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[PMID]: 27776000 [Au] Autor: Oyeyemi AL; Conway TL; Adedoyin RA; Akinroye KK; Aryeetey R; Assah F; Cain KL; Gavand KA; Kasoma SS; Kolbe-Alexander TL; Lambert EV; Larouche R; Moss SJ; Ocansey R; Onywera VO; Prista A; Tremblay MS; Sallis JF [Ad] Endereço: 1Department of Physiotherapy, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, NIGERIA; 2Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, SOUTH AFRICA; 3Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA; 4Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NIGERIA; 5Nigerian Heart Foundation, Lagos, NIGERIA; 6School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon Accra, GHANA; 7Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Public Health, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, CAMEROON; 8Department of Biochemistry and Sports Science, School of Biosciences, Makerere University, Kampala, UGANDA; 9Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA; 10Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA; 11Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA; 12Active Living and Wellness Alliance Group, Nungua, GHANA; 13Department of Recreation Management and Exercise Science, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, KENYA; 14Physical Activity and Health Research Group, CIDAF-FEFF, Universidade Pedagogica, Maputo, MOZAMBIQUE; and 15Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CANADA. [Ti] Título: Construct Validity of the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale for Africa. [So] Source: Med Sci Sports Exerc;49(3):482-491, 2017 Mar. [Is] ISSN: 1530-0315 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: PURPOSE: The development of valid measures of built environments relevant for physical activity is an important step toward controlling the global epidemic of physical inactivity-related noncommunicable diseases and deaths. This study assessed the construct validity of a self-report neighborhood environment walkability scale adapted for Africa (NEWS-Africa), by examining relationships with self-reported walking for transportation and recreation using pooled data from six sub-Saharan African countries. METHODS: NEWS was systematically adapted to assess urban, periurban, and rural environments in sub-Saharan Africa. Adults (n = 469, 18-85 yr, 49.7% women) from Cameroon, Ghana, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, and Uganda were purposively recruited from neighborhoods varying in walkability and socioeconomic status, with some from villages. Participants completed the 76-item (13 subscales) NEWS-Africa by structured interview and reported weekly minutes of walking for transport and recreation using items from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. RESULTS: The overall "walkability" index had a positive relationship with both walking for transportation (η = 0.020, P = 0.005) and recreation (η = 0.013, P = 0.028) in the pooled analyses. The mixed-use access and stranger danger scales were positively related with transport walking (η = 0.020, P = 0.006 and η = 0.021, P = 0.040, respectively). Proximity of recreational facilities (η = 0.016, P = 0.015), road/path connectivity (η = 0.025, P = 0.002), path infrastructure (η = 0.021, P = 0.005), and overall places for walking and cycling (η = 0.012, P = 0.029) scales were positively related to recreational walking. Country-specific results were mostly nonsignificant except for South Africa and Uganda. CONCLUSIONS: Of 14 NEWS-Africa scales, 7 were significantly related to walking behavior in pooled analyses, providing partial support for the construct validity of NEWS-Africa. However, effect sizes appeared to be lower than those from other continents. Further study with larger and more diverse samples is needed to determine whether the instrument performs well in each country. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Planejamento Ambiental Distribuição Espacial da População Caminhada/estatística & dados numéricos [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adolescente Adulto África ao Sul do Saara/epidemiologia Idoso Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais Feminino Seres Humanos Masculino Meia-Idade Recreação Reprodutibilidade dos Testes Autorrelato Fatores Socioeconômicos Transportes/estatística & dados numéricos Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; VALIDATION STUDIES [Em] Mês de entrada: 1710 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180301 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180301 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 161025 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001131

