakugaku Zasshi;137(12):1483-1490, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1347-5231 [Cp] País de publicação: Japan [La] Idioma: jpn [Ab] Resumo: Biological systems exhibit dynamic phenomena at the macroscopic level as a result of the hierarchical integration of phenomena at the molecular level. For example, a number of amino acids compose actin proteins, which form three-dimensional structures determined by the sequence of amino acids. They form fibers by self-assembly, which then form ordered structures such as meshes, lyotropic liquid crystals (LCs), and bundles. The dynamic and reversible polymorphism between these nano- to centimeter-sized ordered structures is essential for biological functions such as cell division, contraction, and locomotion. To understand biological systems and create new functional materials, it is essential to develop a methodology to integrate phenomena at the molecular level into those at the macroscopic level using synthetic molecules. In this research, synthetic oligomers containing helicenes, which exhibit reversible structural transitions between cylindrical double helices and random coils in response to thermal stimuli, were employed as building blocks for the development of such a methodology. The properties of homo- and hetero-double helices at the molecular level were first controlled by taking advantage of the diversity of their molecular structures. Then, nano- to micrometer-sized structures were constructed by the self-assembly of hetero-double helices, which include fibers/gels, vesicles, and lyotropic LCs, and their dynamic properties were controlled by molecular design. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Fenômenos Biológicos Compostos Policíclicos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Animais Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas Biopolímeros Fenômenos Fisiológicos Celulares Química Orgânica Sequências Hélice-Alça-Hélice Seres Humanos Biologia Molecular Estrutura Molecular Nanopartículas Compostos Policíclicos/química Compostos Policíclicos/metabolismo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Nm] Nome de substância: 0 (Biopolymers); 0 (Polycyclic Compounds); 0 (helicenes) [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180112 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180112 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171205 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.17-00130

