Base de dados : MEDLINE Pesquisa : M01.060.703 [Categoria DeCS] Referências encontradas : 182272 [refinar] Mostrando: 1 .. 10   no formato [Longo]

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PMID: 19432878 Autor: Verrotti A; Tocco AM; Coppola GG; Altobelli E; Chiarelli F Endereço: Department of Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Ospedale Policlinico, Chieti, Italy. averrott@unich.it Título: Afebrile benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis: a new entity? Fonte: Acta Neurol Scand; 120(2):73-9, 2009 Aug. ISSN: 1600-0404 País de publicação: Denmark Idioma: eng Resumo: Afebrile seizures in children usually necessitate investigations in order to determine the etiology and estimate the prognosis. Recently, convulsions that are described as benign but afebrile have been documented in children, in association with diarrhea, and are now recognized as a distinct entity. Benign afebrile seizures with mild gastroenteritis are defined as convulsions accompanying symptoms of mild diarrhea without dehydration or electrolyte derangement and without fever before and after the seizures in healthy children without meningitis, encephalitis or encephalopathy. The convulsions are short, symmetrical, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, occurring in clusters. Laboratory studies (full blood count, blood glucose, creatinine, serum electrolytes, cerebrospinal fluid, bacterial and viral cultures) are usually normal, and other investigations (neuroimaging and electroencephalogram) are not necessary. Prognosis is always favorable (normal psychomotor development, no recurrences of seizures), and anticonvulsant therapy is not warranted. Recognition of this benign infantile convulsion avoids extensive evaluation and long-term anticonvulsant therapy; physicians may reassure the parents regarding the lack of long-term sequelae. In conclusion, this type of seizure seems to be a new entity, but it awaits a correct place in the large group of infantile convulsion disorders. Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW Nome de substância: 0 (Anticonvulsants)

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PMID: 19604279 Autor: Levidiotou S; Gartzonika C; Papaventsis D; Christaki C; Priavali E; Zotos N; Kapsali E; Vrioni G Endereço: Department of Microbiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece. sleveidi@uoi.gr Título: Viral agents of acute gastroenteritis in hospitalized children in Greece. Fonte: Clin Microbiol Infect; 15(6):596-8, 2009 Jun. ISSN: 1469-0691 País de publicação: France Idioma: eng Resumo: A 6-year study of stool samples from 4604 children hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis was conducted to investigate the role of enteric viruses as a cause of gastroenteritis in north-west Greece. Rotaviruses, noroviruses, adenoviruses and astroviruses were detected in 21.35%, 4%, 3.5% and 2.35%, respectively, by enzyme immunoassays and molecular techniques. Molecular techniques enhanced overall diagnostic efficacy by 2.5%, and by c. 10% each for rotavirus and adenovirus. Rotavirus was the leading cause of viral gastroenteritis, usually associated with severe illness. Mixed infections were found in 4.4% of positive specimens, and rotavirus plus astrovirus represented the most frequent co-infection (55.5%). This first study on the epidemiology of viral gastroenteritis in Greece shows that recent advances in the diagnosis of viral enteropathogens may have only marginal effects on overall diagnostic efficacy, and thus the impact of viral agents causing sporadic gastroenteritis in public health cannot be fully evaluated. Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE