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[PMID]: 28636489 [Au] Autor: Lee C; So JJ; Ma J [Ad] Endereço: a Virginia Transportation Research Council , Charlottesville , Virginia. [Ti] Título: Evaluation of countermeasures for red light running by traffic simulator-based surrogate safety measures. [So] Source: Traffic Inj Prev;19(1):1-8, 2018 01 02. [Is] ISSN: 1538-957X [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVE: The conflicts among motorists entering a signalized intersection with the red light indication have become a national safety issue. Because of its sensitivity, efforts have been made to investigate the possible causes and effectiveness of countermeasures using comparison sites and/or before-and-after studies. Nevertheless, these approaches are ineffective when comparison sites cannot be found, or crash data sets are not readily available or not reliable for statistical analysis. Considering the random nature of red light running (RLR) crashes, an inventive approach regardless of data availability is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of each countermeasure face to face. METHOD: The aims of this research are to (1) review erstwhile literature related to red light running and traffic safety models; (2) propose a practical methodology for evaluation of RLR countermeasures with a microscopic traffic simulation model and surrogate safety assessment model (SSAM); (3) apply the proposed methodology to actual signalized intersection in Virginia, with the most prevalent scenarios-increasing the yellow signal interval duration, installing an advance warning sign, and an RLR camera; and (4) analyze the relative effectiveness by RLR frequency and the number of conflicts (rear-end and crossing). RESULTS: All scenarios show a reduction in RLR frequency (-7.8, -45.5, and -52.4%, respectively), but only increasing the yellow signal interval duration results in a reduced total number of conflicts (-11.3%; a surrogate safety measure of possible RLR-related crashes). An RLR camera makes the greatest reduction (-60.9%) in crossing conflicts (a surrogate safety measure of possible angle crashes), whereas increasing the yellow signal interval duration results in only a 12.8% reduction of rear-end conflicts (a surrogate safety measure of possible rear-end crash). CONCLUSIONS: Although increasing the yellow signal interval duration is advantageous because this reduces the total conflicts (a possibility of total RLR-related crashes), each countermeasure shows different effects by RLR-related conflict types that can be referred to when making a decision. Given that each intersection has different RLR crash issues, evaluated countermeasures are directly applicable to enhance the cost and time effectiveness, according to the situation of the target intersection. In addition, the proposed methodology is replicable at any site that has a dearth of crash data and/or comparison sites in order to test any other countermeasures (both engineering and enforcement countermeasures) for RLR crashes. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Acidentes de Trânsito/prevenção & controle Simulação por Computador Segurança [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Acidentes de Trânsito/estatística & dados numéricos Condução de Veículo/psicologia Condução de Veículo/estatística & dados numéricos Planejamento Ambiental Seres Humanos Estados Unidos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: EVALUATION STUDIES; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180202 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180202 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170622 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2017.1328551

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[PMID]: 28548581 [Au] Autor: Penmetsa P; Pulugurtha SS [Ad] Endereço: a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , The University of North Carolina at Charlotte , Charlotte , North Carolina. [Ti] Título: Modeling crash injury severity by road feature to improve safety. [So] Source: Traffic Inj Prev;19(1):102-109, 2018 01 02. [Is] ISSN: 1538-957X [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research is 2-fold: to (a) model and identify critical road features (or locations) based on crash injury severity and compare it with crash frequency and (b) model and identify drivers who are more likely to contribute to crashes by road feature. METHOD: Crash data from 2011 to 2013 were obtained from the Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) for the state of North Carolina. Twenty-three different road features were considered, analyzed, and compared with each other as well as no road feature. A multinomial logit (MNL) model was developed and odds ratios were estimated to investigate the effect of road features on crash injury severity. RESULTS: Among the many road features, underpass, end or beginning of a divided highway, and on-ramp terminal on crossroad are the top 3 critical road features. Intersection crashes are frequent but are not highly likely to result in severe injuries compared to critical road features. Roundabouts are least likely to result in both severe and moderate injuries. Female drivers are more likely to be involved in crashes at intersections (4-way and T) compared to male drivers. Adult drivers are more likely to be involved in crashes at underpasses. Older drivers are 1.6 times more likely to be involved in a crash at the end or beginning of a divided highway. CONCLUSIONS: The findings from this research help to identify critical road features that need to be given priority. As an example, additional advanced warning signs and providing enlarged or highly retroreflective signs that grab the attention of older drivers may help in making locations such as end or beginning of a divided highway much safer. Educating drivers about the necessary skill sets required at critical road features in addition to engineering solutions may further help them adopt safe driving behaviors on the road. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Acidentes de Trânsito/estatística & dados numéricos Planejamento Ambiental/estatística & dados numéricos Índices de Gravidade do Trauma Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Acidentes de Trânsito/prevenção & controle Adolescente Adulto Idoso Feminino Seres Humanos Modelos Logísticos Masculino Meia-Idade North Carolina/epidemiologia Segurança Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180202 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180202 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170527 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2017.1335396