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[PMID]: 29218961 [Au] Autor: Gardner A; McCutcheon H; Fedoruk M [Ti] Título: The black and white and shades of grey of boundary violations. [So] Source: Collegian;24(1):45-51, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1322-7696 [Cp] País de publicação: Australia [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Using a Constructivist Grounded Theory approach (Charmaz, 2006), this research examined the social construct of the "professional boundary" necessary in mental health therapeutic work and the problem of professional boundary violations in the therapeutic relationship. Thirteen mental health clinicians from various professional disciplines commonly found in mental health clinical practice responded to three specific questions designed to gain an understanding about how clinicians gauge the differences between minor and serious boundary violations. The three questions facilitated further exploration of boundary violations specifically to explore the difficulties of determining what is and what is not considered a boundary violation often resulting in polarised views or "black and white" descriptions and opinions. However many shades of grey were also revealed during the interviews. Almost all participants rated intimacy or sexual contact with a client or an ex-client as being a serious boundary violation, on the other hand there was a great deal of variety in the examples offered as minor boundary violations. Whilst the "Black" is clearly defined by clinicians in this research, the "White" only seemed to create more "Grey" areas, with descriptions of behaviours that fell into the Grey area being more difficult to define. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas/educação Instrução por Computador Bacharelado em Enfermagem/métodos Avaliação Educacional/métodos Estudantes de Enfermagem/psicologia Ensino [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Feminino Seres Humanos Masculino Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: COMPARATIVE STUDY; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180105 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180105 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: N [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171209 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 28747352 [Au] Autor: Morales DX; Grineski SE; Collins TW [Ad] Endereço: Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 xdeng2@utep.edu. [Ti] Título: Increasing Research Productivity in Undergraduate Research Experiences: Exploring Predictors of Collaborative Faculty-Student Publications. [So] Source: CBE Life Sci Educ;16(3), 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1931-7913 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Little attention has been paid to understanding faculty-student productivity via undergraduate research from the faculty member's perspective. This study examines predictors of faculty-student publications resulting from mentored undergraduate research, including measures of faculty-student collaboration, faculty commitment to undergraduate students, and faculty characteristics. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze data from 468 faculty members across 13 research-intensive institutions, collected by a cross-sectional survey in 2013/2014. Results show that biomedical faculty mentors were more productive in publishing collaboratively with undergraduate students when they worked with students for more than 1 year on average, enjoyed teaching students about research, had mentored Black students, had received more funding from the National Institutes of Health, had a higher H-index scores, and had more years of experience working in higher education. This study suggests that college administrators and research program directors should strive to create incentives for faculty members to collaborate with undergraduate students and promote faculty awareness that undergraduates can contribute to their research. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Comportamento Cooperativo Docentes Publicações Pesquisa/educação Estudantes/psicologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas Estudos Transversais Seres Humanos Capital Social [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1712 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171221 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171221 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170728 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 29045500 [Au] Autor: Hara N; Chen H; Ynalvez MA [Ad] Endereço: Department of Information and Library Science, School of Informatics, Computing & Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America. [Ti] Título: Using egocentric analysis to investigate professional networks and productivity of graduate students and faculty in life sciences in Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan. [So] Source: PLoS One;12(10):e0186608, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Prior studies showed that scientists' professional networks contribute to research productivity, but little work has examined what factors predict the formation of professional networks. This study sought to 1) examine what factors predict the formation of international ties between faculty and graduate students and 2) identify how these international ties would affect publication productivity in three East Asian countries. Face-to-face surveys and in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of faculty and doctoral students in life sciences at 10 research institutions in Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan. Our final sample consisted of 290 respondents (84 faculty and 206 doctoral students) and 1,435 network members. We used egocentric social network analysis to examine the structure of international ties and how they relate to research productivity. Our findings suggest that overseas graduate training can be a key factor in graduate students' development of international ties in these countries. Those with a higher proportion of international ties in their professional networks were likely to have published more papers and written more manuscripts. For faculty, international ties did not affect the number of manuscripts written or of papers published, but did correlate with an increase in publishing in top journals. The networks we examined were identified by asking study participants with whom they discuss their research. Because the relationships may not appear in explicit co-authorship networks, these networks were not officially recorded elsewhere. This study sheds light on the relationships of these invisible support networks to researcher productivity. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas/estatística & dados numéricos Eficiência Docentes/estatística & dados numéricos Pesquisadores/estatística & dados numéricos Apoio Social Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Idoso Feminino Seres Humanos Internacionalidade Japão Modelos Logísticos Masculino Meia-Idade Análise Multinível Singapura Taiwan Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171031 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171031 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171019 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186608

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[PMID]: 28910334 [Au] Autor: Epstein N; Fischer MR [Ad] Endereço: Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany. [Ti] Título: Academic career intentions in the life sciences: Can research self-efficacy beliefs explain low numbers of aspiring physician and female scientists? [So] Source: PLoS One;12(9):e0184543, 2017. [Is] ISSN: 1932-6203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: A lack of physician scientists as well as a high female dropout rate from academic medicine and basic life sciences is a concern in many countries. The current study analyzes academic career intentions within a sample of recent doctoral graduates from medicine and basic life sciences (N = 1109), focusing on research self-efficacy beliefs as explanatory variable of gender and disciplinary differences. To ensure that differences in research self-efficacy could not be attributed solely to objective scientific performance, we controlled for number of publications and dissertation grade. The results of multivariate analyses pointed to a strong and significant association between research self-efficacy and academic career intentions (ß = 0.49, p<0.001). The lower academic career intentions of medical doctoral graduates were no longer significant when controlling for research self-efficacy. Within the field of medicine, female doctoral graduates expressed lower research self-efficacy beliefs and academic career intentions. When controlling for research self-efficacy, the correlation between gender and academic career intention was no longer significant. In contrast, no gender differences were found within the basic life sciences with respect to neither academic career intentions nor research self-efficacy. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Pesquisa Biomédica/educação Pessoal de Laboratório Médico/psicologia Médicos/psicologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas/educação Escolha da Profissão Feminino Alemanha Seres Humanos Masculino Autoeficácia [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171012 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171012 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170915 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184543

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