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PMID: 19481802 Autor: Kelly P; MacCormick J; Strange R Endereço: Te Puaruruhau (Child Abuse Assessment Unit), Starship Children's Hospital, Park Road, Private Bag 92024, Auckland 1, New Zealand. Título: Non-accidental head injury in New Zealand: the outcome of referral to statutory authorities. Fonte: Child Abuse Negl; 33(6):393-401, 2009 Jun. ISSN: 1873-7757 País de publicação: England Idioma: eng Resumo: OBJECTIVES: To describe the outcome of referral to the statutory authorities for infants under 2 years with non-accidental head injury (NAHI), and to establish whether the authorities held sufficient information to develop a risk profile for these cases. METHODS: Retrospective review of cases admitted to hospital in Auckland, New Zealand from 1988 to 1998. Records from the hospital admission, child protective services and Police were reviewed, up to 19 years from diagnosis. RESULTS: Of 39 infants, 33 survived to leave hospital. Documentation of risk factors was erratic, and sometimes incongruent between agencies. Inter-agency case conferences took place in 17/39 (44%). The Department of Child, Youth and Family Services (CYF) used an informal family agreement to secure safety in 15/33 survivors (45%). Family Group Conferences occurred in 17/33 (52%). Nine of 33 were placed permanently outside the home (27%), two (6%) with unrelated caregivers. Charges were laid in 18/39 cases (46%). Fifteen cases came to trial, with 14 convictions (36%). Of the survivors, 44% were later renotified to CYF. There was no obvious relationship between type of intervention and re-notification. CONCLUSIONS: Ensuring the safety of an infant with NAHI, and identifying and taking appropriate action with regard to the offender, are complex tasks. In New Zealand, data collection is often incomplete and inter-agency practice and collaboration is variable. Although the rate of prosecution was relatively high by international standards, many children were later notified again for further concerns of abuse or neglect, suggesting that our interventions have been only partially successful. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: This paper suggests that all infants admitted to hospital with non-accidental head injury should become part of a prospective inter-agency research study, using a standardised data collection instrument. This should include the systematic collection of all data known or suspected to be associated with risk of child abuse, and incorporate long-term prospective follow-up, regardless of child protective or legal outcomes. Without large numbers followed prospectively and according to sound methodology, it is difficult to prove which forms of intervention are better than others at reducing the risk of further abuse. Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE

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PMID: 19455643 Autor: Hu VW; Steinberg ME Endereço: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 Eye St., N.W., Washington, DC 20037, USA. bcmvwh@gwumc.edu Título: Novel clustering of items from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised to define phenotypes within autism spectrum disorders. Fonte: Autism Res; 2(2):67-77, 2009 Apr. ISSN: 1939-3806 País de publicação: United States Idioma: eng Resumo: Heterogeneity in phenotypic presentation of Autism spectrum disorders has been cited as one explanation for the difficulty in pinpointing specific genes involved in autism. Recent studies have attempted to reduce the "noise" in genetic and other biological data by reducing the phenotypic heterogeneity of the sample population. The current study employs multiple clustering algorithms on 123 item scores from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) diagnostic instrument of nearly 2,000 autistic individuals to identify subgroups of autistic probands with clinically relevant behavioral phenotypes in order to isolate more homogeneous groups of subjects for gene expression analyses. Our combined cluster analyses suggest optimal division of the autistic probands into four phenotypic clusters based on similarity of symptom severity across the 123 selected item scores. One cluster is characterized by severe language deficits, while another exhibits milder symptoms across the domains. A third group possesses a higher frequency of savant skills while the fourth group exhibited intermediate severity across all domains. Grouping autistic individuals by multivariate cluster analysis of ADI-R scores reveals meaningful phenotypes of subgroups within the autistic spectrum, which we show, in a related (accompanying) study, to be associated with distinct gene expression profiles. Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, N.I.H., EXTRAMURAL; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T

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PMID: 19460332 Autor: Narahari S; Juwle A; Basak S; Saranath D Endereço: Molecular Medicine Group, Reliance Life Sciences Pvt Ltd, Dhirubhai Ambani Life Sciences Centre, Rabale, Navi Mumbai, India. Título: Prevalence and geographic distribution of Hepatitis C Virus genotypes in Indian patient cohort. Fonte: Infect Genet Evol; 9(4):643-5, 2009 Jul. ISSN: 1567-7257 País de publicação: Netherlands Idioma: eng Resumo: Viral hepatitis represents a major global health problem with 170 million Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) carriers worldwide, and 12-13 million HCV carriers in India. HCV genotypes are of clinical significance in indicating drug responsiveness and prognosis of the patient. The HCV genotypes are of epidemiologic significance as well, as they are indicative of transmission route of infection and have not been extensively studied in the Indian context. In the current study, HCV genotyping was examined in 2118 patients from different geographic regions of India. HCV was detected by PCR amplification of 5' UTR and core-envelope1 regions, followed by genotyping using nucleotide sequencing and analysis with NCBI tool (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/genotyping/formpage.cgi). HCV genotype distribution in the 2118 Indian patients demonstrated prevalence of HCV3 (3a/3b primarily) in 62% and HCV1 (1a/1b primarily) in 31% patients. The predominance of HCV3 was significant in northern (p=0.01) and eastern (p=0.008) regions of India. HCV types 2, 4, 5, and 6 were detected in 0.05-4.5% of the patient group. Thus, our studies demonstrate HCV genotype prevalence in the cohort group in different regions of India. Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T Nome de substância: 0 (RNA, Viral)