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[PMID]: 28534647 [Au] Autor: Prato CG; Kaplan S; Patrier A; Rasmussen TK [Ad] Endereço: a School of Civil Engineering , The University of Queensland , St. Lucia , Brisbane , Australia. [Ti] Título: Considering built environment and spatial correlation in modeling pedestrian injury severity. [So] Source: Traffic Inj Prev;19(1):88-93, 2018 01 02. [Is] ISSN: 1538-957X [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVE: This study looks at mitigating and aggravating factors that are associated with the injury severity of pedestrians when they have crashes with another road user and overcomes existing limitations in the literature by focusing attention on the built environment and considering spatial correlation across crashes. METHOD: Reports for 6,539 pedestrian crashes occurred in Denmark between 2006 and 2015 were merged with geographic information system resources containing detailed information about the built environment and exposure at the crash locations. A linearized spatial logit model estimated the probability of pedestrians sustaining a severe or fatal injury conditional on the occurrence of a crash with another road user. RESULTS: This study confirms previous findings about older pedestrians and intoxicated pedestrians being the most vulnerable road users and crashes with heavy vehicles and in roads with higher speed limits being related to the most severe outcomes. This study provides novel perspectives by showing positive spatial correlations of crashes with the same severity outcomes and emphasizing the role of the built environment in the proximity of the crash. CONCLUSIONS: This study emphasizes the need for thinking about traffic calming measures, illumination solutions, road maintenance programs, and speed limit reductions. Moreover, this study emphasizes the role of the built environment, because shopping areas, residential areas, and walking traffic density are positively related to a reduction in pedestrian injury severity. Often, these areas have in common a larger pedestrian mass that is more likely to make other road users more aware and attentive, whereas the same does not seem to apply to areas with lower pedestrian density. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Acidentes de Trânsito/estatística & dados numéricos Planejamento Ambiental/estatística & dados numéricos Pedestres Índices de Gravidade do Trauma Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologia [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adolescente Adulto Idoso Criança Dinamarca/epidemiologia Feminino Seres Humanos Modelos Logísticos Masculino Meia-Idade Pedestres/psicologia Pedestres/estatística & dados numéricos Análise Espacial Adulto Jovem [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180202 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180202 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170524 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2017.1329535

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[PMID]: 28454563 [Au] Autor: Douma JG; Volkers KM; Engels G; Sonneveld MH; Goossens RHM; Scherder EJA [Ad] Endereço: Clinical Neuropsychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. j.g.douma@vu.nl. [Ti] Título: Setting-related influences on physical inactivity of older adults in residential care settings: a review. [So] Source: BMC Geriatr;17(1):97, 2017 04 28. [Is] ISSN: 1471-2318 [Cp] País de publicação: England [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: BACKGROUND: Despite the detrimental effects of physical inactivity for older adults, especially aged residents of residential care settings may spend much time in inactive behavior. This may be partly due to their poorer physical condition; however, there may also be other, setting-related factors that influence the amount of inactivity. The aim of this review was to review setting-related factors (including the social and physical environment) that may contribute to the amount of older adults' physical inactivity in a wide range of residential care settings (e.g., nursing homes, assisted care facilities). METHODS: Five databases were systematically searched for eligible studies, using the key words 'inactivity', 'care facilities', and 'older adults', including their synonyms and MeSH terms. Additional studies were selected from references used in articles included from the search. Based on specific eligibility criteria, a total of 12 studies were included. Quality of the included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). RESULTS: Based on studies using different methodologies (e.g., interviews and observations), and of different quality (assessed quality range: 25-100%), we report several aspects related to the physical environment and caregivers. Factors of the physical environment that may be related to physical inactivity included, among others, the environment's compatibility with the abilities of a resident, the presence of equipment, the accessibility, security, comfort, and aesthetics of the environment/corridors, and possibly the presence of some specific areas. Caregiver-related factors included staffing levels, the available time, and the amount and type of care being provided. CONCLUSIONS: Inactivity levels in residential care settings may be reduced by improving several features of the physical environment and with the help of caregivers. Intervention studies could be performed in order to gain more insight into causal effects of improving setting-related factors on physical inactivity of aged residents. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Cuidadores/psicologia Planejamento Ambiental Exercício/psicologia Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos Casas de Saúde [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Idoso Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais Planejamento Ambiental/tendências Exercício/fisiologia Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos/tendências Seres Humanos Casas de Saúde/tendências [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T [Em] Mês de entrada: 1712 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180127 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180127 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170430 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1186/s12877-017-0487-3

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[PMID]: 25816382 [Au] Autor: Robinson PS; Green J [Ad] Endereço: Florida Hospital for Children, Orlando, FL, USA patricia.s.robinson@flhosp.org. [Ti] Título: Ambient versus traditional environment in pediatric emergency department. [So] Source: HERD;8(2):71-80, 2015. [Is] ISSN: 1937-5867 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine the effect of exposure to an ambient environment in a pediatric emergency department. We hypothesized that passive distraction from ambient lighting in an emergency department would lead to reduction in patient pain and anxiety and increased caregiver satisfaction with services. BACKGROUND: Passive distraction has been associated with lower anxiety and pain in patients and affects perception of wait time. A pediatric ED was designed that optimized passive distraction techniques using colorful ambient lighting. METHODS: Participants were nonrandomly assigned to either an ambient ED environment or a traditional ED environment. Entry and exit questionnaires assessed caregiver expectations and experiences. Pain ratings were obtained with age-appropriate scales, and wait times were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 70 participants were assessed across conditions, that is, 40 in the ambient ED group and 30 in the traditional ED group. Caregivers in the traditional ED group expected a longer wait, had higher anxiety pretreatment, and felt more scared than those in the ambient ED group. Caregivers in the ambient ED group felt more included in the care of their child and rated quality of care higher than caregivers in the traditional ED group. Pain ratings and administrations of pain medication were lower in the ambient ED group. CONCLUSIONS: Mean scores for the ambient ED group were in the expected direction on several items measuring satisfaction with ED experiences. Results were suggestive of less stress in caregivers, less pain in patients, and higher satisfaction levels in the ambient ED group. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Ansiedade/prevenção & controle Atitude Frente à Saúde Cuidadores/psicologia Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência Planejamento Ambiental Iluminação/métodos Manejo da Dor/métodos Satisfação do Paciente [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Adulto Análise de Variância Ansiedade/psicologia Criança Pré-Escolar Florida Hospitais Pediátricos Seres Humanos Lactente Masculino Medição da Dor/métodos Índice de Gravidade de Doença Estatísticas não Paramétricas Inquéritos e Questionários Fatores de Tempo [Pt] Tipo de publicação: CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1801 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180126 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180126 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 150328 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1177/1937586714566412

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[PMID]: 29206987 [Au] Autor: Barrientos-Gutierrez T; Moore KAB; Auchincloss AH; Mujahid MS; August C; Sanchez BN; Diez Roux AV [Ti] Título: Neighborhood Physical Environment and Changes in Body Mass Index: Results From the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. [So] Source: Am J Epidemiol;186(11):1237-1245, 2017 Dec 01. [Is] ISSN: 1476-6256 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: Longitudinal associations between neighborhood characteristics and body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)2) were assessed from 2000 to 2011 among 5,919 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. The perceived availability of healthy food and walking environment were assessed via surveys, and 1-mile (1.6-km) densities of supermarkets, fruit-and-vegetable stores, and recreational facilities were obtained through a commercial database. Econometric fixed-effects models were used to estimate the association between within-person changes in neighborhood characteristics and within-person change in BMI. In fully adjusted models, a 1-standard-deviation increase in the healthy food environment index was associated with a 0.16-kg/m2 decrease in BMI (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.27, -0.06) among participants with obesity at baseline. A 1-standard-deviation increase in the physical activity environment index was associated with 0.13-kg/m2 (95% CI: -0.24, -0.02) and 0.14-kg/m2 (95% CI: -0.27, -0.01) decreases in BMI for participants who were overweight and obese at baseline, respectively. Paradoxically, increases in the physical activity index were associated with BMI increases in persons who were normal-weight at baseline. This study provides preliminary longitudinal evidence that favorable changes in neighborhood physical environments are related to BMI reductions in obese persons, who comprise a substantial proportion of the US population. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Índice de Massa Corporal Planejamento Ambiental Abastecimento de Alimentos/normas Atividades de Lazer Distribuição Espacial da População Meio Social Instalações Esportivas e Recreacionais/estatística & dados numéricos Caminhada [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Idoso Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais Feminino Abastecimento de Alimentos/estatística & dados numéricos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica Seres Humanos Estudos Longitudinais Masculino Meia-Idade Percepção Estudos Prospectivos Classe Social Inquéritos e Questionários Estados Unidos [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE [Em] Mês de entrada: 1712 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 180108 [Lr] Data última revisão: 180108 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171206 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx186