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PMID: 19460318 Autor: Dey SK; Shimizu H; Phan TG; Hayakawa Y; Islam A; Salim AF; Khan AR; Mizuguchi M; Okitsu S; Ushijima H Endereço: Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Institute of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Título: Molecular epidemiology of adenovirus infection among infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Fonte: Infect Genet Evol; 9(4):518-22, 2009 Jul. ISSN: 1567-7257 País de publicação: Netherlands Idioma: eng Resumo: A total of 917 fecal specimens collected from infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in Dhaka City, Bangladesh during 2004-2005 were examined for the presence of adenoviruses by PCR. Adenoviruses were identified in 17 of 917 (1.9%) specimens. Detected adenoviruses were subjected to molecular genetic analysis by sequencing method. Adenoviruses detected in this study were classified into three serotypes, namely Ad9, Ad10 and Ad40. Of these, Ad40 was predominant, followed by Ad9 and accounted for 42% (7 of 17) and 36% (6 of 17), respectively. This is the first report of acute gastroenteritis attributed to Ad9 and Ad10 in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Another interesting feature of the study was absence of Ad41 serotype. Our results clearly indicated that adenovirus infections were most commonly observed in winter season (October 2004 through January 2005) and in rainy season (May 2005 through July 2005) in Dhaka City. The most common clinical symptoms of adenovirus-infected patients were dehydration (94%), abdominal pain (59%) and vomiting (30%). To our knowledge, this is the first 1-year molecular epidemiological research of adenovirus infection in Bangladesh. Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T

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PMID: 19276094 Autor: Norton MC; Ostbye T; Smith KR; Munger RG; Tschanz JT Endereço: Department of Family Consumer and Human Development, Utah State University, 4440 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, USA. maria.norton@usu.edu Título: Early parental death and late-life dementia risk: findings from the Cache County Study. Fonte: Age Ageing; 38(3):340-3, 2009 May. ISSN: 1468-2834 País de publicação: England Idioma: eng Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE; RESEARCH SUPPORT, N.I.H., EXTRAMURAL Nome de substância: 0 (Apolipoprotein E4)

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PMID: 18822103 Autor: Gruber TA; Shah AJ; Hernandez M; Crooks GM; Abdel-Azim H; Gupta S; McKnight S; White D; Kapoor N; Kohn DB Endereço: Divisions of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA. Título: Clinical and genetic heterogeneity in Omenn syndrome and severe combined immune deficiency. Fonte: Pediatr Transplant; 13(2):244-50, 2009 Mar. ISSN: 1399-3046 País de publicação: Denmark Idioma: eng Resumo: OS has been described as a clinical phenotype in infants characterized by SCID, diffuse erythroderma, and other distinct features. The pathogenesis is secondary to autologous, auto-reactive T cells produced as rare escapees from the SCID blockade. Mutations in either the RAG1 or RAG2 gene that lead to partial recombinase activity are responsible for many of the patients with these clinical features. We report on two patients, one with an atypical phenotype of OS (absence of rash but presence of other typical features) who harbored a previously undescribed mutation in RAG1, and a second who had many of the classic features of OS but was found to have a mutation in the common gamma chain (gamma(c)) cytokine receptor gene. These cases highlight the clinical and genetic heterogeneity of OS. Tipo de publicação: CASE REPORTS; JOURNAL ARTICLE Nome de substância: 0 (Cytokines); 0 (Homeodomain Proteins); 128559-51-3 (RAG-1 protein); EC 2.7.7.- (VDJ Recombinases)