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[PMID]: 29240739 [Au] Autor: Richardson A; Potter J; Paterson M; Harding T; Tyler-Merrick G; Kirk R; Reid K; McChesney J [Ad] Endereço: Professor, Wayne Francis Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch. [Ti] Título: Office design and health: a systematic review. [So] Source: N Z Med J;130(1467):39-49, 2017 Dec 15. [Is] ISSN: 1175-8716 [Cp] País de publicação: New Zealand [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: AIM: To carry out a systematic review of recent research into the effects of workplace design, comparing individual with shared workspaces, on the health of employees. METHODS: The research question was "Does workplace design (specifically individual offices compared with shared workspaces) affect the health of workers?" A literature search limited to articles published between 2000 and 2017 was undertaken. A systematic review was carried out, and the findings of the reviewed studies grouped into themes according to the primary outcomes measured in the studies. RESULTS: The literature search identified 15 relevant studies addressing health effects of shared or open-plan offices compared with individual offices. Our systematic review found that, compared with individual offices, shared or open-plan office space is not beneficial to employees' health, with consistent findings of deleterious effects on staff health, wellbeing and productivity. Our findings are also consistent with those of earlier reviews. CONCLUSION: These findings have public health implications for the New Zealand workforce. Decisions about workplace design should include weighing the short-term financial benefits of open-plan or shared workspaces against the significant harms, including increased sickness absence, lower job satisfaction and productivity, and possible threats to recruitment and retention of staff. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Planejamento Ambiental Satisfação no Emprego Saúde do Trabalhador/normas Local de Trabalho [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Seres Humanos Decoração de Interiores e Mobiliário Nova Zelândia Saúde Pública [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Em] Mês de entrada: 1712 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171221 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171221 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171215 [St] Status: MEDLINE

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[PMID]: 29217554 [Au] Autor: Poff NL; Olden JD [Ad] Endereço: Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. poff@lamar.colostate.edu. [Ti] Título: Can dams be designed for sustainability? [So] Source: Science;358(6368):1252-1253, 2017 12 08. [Is] ISSN: 1095-9203 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Planejamento Ambiental Abastecimento de Água [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Conservação dos Recursos Naturais [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; COMMENT [Em] Mês de entrada: 1712 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171213 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171213 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 171209 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1126/science.aaq1422

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[PMID]: 28449616 [Au] Autor: Townshend T; Lake A [Ad] Endereço: Newcastle University, Claremont Tower, UK. [Ti] Título: Obesogenic environments: current evidence of the built and food environments. [So] Source: Perspect Public Health;137(1):38-44, 2017 Jan. [Is] ISSN: 1757-9147 [Cp] País de publicação: United States [La] Idioma: eng [Ab] Resumo: AIMS: Obesity is one of the most significant global health and social problems, with rates rising dramatically over the past few decades. While the basic drivers of obesity are obvious (more energy consumed than expended), the causes are multifactorial and complex. A decade ago, it was suggested that exploring the ways in which the built environment influenced physical activity and dietary behaviours might provide fertile ground for investigation. This article overviews current evidence and, in particular, emergent themes that are of significance for the United Kingdom. METHODS: This article is based on literature extracted from keyword searching of electronic databases. A timeframe of 2006-2016 was used. RESULTS: In the past decade, the research base has grown significantly; while frustratingly some results are still inconclusive or contradictory, it might be argued enough evidence exists to act upon. Themes such as the importance of the journey to school for young people and the multiple environments in which people spend their time are examples of where real progress has been made in the evidence base. CONCLUSION: Progress towards real change in policy and practice may seem slow; however, the opportunities afforded for health and planning professionals to work together provide a step towards the whole systems approaches to tackle obesity that are desperately needed. [Mh] Termos MeSH primário: Planejamento Ambiental Alimentos Obesidade/prevenção & controle [Mh] Termos MeSH secundário: Exercício Planejamento em Saúde Política de Saúde Seres Humanos Obesidade/etiologia Meio Social Reino Unido [Pt] Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW [Em] Mês de entrada: 1712 [Cu] Atualização por classe: 171211 [Lr] Data última revisão: 171211 [Sb] Subgrupo de revista: IM [Da] Data de entrada para processamento: 170429 [St] Status: MEDLINE [do] DOI: 10.1177/1757913916679860

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