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PMID: 18662371 Autor: Morita K; Iwami D; Hotta K; Shimoda N; Miura M; Watarai Y; Hoshii S; Obikane K; Nakashima T; Sasaki S; Nonomura K Endereço: Department of Urology, Hokkaido University Hospital, University Graduate Medical School, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. kenordic@mac.com Título: Pediatric kidney transplantation is safe and available for patients with urological anomalies as well as those with primary renal diseases. Fonte: Pediatr Transplant; 13(2):200-5, 2009 Mar. ISSN: 1399-3046 País de publicação: Denmark Idioma: eng Resumo: The aim of the current study was to evaluate long-term outcomes of pediatric live kidney transplantation in patients with genitourinary anomalies relative to those with primary kidney diseases. The study included 35 pediatric patients who received a live kidney transplantation during the last 25 yr (28 males, six females). Median age at the time of transplantation was nine yr (range 1-15 yr), and the median follow-up period was 151 months (range 6-239 month). The patients were divided into two groups. The urological group (n = 14) included patients with primary obstructive/reflux nephropathy. The renal group (n = 20) included patients with primary renal disorders. Differences between groups in graft survival, clinical course, and final graft function were evaluated. Original diseases represented in the urological group included five cases with primary VUR and eight cases with secondary VUR. Diseases in the renal group included eight cases with bilateral hypo-dysplastic kidney, three cases with focal/segmental glomerular sclerosis, two cases with membranous proliferative glomerulonephritis, two cases with congenital nephrotic syndrome and five cases with other forms of chronic nephritis. Ten of 14 cases in the urological group, relative to six of 20 in the renal group, were preemptive. Median age at transplantation was 7.5 or 10 yr old, respectively, in the urological or renal group. Twelve kidney recipients in the urological group had also undergone other urinary surgeries, including upper urinary tract drainage, ureteroneocystostomy, augmentation cystoplasty, endoscopic incision of posterior-urethral valve, urethroplasty, etc. Cumulative post-operative complications occurred in nine or 16, respectively, in the urological or renal group. The acute rejection free and overall graft survival were similar in both groups. One patient in the urological group lost his graft while six patients in the renal group lost their grafts. Thus, the post-transplant clinical outcome of pediatric transplantation in patients with urological anomalies is comparable to that of recipients with primary renal disease. Appropriate urinary tract reconstruction and management is essential to reduce the risk of graft dysfunction because of urinary problems. Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE

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PMID: 18564308 Autor: Ling SC; Pfeiffer A; Avitzur Y; Fecteau A; Grant D; Ng VL Endereço: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. simon.ling@sickkids.ca Título: Long-term follow-up of portal hypertension after liver transplantation in children. Fonte: Pediatr Transplant; 13(2):206-9, 2009 Mar. ISSN: 1399-3046 País de publicação: Denmark Idioma: eng Resumo: We aimed to describe the long-term changes in the imaging and clinical features of PHALT in children. A retrospective review was undertaken of consecutive children undergoing their first liver transplant between 1993 and 2003. Details of clinical progress and ultrasound imaging were recorded at one-yr post-transplantation and at last follow-up. Data were extracted on 83 children (median age at transplant 1.7 yr, range one month to 17.5 yr, 44 girls) who underwent 89 transplants. Four of these children died at a mean 5.6 yr (range 3.8-6.9 yr) after transplantation. Of the survivors, follow-up at one yr (n = 83) and at last follow-up (n = 71, median 4.3 yr post-transplant) revealed imaging evidence of splenomegaly in 46% and 44%, ascites in 6% and 4%, and portal systemic collaterals in 12% and 14%, respectively. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage associated with portal hypertension had occurred in no children at one yr and in four (6%) at latest follow-up. Features of portal hypertension on ultrasound scan are common in children before liver transplantation. An important minority of children will suffer clinically significant complications of PHALT during long-term follow-up, caused by both vascular and parenchymal disease. Tipo de publicação: JOURNAL ARTICLE Nome de substância: 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents)

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